Today’s Schedule Turn in Scavenger Hunt Warm Up Binder Check PPT: Early Americans WS: Native American Maps HW- Rd. 1.4 & 2.1, Native Map WARM UP: What Native American groups are you familiar with? How do you know these groups (i.e. TV, films, town names, etc.)

Coming to America DNA evidence suggests 20,000 years ago Earliest documentation of first arrival into Alaska Crossed Bering Strait from Asia to Alaska Much ocean water was in glacier form Exposed a natural land bridge

Clovis Culture Named after Clovis, New Mexico where first found in 1932 Large archeological dig in Cactus Hill area of Sussex Co., VA Uncovered many remains believed to be from Clovis Culture

New Evidence of an Earlier Culture Long believed to be the first culture in America New evidence shows culture present in North and South America Current radiocarbon dating compared to past evidence would require them to arrive in South America in 200 years?! Not likely possible No evidence left behind from supposed trail from Siberia to Alaska

Nine Regions of Native Americans Arctic Pacific Northwest California Plateau Great Basin Southwest Plains Northeast Southeast

Arctic Native Americans Name: Inuit and Yupik Many groups included in this category, including Eskimo Location: Arctic Canada and present Alaska Food: Fished (salmon, whale) and hunted (caribou) Housing: Lived in wooden homes with animal skin/fur Dog sledding main form of transportation

Northwest Coast Name: Spokane, Tlingit Location: Pacific Northwest Food: Fished (salmon) and gathered (berries) Housing: Longhouses made of cedar Transportation: Canoes

Native American Structure Societies organized according to family relationships (kinships) Further organized by clans A group of kinships from a common ancestor

Native American Religions Religion based on belief in a powerful spiritual world Creation stories often depict man as a descendent from animals Reason for strong relationship of respect Belief in several deities who control each part of life Complex set of rituals for every aspect of life A shaman is the spiritual leader of a tribe

Relationship to Land Belief that land could not be owned Land and nature was provided by deities for sustainable use Powerful source of conflict when Europeans arrived

Trading Trading occurred within tribal groups and with other tribal groups Traded for items needed and as a sign of respect Created trade routes throughout America