Presented by NSF Project Team May 14, 2003 …Building Empowered Communities Building Empowered Communities This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author (s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.

Presentation Outline Overview of Fall 2002 semester work Vision, Mission, and Goals Research Design Development

Overview of Fall 2002 Data collection Needs assessment Use cases and role models Flowcharts Wire frames

ADDIE Model

Vision, Mission, Goals Vision: Building empowered communities Mission: Create a foundation for a self-sustaining, self- directed learning community that fosters capacity building in underserved communities

Vision, Mission, Goals (cont.) Goals: Prioritize functions of Self Directed Learning Community Implement functions of Self Directed Learning Community Document the process of system design (i.e. design document) Produce a scalable high-fidelity prototype of an online system

Vision, Mission, Goals (cont.) Approach: Open communication Research a Community of Practice Participatory Design Performance Centered Design

Research

Views of Culture Traditional definition Stable practices that capture daily life Passed down through generations Dynamic & improvisational Participation in multiple communities Self-identity in relation to others

Views of Culture Modern Definition Discourse Community –People, ways of thinking, acting, valuing Funds of Knowledge –Strategic knowledge

Implications Implications on Instructional Systems Design Framework based on majority Participatory design Funds of knowledge

Capacity Building Characteristics of: Sense of Community Commitment from community members Members participate as stakeholders Ability to solve problems Access resources – economic, physical, human, and political (Chaskin)

Communities of Practice “Communities of Practice are groups of people who share a concern, a set of problems, or a passion about a topic, and who deepen their knowledge and expertise in this area by interacting on an ongoing basis.” (Wenger, McDermott, & Snyder, 2002, p. 4)

Why Communities of Practice Practical knowledge management Not limited by physical, geographical boundaries Creates value to members “Offers possibilities for weaving the organization around knowledge, connecting people, solving problems, and creating opportunities.” (Wenger et al., 2002)

Virtual Communities Language and artifacts reflect culture Identity and norms from shared history and behavioral rules Develop processes that spur participation Support new organizational roles Give community members “space” to participate Flexible ways for communities to describe and find resources Flexible support to manage growth

Participatory Design What is it? “Participatory design is a set of theories, practices, and studies related to end-users as full participants in activities leading to software and hardware computer products and computer- based activities.” (Schuler & Namioka, 1993) Level of participation How involved do we want them?

Participatory Design (cont.) Settings Workshops Stories Photographs Drama Games Language Descriptive Artifacts Low Tech Prototypes Evolutional Prototyping and Cooperative Prototyping

Participatory Design (cont.) Implications: Improved communication and understanding Incorporation of new and emergent ideas Shared ownership Committed working relations Achieving consequential goals

Usage-Centered Design “What really counts is not the number of clicks it takes me to get to what I want, but rather how hard each click is - the amount of thought required, and the amount of uncertainty about whether I’m making the right choice.” (Krug, 2000, p.41)

Visual Design Look and Feel Functionality “Creating consistent and functional systems for navigation, graphics, page layout, and title languages so that the user knows where to go, what to do, and it encourages them to return.” (Goto & Cotler, p. 88)

Design Process Function Flow

Vision, Mission, Goals Needs Assessment Participatory Design Research Flow Charts Categories Pages Social Negotiation Reference Research The Pyramid Process of Design

Vision, Mission, Goals Needs Assessment Research Flow Charts Categories Pages Reference Research Social Negotiation The Pyramid Process of Design Vision, Mission, Goals Needs Assessment Research Participatory Design

Functions Revision Learn Practice Play Communication Create Resources Resource Storage Track Access Resources Interact Communication Create Resources Store Track Access

Functions Flow Interact Communication Create resources Store Track Access Log In Interact Chat Discussion Board Add Delete Edit Track Search Log In

Prioritization What is critical to the system? What do we have the time to do? What do we have the resources to do? What does the client want/need?

Vision, Mission, Goals Needs Assessment Participatory Design Research Flow Charts Categories Pages Social Negotiation Reference Research The Pyramid Process of Design Flow Charts

Vision, Mission, Goals Needs Assessment Participatory Design Research Flow Charts Pages Social Negotiation Reference Research The Pyramid Process of Design Categories

Vision, Mission, Goals Needs Assessment Participatory Design Research Flow Charts Categories Content Social Negotiation Reference Research The Pyramid Process of Design Pages

From the Abstract into the Concrete Take the functions and make them real Take the categories and make them real

Functions What are users going to do? Communicate = , chat, discussion board, administrator, ( this page), (listserve) Add/Delete/Modify content Login to the system (Interact - learn, practice, play) (Search)

Site Structure Communicate Information Events Classes

Participatory Design Four client design meetings Three usability rounds with user role models at the community center Nomenclature Structure Content Colors and Fonts One round with the Buckingham Neighborhood Committee

Participatory Design Client design meetings –Functions –Prioritization –Structure and nomenclature –Test wireframes

Usability Testing - Round One Nomenclature and Structure Meeting Place = Communicate ( /chat) Discussion Board = Communicate (discussion board) Administrator = Communicate ( ) Life Skills = Information What’s Happening = Events Education = Classes Lost? = Site Map

Usability Testing – Round Two Nomenclature and Structure or Chat = Meeting Place Information, My World, Keepin’ It Real = Life Skills Things to Do, Fun, Style = What’s Happening Classes and School House = Education Send Suggestion = Administrator Site Map = Site Map

Usability Testing - Round Three Visual Design/Colors and Fonts Color palette for adults, kids and teensadultskids teens Font selection for kids and teenskids and teens

Visual Design - The Logo Adults Kids Teens

Taking the Show on the Road Demonstration/Test at the Buckingham Neighborhood Committee Advisor/Provider role models

What About BOB?

References Goto, K. & Cotler, E. (2002). Web redesign: Workflow that works. Indianapolis: New Riders Publishing. Krug, S. (2000). Don’t make me think! A common sense approach to web usability. Indianapolis: New Riders Publishing. Schuler, D. & Namioka, A. (1993). Participatory design: Principles and practices. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Wenger, E., McDermott, R., & Snyder, W. (2002). Cultivating communities of practice. Massachusetts: Harvard Business School Press.