Models of Colonization

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Presentation transcript:

Models of Colonization Period 2: 1607-1754 Models of Colonization

Periodization Jamestown-1607 French-Indian War-1754

European Colonies: Spanish Spanish Santa Fe—1609 Spanish men, pueblo women=mestizo population

European Colonies: French Quebec—1608 Coureurs de bois Focused on alliances with native populations Hurons Intermarriage Fur Trade

European Colonies: Dutch Gained independence in 1581 Henry Hudson—Fort Orange—1609 New Amsterdam Elaborate international trading and shipping Dutch West India Company Alliances with American Indians (Iroquois) “Wall Street”

British Colonial Settlements

British Colonies 1) Chesapeake Bay Colonies 2) New England Colonies 3) Middle Colonies

Chesapeake Bay—Virginia Virginia Company—1607--Jamestown Joint-stock companies Private investors shared risk and profit Immigration bankrolled by wealthy colonist for labor

Chesapeake Bay—Virginia 1619 was a big year House of Burgesses Significance? Dutch dropped off the first African slaves 90 women arrived Scarcity of women created increased opportunity for influence

Chesapeake Bay—Virginia Tobacco cultivation Headright system Consistent conflict with Algonquian Powhatan Confederacy Powhatan uprising of 1622 By 1670, Indian population was 2,000 and Virginia was 40,000

Chesapeake Bay: Maryland 1632—Proprietary Colony King Charles granted 10 million acres to Calvert family Lord Baltimore Catholic Economic growth & stability=tobacco and shipping access

New England Colonies Plymouth Colony William Bradford Separatists (1620-1691) Self-sustaining community William Bradford Separatists Virginia Company Mayflower Compact—1620 Significance?

New England Colonies Massachusetts Bay Colony (1629) “City on a Hill” 13 years=20,000 settlers John Winthrop Joint-stock—Mass. Bay Company Self-governing Divine mission

Puritans Very structured society “Puritans and Sex” Salem Witch Trials—1692 Mistrust of women Unmarried, childless, widows, assertive Gender Roles

Middle Colonies New York—Duke of York defeated Dutch-1664 New Jersey—1702 Both very diverse populations Unruly ethnic mix Pennsylvania Delaware

Pennsylvania William Penn—1681 Quakers “City of Brotherly Love” Gender equality Religious openess 50 years peace w/ American Indians Economic diversity

Southern Colonies Carolinas—1669 Georgia—1732 North=small farming South=settlers from Barbados & slavery Georgia—1732 Social experiment (failed) Buffer between Spanish Florida (success) James Ogelthorpe

HTS Practice 1) Timeline of colonial establishments 2) Compare/Contrast

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