Old Testament Historical Books Part 2

Dan ISRAEL Samaria   Penuel  Shechem Bethel  JUDAH

Southern Kingdom of Judah Category Northern Kingdom of Israel 19 Kings, 1 Queen Kings 19 Kings Jerusalem Capital Shechem/Samaria Judah & Benjamin Tribes Ten Northern Tribes Most were unstable; some were good, some were bad Legacy of Kings All were bad; Ahab and Ahaziah were idol worshipers Conquered by Babylon in 586 B.C. Fall Conquered by Assyria in 721 B.C. Returned to the land Return No Return

Sidon  SIDON ISRAEL Ethbaal (Itto-Baal) OMRI Israel Jezebel Ahab Judah

Sidon  Now Elijah the Tishbite, who was of the settlers of Gilead, said to Ahab, “As the Lord, the God of Israel lives, before whom I stand, surely there shall be neither dew nor rain these years, except by my word.” (1 Kings 17:1). Israel Judah

Yahweh Baal Elijah Ahab Who will you serve? Sidon  Mount Carmel Israel Judah

An Outline of 1st & 2nd Kings

SIDON ISRAEL JUDAH Ethbaal (Itto-Baal) OMRI ASA Jezebel Ahab Jehoshaphat Ahaziah Joram Athaliah Jehoram Ahaziah Joash

• Nineveh • Jerusalem Jonah's World

Samaria

2 Kings 17:6 In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria captured Samaria and carried Israel away into exile to Assyria. and settled them in Halah and Habor, on the river of Gozarx and in the cities of the Medes.

2 Kings 17:7-8 Now this came about, because the sons of Israel had sinned against the Lord their God, who had brought them up from the land of Egypt from under the hand of Pharaoh, king of Egypt, and they had feared other gods 8 and walked in the customs of the nations whom the Lord had driven out before the sons of Israel, and in the customs of the kings of Israel which they had introduced.

Hezekiah’s Reformation Religious Reform Envoys from Merodach-Baladan Assyrian threat Hezekiah’s Tunnel

2 Kings 19:35-36 Then it happened that night that the angel of the Lord went out, and struck 185,000 in the camp of the Assyrians; and when men rose early in the morning, behold, all of them were dead. So Sennacherib king of Assyria departed and returned home, and lived at Nineveh.

Taylor Prism “As for Hezekiah, the Jew, who did not submit to my yoke, 46 of his strong walled cities, as well as the small cities in their neighborhood, which were without number, by escalade and bringing up siege engines... Himself, like a caged bird, I shut up in Jerusalem, his royal city.

Reform under Josiah Religious Reform Fall of Assyria

Scythians Carchemish  Medes Assyria Megiddo  Babylon EGYPT

Scythians Carchemish  Medes Assyria Megiddo  Babylon EGYPT

And he burned the house of the LORD, the king’s house, and all the houses of Jerusalem; even every great house he burned with fire. (2 Kings 25:9).

Prophetic Perspective: Judgments Kings Chronicles Prophetic Perspective: Judgments Priestly Perspective: Hope Wars Prominent Temple Prominent History of thrones History of Davidic line Israel & Judah Mostly Judah Morality Redemption

The Prophet of Social Justice 610 600 590 580 570 560 550 540 530 Babylonian Captivity Return from Exile Kings of Judah Amos Jerusalem & Temple Destroyed Joel? Zephaniah The Prophet of Social Justice Daniel Jeremiah Habakkuk Obadiah? Ezekiel

Lydians Medes Persians Babylon 

Ezra 1:2-3 Thus says Cyrus king of Persia, “The LORD, the God of heaven, has given me all the kingdoms of the earth and He has appointed me to build Him a house in Jerusalem, which is in Judah. 3 Whoever there is among you of all His people, may his God be with him! Let him go up to Jerusalem which is in Judah and rebuild the house of the LORD, the God of Israel; He is the God who is in Jerusalem.

Ezra 1:4 “Every survivor, at whatever place he may live, let the men of that place support him with silver and gold, with goods and cattle, together with a freewill offering for the house of God which is in Jerusalem.” Cyrus the Great

Permission given to rebuild The Temple Cyrus the Great Haggai & Zechariah prophesy and urge construction to begin again Cambyses Construction halted Permission given to rebuild

Permission given to rebuild The Temple Cyrus the Great Darius the Great Cambyses Construction halted Permission given to rebuild Permission given to complete

1st Return under Zerubbabel & rebuilding Temple Ezra 1-6 Ezra 7-10 538-516 B.C. Events of Book of Esther Book of Esther 473 B.C. 2nd Return under Ezra 458-457 B.C. 3rd Return under Nehemiah & rebuilding walls Book of Nehemiah 445-444 B.C.

The Esther Narrative

Cast of Characters Esther (also known as Hadassah). Ahasuerus: Xerxes Mordecai & Haman

The Narrative A new queen Mordecai saves the king Haman’s jealousy A plan for ethnic cleansing Plea to Esther Haman’s plan The king’s plan Esther’s revelation The Jewish deliverance

Esther 9:24 For Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the adversary of all the Jews, had schemed against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that is the lot, to disturb them and destroy them.

Haman Mordecai A descendant of Agag (Esther 3:1), the king of the Amalekites whose life Saul spared in disobedience to the command of God. From the tribe and family of Saul (Esther 2:5). The enemy of the people of God The savior of the people of God

Points to Ponder Esther is the book of God’s Providence The Success of Haman’s plot would also exterminate the seed through which the Messiah would come This book reminds us that God works in the lives of both the great and the small

A Picture of Christ The Story The Picture Esther was the virgin bride who married the king. The church is the spotless bride who marries the King The king’s former wife had been displeasing and had been set aside. The natural branches were broken off due to unbelief.

A Picture of Christ The Story The Picture Haman plotted against Mordecai and against all the Jews. Satan has set himself against Christ and against all men Mordecai convinces Esther to intercede on behalf of her people. Jesus Himself interceded on behalf of His church.

A Picture of Christ The Story The Picture Esther agrees to intercede after the people have fasted for three days. Christ interceded on our behalf and then was in the grave three days. Haman plans to have Mordecai executed for not bowing down to him. Jesus was tempted by Satan to worship him; Satan’s attack culminated in the cross.

A Type of Christ The Story The Picture Haman met his end on the gallows he had intended for Modecai. Christ intentionally went to the cross that was prepared for us. In both cases, that which looked like certain death and defeat was turned into ultimate victory.