UNIT 9 Chapter 27 – The Age of Imperialism

CHAPTER 27 The Age of Imperialism, 1850–1914 CASE STUDY: Imperialism Western countries colonize large areas of Africa and Asia, leading to political and cultural changes. Soldiers fighting in Boer War (South African War, 1899–1902). SECTION 1 The Scramble for Africa SECTION 2 CASE STUDY: Imperialism SECTION 3 Europeans Claim Muslim Lands SECTION 4 British Imperialism in India SECTION 5 Imperialism in Southeast Asia

CORE OBJECTIVE: Trace the spread of European influence through Imperialism. Objective 9.2: Explain the different form of colonial control. Objective 9.3: Describe the changes in the Middle East during the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. Objective 9.4: Weigh the pros and cons of British rule of India. Objective 9.5: Explain the role of Europe throughout Southeast Asia.

Chapter 27 SECTION 2 – IMPERIALISM IN AFRICA Europeans embark on a new phase of empire building that affects both Africa and the rest of the world.

HOW IMPERIALISM WORKS Europeans want to control all aspects of their colonies: influence political, social lives of people shape economies to benefit Europe want people to adopt European customs Europeans develop four forms of control of territory: Colony (direct) — governed by a foreign power Protectorate (indirect) — governs itself, but under outside control Sphere of Influence — outside power controls investment, trading Economic Imperialism — private business interests assert control WRITE THIS DOWN!

TYPES OF IMPERIALISM Europeans use two methods to manage colonies: direct control indirect control Indirect Control Country is ruled by local governments under foreign authority Legislative body includes colonial, local officials Direct Control Paternalism — Europeans provide for local people, but grant no rights Assimilation — adaptation of local people to ruling culture WRITE THIS DOWN!

AN IMPERIALISM EXAMPLE: NIGERIA

NIGERIA: A BRITISH COLONY Gaining Control Britain conquers southern Nigeria using both diplomacy and force Conquest of northern Nigeria through Royal Niger Company In 1914, Britain claims all of Nigeria as a colony Managing the Colony Nigeria is culturally diverse area, with about 250 ethnic groups British use indirect rule successfully with Hausa-Fulani (Muslim organized state) Yoruba and Igbo chiefs resent limits on their power (tribal organization)

ETHIOPIAN RESISTANCE

AFRICAN RESISTANCE Ethiopia: A Successful Resistance Africans Confront Imperialism Broad resistance to imperialism, but Europeans have superior weapons Unsuccessful Movements Algeria actively resists French for almost 50 years Samori Touré fights French in West Africa for 16 years In German East Africa, people put faith in spiritual defense Results in about 75,000 deaths; famine kills twice as many Ethiopia: A Successful Resistance Menelik II, emperor of Ethiopia in 1889, resists Europeans plays Europeans against each other stockpiles modern weapons defeats Italy, remains independent WRITE THIS DOWN!

LEGACY OF COLONIAL RULE Negative Effects Africans lose land and independence, many lose lives Traditional cultures break down Division of Africa creates problems that continue today Positive Effects Colonialism reduces local fighting Sanitation improves; hospitals and schools created Technology brings economic growth WRITE THIS DOWN!

CRASH COURSE Imperialism https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=alJaltUmrGo&list=PLBDA2 E52FB1EF80C9&index=35

Origins of the French Revolution—Assessment Which of these is NOT a natural resource Britain had for Industrialization? (A) Iron (B) Rivers (C) Capital (D) Coal Which of these is Not a factor of production? (A) Harbors (B) Land (C) Labor (D) Capital

Origins of the French Revolution—Assessment Which of these is NOT a natural resource Britain had for Industrialization? (A) Iron (B) Rivers (C) Capital (D) Coal Which of these is Not a factor of production? (A) Harbors (B) Land (C) Labor (D) Capital

Vocabulary Assessment Urbanization is the (A) Process of work in a society being done by machines (B) Immigration from one country to another (C) Business growth through new inventions (D) Movement of people to cities An economic system in which all means of production are owned by the people. Private property does not exist and goods are shared equally. (A) Capitalism (B) Communism (C) Socialism (D) Feudalism

Vocabulary Assessment Urbanization is the (A) Process of work in a society being done by machines (B) Immigration from one country to another (C) Business growth through new inventions (D) Movement of people to cities An economic system in which all means of production are owned by the people. Private property does not exist and goods are shared equally. (A) Capitalism (B) Communism (C) Socialism (D) Feudalism