NARSTO PM Assessment NARSTO PM Assessment Chapter 5: Spatial and Temporal Pattern TOC Introduction Data Global Pattern NAM Dust NAM Smoke NAM Haze NAM Total PM Local PM Speciated Seasonal over the Central EUS TOCIntroductionDataGlobal PatternNAM DustNAM SmokeNAM Total PM The seasonal aerosol aerosol pattern at the IMPROVE sites is examined using two methodologies: – Seasonal Mass Balance Charts – Seasonal Percentile Frequency Charts

Method 1: Cumulative Seasonal PM2.5 Composition PM2.5 chemical components were calculated based on the CIRA methodologyCIRA methodology In addition, the the organics were (tentatively) further separated as Primary Smoke Organics (red) and Remainder organics (purple) PSO = 20*(K *Si – 0.02* Na) Remainder Org = Organics - PSO Also, the ‘Unknown’ mass (white area) is the difference between the gravimetrically measured and the chemically reconstructed PM2.5. The daily chemical composition was aggregated over the available IMPROVE data range ( ) to retain the seasonal structure. I order to reduce the noise the daily data were smoothed by a 15-day moving average filter. Shenandoah

Method 2: Seasonal Percentiles, At Lye Brook, VT, the clean days (20 percentile) corresponds to ~4 ug/m3 throughout the year The dirty days are (80-90%-ile) have 2-5 times higher concentration than the clean days. Great Smoky Mtn. Lye Brook Clean days (20%) ‘Clean’ days (20%) Dirty days, 80-90% At the Smoky Mtn, the clean days in the winter are also ~4 ug/m3. However in the summer, even the ‘clean’ days have 14 ug/m3 PM2.5. The dirty days are have 2-3 times higher than the clean days through out the year. The charts depict the magnitude of seasonal and synoptic variation The synoptic-scale variation (day-to-day) can be measured by the percentile spread

Regional Grouping of Sites For this presentation the IMPROVE sites were grouped as follows: –New England () –Mid-Atlantic () –Central EUS () –Peripheral () For each region, the seasonality is displayed for: –Chemical Mass Balance –Carbonaceous Mass Balance –Fine Particle Mass Percentiles –Coarse Mass Percentiles –Sulfate Percentiles –Fine Soil Percentiles –Tot. Carbon. + 'Unknown' Percentiles –Smoke Organics Percentiles

South WUS: Chemical Mass Balance Tonto Bandelier Petrified F. Saguaro NM Chiricahua

Southwest : Chemical Mass Balance Bryce Canyon Mesa Verde Hopi Point Weminuche W G Sand Dunes Canyonlands White River

Idaho: Chemical Mass Balance Sawtooth Crater Moon Salmon Scoville Three Sisters

Brooklyn L Bridger, WY Nevada-Wyoming: Chemical Mass Balance Jarbidge Yellowstone Lone Peak Great Basin Mt. Zirkel Rocky Mt

Washington-Oregon: Chemical Mass Balance Columbia RG Crater Lake Columbia G. Glacier NP Sula MT

San Joaquin Valley: Chemical Mass Balance Lassen VolcanDeath Valley Pinnacles Bliss StatePark Yosemite

Mntn and Valleys: Chemical Mass Balance San GorgonioDeath Valley Sequoia South Tahoe Snoqualamie

WUS Coastal Sites: Chemical Mass Balance Mauna LoaPuget Sound Point Reyes Haleakala Redwood Denali

Big Bend and Guadal: Chemical Mass Balance Guadalupe Big Bend

South WUS: Carbonaceous Mass Balance Tonto Bandelier Petrified F. Saguaro NM Chiricahua

Southwest : Carbonaceous Mass Balance Bryce Canyon Mesa Verde Hopi Point Weminuche W G Sand Dunes Canyonlands White River

Idaho: Carbonaceous Mass Balance Sawtooth Crater Moon Salmon Scoville Three Sisters

Bridger, WY Nevada-Wyoming: Carbonaceous Mass Balance Jarbidge Yellowstone Lone Peak Great Basin Mt. ZirkelRocky Mt

