The Colonization of Australia

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Presentation transcript:

The Colonization of Australia SS6H6c. The student will trace the colonization of Australia by the United Kingdom.

The Aborigines First settled 40 – 60 thousand years ago in Northern Australia. Europeans called them Aborigines Formed different groups in different parts of Australia Spoke different languages Developed their own culture.

Early Aboriginal Culture Traveled in small groups called clans Shared a common language and religion Elders led the clan and made decisions

Early Aboriginal Culture They were hunter-gatherers Used bones, wood, and stones to construct tools and weapons Religious beliefs centered on the environment Valued art

European Exploration and Colonization Captain James Cook 1770 – arrived in Australia Claimed territory for Great Britain First British settlement was Sydney

Guns, Alcohol, and Disease Europeans traded with Australia Sent natural resources from Australia to Great Britain European colonists worked at farming and mining

Guns, Alcohol, and Disease Brought advanced weapons which caused deadly wars with the Aborigines Waged war to drive Aborigines from the coastal area. Destroyed many Aboriginal groups with advanced weapons

Guns, Alcohol, and Disease Aborigines fought back, but lost battles. Forced to live on reservation in the interior

Guns, Alcohol, and Disease Also introduced alcohol – many abused it so fighting increased Brought diseases Bodies had no natural defense from these diseases Thousands of people died

The Prison Colony 1788 - Used as a place to send criminals By 1852, when they ended the practice, over 150,000 prisoners sent

Colonization of Australia British established the country of Australia in 1901 Made laws for Aboriginal people who survived. Limited where they could live and work Took mixed children from their home

Colonization of Australia British hoped to end Aboriginal culture 1960’s – government started to change some of the policies

On a separate piece of paper, answer the following: Australia used to be a part of what colony? Why is Captain James Cook famous? How did weapons, guns, and European diseases affect the Aborigines?