Construction Residential
Houses
Definition of a House: A structure serving as a dwelling for one or more persons, especially for a family
Housing
Building a House Grading and site preparationUnderlayment Foundation constructionTrim FramingPainting Installation of windows and doorsFinish electrical RoofingBathroom and kitchen counters and cabinets SidingFinish plumbing Rough plumbingCarpet and flooring Rough electricalFinish HVAC Rough HVACHookup to water main, or well drilling InsulationHookup to sewer or installation of a septic system DrywallPunch list
Grading and Site Preparation Clear site of trees, rocks, debris. Level the site. Dig for the foundation.
Grading and Site Preparation
Grading and Site Preparation
Grading and Site Preparation
Foundation Construction TypesMaterialsParts Slab Basement Crawl Space Concrete with Rebar Cinder Block with Mortar Gravel Drain Tile Wall I Beam Footer Posts & Piers
Slab
Basement
Crawl Space
Crawl Space
Floor Construction Materials 2”x10” Joists 1”x8” Sill Plate Anchor Bolts 3 – 2”x10” Joists or steel I-Beam for Center Beam ½” Plywood for covering
Floor Construction
Floor Construction
Floor Construction
Floor Construction
Floor Construction
Floor Construction
Floor Construction
Floor Construction
Framing 2”x4” Studs (16” apart) 2”x4” Top Plates 2”x4” Sole Plate ½” Sheathing (External) ½” Fire Wall (External) 2-2”x10” Header
Framing
Framing
Framing
Framing
Framing
Framing
Framing
Framing
Framing
Framing
Framing
Framing
Roofing 2”x4” Trusses (24” apart) Sheet Metal Plates ½” Sheathing (plywood) Building Paper (Tar Paper) Shingles Ridge Vent Flashing (aluminum)
Roofing – “W” Truss
Roofing – “M” Truss
Roofing – “Scissor” Truss
Roofing – “Gable” Truss
Roofing – Vaulted Ceiling
Roofing
Roofing
Roofing
Roofing
Roofing
Roofing
Roofing
Roofing
Roofing
Roofing
Roofing
Windows & Doors
Windows & Doors
Windows & Doors
Windows & Doors
Windows & Doors
Siding
Siding
Siding
Rough Plumbing Sinks Fixtures Toilets Fixtures Washer & Dryer Fixtures Tub & Shower Fixtures Hot Water Tank Septic Tank or Sewer System Vent Pipe P-Trap
Rough Plumbing
Rough Plumbing
Rough Plumbing
Rough Plumbing
Rough Plumbing
Rough Plumbing
Rough Plumbing
Rough Plumbing
Rough Plumbing
Rough Plumbing
Rough Electrical Outlets (120 watts & 220 watts) Lights Switches Fuse Box
Rough Electrical
Rough Electrical
Rough Electrical
Rough Electrical
Insulation Foam Channels from Soffit Vents to Ridge Vents in Eaves Fiberglass Insulation Plastic Covering (Vapor Barrier)
Insulation
Insulation
Insulation
Drywall Plaster Board or Sheetrock Drywall Tape Drywall Mud (Spackling Compound)
Drywall
Drywall
Drywall
Underlayment The plywood put down during the initial framing is called subflooring. Generally it is covered by tar paper or 4-mil-thick plastic as a vapor barrier and then by 5/8- inch particle board. Alternatively, it may be covered with rigid concrete wonder board for tile installations.
Rough HVAC Heating and Air Conditioning Vents & Ducts
Finish Electrical Fixtures Outlets Switches Cover Plates
Bathroom and Kitchen Counters and Cabinets The cabinet company will install kitchen and bathroom cabinets. They are simply aligned on the wall and screwed into the wall studs. Countertops are screwed on top of the cabinets.
Finish Plumbing Once the cabinets are in, the plumber will return and install sinks, toilets and faucets. The plumber will also install the water heater if it was not installed during rough plumbing.water heater
Hookup to Water Main, or Well Drilling & Hookup to Sewer or Installation of a Septic System Depending on where the house is located, it will either have a private well and septic system or it will hook up to municipal water and sewer lines. If a private well and septic tank are needed, the contractor will bring in a well- drilling subcontractor and a septic-tank subcontractor. Otherwise, the contractor will call someone (either the municipality or a subcontractor) to extend the municipal lines to the house. The plumber will hook up the water and sewer lines.
Trim Once the cabinets are in, the interior doors are installed and the molding around the doors, windows and baseboards goes in.
Painting Once the molding is on, it is time to paint and wallpaper the interior of the house.
Carpet and Flooring
Punch List At this point, the builder inspects the house, noting any problems. All problems are tabulated on a punch list. The different contractors return to fix all of the problems.