Washington-Oregon: Carbonaceous Mass Balance Columbia RG Crater Lake Columbia G. Glacier NP Sula MT

San Joaquin Valley: Carbonaceous Mass Balance Lassen VolcanDeath Valley Pinnacles Bliss StatePark Yosemite

Mntn and Valleys: Carbonaceous Mass Balance San GorgonioDeath Valley Sequoia South Tahoe Snoqualamie

WUS Coastal Sites: Carbonaceous Mass Balance Mauna LoaPuget Sound Point Reyes Haleakala Redwood Denali

Big Bend and Guadal: Carbonaceous Mass Balance Guadalupe Big Bend

South WUS: Fine Particle Mass Percentiles Tonto Bandelier Petrified F. Saguaro NM Chiricahua

Southwest : Fine Particle Mass Percentiles Bryce Canyon Mesa Verde Hopi Point Weminuche W G Sand Dunes Canyonlands White River

Idaho: Fine Particle Mass Percentiles Sawtooth Crater Moon Salmon Scoville Three Sisters

Bridger, WY Nevada-Wyoming: Fine Particle Mass Percentiles Jarbidge Yellowstone Lone Peak Brooklyn L Great Basin Mt. Zirkel Rocky Mt

Washington-Oregon: Fine Particle Mass Percentiles Columbia RG Crater Lake Columbia G. Glacier NP Sula MT

San Joaquin Valley: Particle Mass Percentiles Lassen VolcanDeath Valley Pinnacles Bliss StatePark Yosemite

Mntn and Valleys: Fine Particle Mass Percentiles San GorgonioDeath Valley Sequoia South Tahoe Snoqualamie

WUS Coastal Sites: Fine Particle Mass Percentiles Mauna LoaPuget Sound Point Reyes Haleakala Redwood Denali

Big Bend and Guadal: Fine Particle Mass Percentiles Guadalupe Big Bend

South WUS: Coarse Mass Percentiles Tonto Bandelier Petrified F. Saguaro NM Chiricahua

Southwest : Coarse Mass Percentiles Bryce Canyon Mesa Verde Hopi Point Weminuche W G Sand Dunes Canyonlands White River

Idaho: Coarse Mass Percentiles Sawtooth Crater Moon Salmon Scoville Three Sisters

Nevada-Wyoming: Coarse Mass Percentiles Jarbidge Yellowstone Lone Peak Bridger, WYGreat Basin Mt. ZirkelRocky Mt

Washington-Oregon: Coarse Mass Percentiles Columbia RG Crater Lake Columbia G. Glacier NP Sula MT

San Joaquin Valley: Coarse Mass Percentiles Lassen VolcanDeath Valley Pinnacles Bliss StatePark Yosemite

Mountain Passes and Valle: Coarse Mass Percentiles San GorgonioDeath Valley Sequoia South Tahoe Snoqualamie

Western US Coastal Sites: Coarse Mass Percentiles Mauna LoaPuget Sound Point Reyes Haleakala Redwood Denali

Big Bend and Guadalupe: Coarse Mass Percentiles Guadalupe Big Bend

South WUS: Sulfate Percentiles Tonto Bandelier Petrified F. Saguaro NM Chiricahua

Southwest : Sulfate Percentiles Bryce Canyon Mesa Verde Hopi Point Weminuche W G Sand Dunes Canyonlands White River

Idaho: Sulfate Percentiles Sawtooth Crater Moon Salmon Scoville Three Sisters

Bridger, WY Nevada-Wyoming: Sulfate Percentiles Jarbidge Yellowstone Lone Peak Brooklyn L Great Basin Mt. Zirkel Rocky Mt

Washington-Oregon: Sulfate Percentiles Columbia RG Crater Lake Columbia G. Glacier NP Sula MT

San Joaquin Valley: Sulfate Percentiles Lassen VolcanDeath Valley Pinnacles Bliss StatePark Yosemite

Mountain Passes and Valleys: Sulfate Percentiles San GorgonioDeath Valley Sequoia South Tahoe Snoqualamie

