Cold War Conflicts Korean War, Vietnam War, and Cuban Missile Crisis

Korean War - Background Korea was a Japanese colony Korea was a Japanese colony After World War II, U.S. and Soviet Union divided Korea into two sections (38th parallel) After World War II, U.S. and Soviet Union divided Korea into two sections (38th parallel) a. North Korea (Soviet Union) a. North Korea (Soviet Union) b. South Korea (U.S.) b. South Korea (U.S.)

Korean War

Korean War – Cause 1950  North Korea invaded South Korea in order to unite Korea 1950  North Korea invaded South Korea in order to unite Korea

Korean War – Key Events 1950  U.S. and United Nations forces pushed North Korean forces back behind the 38th parallel 1950  U.S. and United Nations forces pushed North Korean forces back behind the 38th parallel 1951  Chinese and North Korean forces pushed United Nations forces back behind the 38th parallel and into South Korea 1951  Chinese and North Korean forces pushed United Nations forces back behind the 38th parallel and into South Korea

Korean War - Result 1953  Korean War ended (38th parallel divides North Korea from South Korea) 1953  Korean War ended (38th parallel divides North Korea from South Korea)

Korean War – Key Terms United Nations (peacekeeping organization)  Korean War represented first UN action United Nations (peacekeeping organization)  Korean War represented first UN action

Vietnam War - Background Vietnam was a French colony (French Indochina) Vietnam was a French colony (French Indochina) Vietnamese forced the French to leave Vietnamese forced the French to leave Ho Chi Minh (communist leader) dominated North Vietnam Ho Chi Minh (communist leader) dominated North Vietnam Geneva Conference (1954)  temporary division of Vietnam Geneva Conference (1954)  temporary division of Vietnam a. North  communist a. North  communist b. South  non-communist b. South  non-communist

Vietnam War - Causes Ho Chi Minh wanted to unite Vietnam under Northern rule (communist rule) Ho Chi Minh wanted to unite Vietnam under Northern rule (communist rule) Ho Chi Minh encouraged communist rebels to overthrow South Vietnamese government Ho Chi Minh encouraged communist rebels to overthrow South Vietnamese government

Vietnam War - Events Increased American involvement Increased American involvement a. President Eisenhower  sent military a. President Eisenhower  sent military advisors and supplies to South Vietnam advisors and supplies to South Vietnam b. President Kennedy  more military advisors b. President Kennedy  more military advisors and weapons to South Vietnam and weapons to South Vietnam c. President Johnson  sent American troops to c. President Johnson  sent American troops to fight the North Vietnamese fight the North Vietnamese d. President Nixon  cease-fire and the d. President Nixon  cease-fire and the withdrawal of American troops beginning in withdrawal of American troops beginning in

Vietnam War - Results U.S. troops left Vietnam U.S. troops left Vietnam Unification of Vietnam (communist country) Unification of Vietnam (communist country)

Vietnam War – Key Terms Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964)  Congress authorized President Johnson to increase American involvement in Vietnam Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964)  Congress authorized President Johnson to increase American involvement in Vietnam Vietnamization  Nixon's administrations policy of building up South Vietnamese forces while gradually withdrawing American troops Vietnamization  Nixon's administrations policy of building up South Vietnamese forces while gradually withdrawing American troops Domino Theory  If Vietnam became a communist country, the countries adjacent to (surrounding) Vietnam would also become communist countries Domino Theory  If Vietnam became a communist country, the countries adjacent to (surrounding) Vietnam would also become communist countries

Vietnam War – Key Terms Dove  Someone opposed to American involvement in the war Dove  Someone opposed to American involvement in the war Hawk  a person who supported American involvement in the war Hawk  a person who supported American involvement in the war

Cuban Missile Crisis – Background 1959  Fidel Castro came to power in Cuba 1959  Fidel Castro came to power in Cuba Cuba became a communist state Cuba became a communist state 1961  Bay of Pigs 1961  Bay of Pigs a. U.S. (President Kennedy) supported a plan a. U.S. (President Kennedy) supported a plan by anti-Castro exiles (people forced to leave by anti-Castro exiles (people forced to leave Cuba when Castro came to power) to invade Cuba and lead an "uprising" against Castro Cuba when Castro came to power) to invade Cuba and lead an "uprising" against Castro b. Failed b. Failedhttp://  U.S. imposed a trade embargo on Cuba 1962  U.S. imposed a trade embargo on Cuba

CIA Tries to Kill Castro war/cold-war-history/videos/history-rocks- castro-must- die?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1 &free=false war/cold-war-history/videos/history-rocks- castro-must- die?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1 &free=false

Cuban Missile Crisis - Cause Castro asked the Soviet Union for help Castro asked the Soviet Union for help  Soviet Union built nuclear missile bases in Cuba

Cuban Missile Crisis October 1962  President Kennedy demanded the immediate removal of nuclear missiles October 1962  President Kennedy demanded the immediate removal of nuclear missiles U.S. created a naval blockade of Cuba. U.S. created a naval blockade of Cuba. Period of tension between Soviet Union and United States Period of tension between Soviet Union and United States

Cuban Missile Crisis - Results Soviet Union removed nuclear missiles Soviet Union removed nuclear missiles U.S. promised not to invade Cuba U.S. promised not to invade Cuba