Western US Coastal Sites: Sulfate Percentiles Mauna LoaPuget Sound Point Reyes Haleakala Redwood Denali

Big Bend and Guadalupe: Sulfate Percentiles Guadalupe Big Bend

South WUS: Fine Soil Percentiles Fine dust Tonto Bandelier Petrified F. Saguaro NM Chiricahua

Southwest : Fine Soil Percentiles Fine dust Bryce Canyon Mesa Verde Hopi Point Weminuche W G Sand Dunes Canyonlands White River

Idaho: Fine Soil Percentiles Fine dust Sawtooth Crater Moon Salmon Scoville Three Sisters

Nevada-Wyoming: Fine Soil Percentiles Fine dust Jarbidge Sawtooth Yellowstone Lone PeakBridger, WY Brooklyn L Great Basin Mt. Zirkel Rocky Mt

Washington-Oregon: Fine Soil Percentiles Fine dust Columbia RG Crater Lake Columbia G. Glacier NP Sula MT

San Joaquin Valley: Fine Soil Percentiles Fine dust Lassen VolcanDeath Valley Pinnacles Bliss StatePark Yosemite

Mountain Passes and Valleys: Fine Soil Percentiles Fine dust San GorgonioDeath Valley Sequoia South Tahoe Snoqualamie

Western US Coastal Sites: Fine Soil Percentiles Fine dust Mauna LoaPuget Sound Point Reyes Haleakala Redwood Denali

Big Bend and Guadalupe: Fine Soil Percentiles Fine dust Guadalupe Big Bend

South WUS: Tot. Carbon + 'Unknown' Percentiles Tonto Bandelier Petrified F. Saguaro NM Chiricahua

Southwest : Tot. Carbon + 'Unknown' Percentiles Bryce Canyon Mesa Verde Hopi Point Weminuche W G Sand Dunes Canyonlands White River

Idaho: Tot. Carbon + 'Unknown' Percentiles Sawtooth Crater Moon Salmon Scoville Three Sisters

Bridger, WY Nevada-WY: Tot. Carbon + 'Unknown' Percentiles Jarbidge Yellowstone Lone Peak Rocky Mt Great Basin Mt. Zirkel

Washington-OR: Tot. Carbon + 'Unknown' Percentiles Columbia RG Crater Lake Columbia G. Glacier NP Sula MT

San Joaquin V: Tot. Carbon + 'Unknown' Percentiles Lassen VolcanDeath Valley Pinnacles Bliss StatePark Yosemite

Mntn and Val: Tot. Carbon + 'Unknown' Percentiles San GorgonioDeath Valley Sequoia South Tahoe Snoqualamie

WUS Coastal : Tot. Carbon + 'Unknown' Percentiles Mauna LoaPuget Sound Point Reyes Haleakala Redwood Denali

BigB and Gu: Tot. Carbon + 'Unknown' Percentiles Guadalupe Big Bend

South WUS: Smoke Organics Percentiles Tonto Bandelier Petrified F. Saguaro NM Chiricahua

Southwest : Smoke Organics Percentiles Bryce Canyon Mesa Verde Hopi Point Weminuche W G Sand Dunes Canyonlands White River

Idaho: Smoke Organics Percentiles Sawtooth Crater Moon Salmon Scoville Three Sisters

Bridger, WY Nevada-Wyoming: Smoke Organics Percentiles Jarbidge Yellowstone Lone Peak Brooklyn L Great Basin Mt. Zirkel Rocky Mt

Washington-Oregon: Smoke Organics Percentiles Columbia RG Crater Lake Columbia G. Glacier NP Sula MT

San Joaquin Valley: Smoke Organics Percentiles Lassen VolcanDeath Valley Pinnacles Bliss StatePark Yosemite

Mntn and Valleys: Smoke Organics Percentiles San GorgonioDeath Valley Sequoia South Tahoe Snoqualamie

WUS Coastal Sites: Smoke Organics Percentiles Mauna LoaPuget Sound Point Reyes Haleakala Redwood Denali

Big Bend and Guadalu: Smoke Organics Percentiles Guadalupe Big Bend