By: Dr. Mahmood Ahmadpour Daryani In The Name of Allah Entrepreneurship in Iran By: Dr. Mahmood Ahmadpour Daryani

“Entrepreneurship” in Iran Why some managers are more successful than others? What’s the difference between them? This Question 1995 Researches about These differences The Word “Entrepreneurship” Choose as My Doctorate Thesis Subject More Researches about “Entrepreneurship” in Iran

My Research Results

Historical Background Before Revolution 1-1- French Researchers Group in Iran. 1950 The Research Subject Was on “Contractors” 1-2- Mr. Vafayee Research on distinguished Iranian Entrepreneurs. 1975 After Revolution 1-3- A Book was translated by Mr. “Nabeeian” 1985

Academic Researches There was no academic research since 1995! I choose my thesis subject on : “Modeling Intrapreneurial Training Course” So, I wrote a book about entrepreneurship as: “Entrepreneurship; Definitions, Models & Comments”

My Thesis Results

My Thesis Results There were not Entrepreneurship Teachers There were no Entrepreneurship Center There was no Training Course for Entrepreneurs There were no Research about Entrepreneurship There were no Governmental support acts & laws

Industrial Engineering Academic Activities So I Decided to Come to Amirkabir University According to Universities Capabilities Industrial Engineering Student I Suggested: Entrepreneurship Course Management Student Rejected!

Academic Activities “Karad” (Entrepreneurship in Universities) Ministry of Science & Technology: “Karad” (Entrepreneurship in Universities) All Universities Should have an Entrepreneurship Center (15-50 centers) Determination of Strategies & Policies on : Education Outreach Consultation Research Allocating Budgets Holding & Briefing of all Universities’ Head Quarters & Director of Boards

Entrepreneurship Center Academic Activities Establishing Amirkabir University’s Entrepreneurship Center 2000

1- Education 2- Research 3- Awareness Programs 4- Consulting Academic Activities Amirkabir University’s Entrepreneurship Center : 1- Education 2- Research 3- Awareness Programs 4- Consulting

1- Education Academic Activities Entrepreneurship Training in more than 5 Dormitories Entrepreneurship Training in University Entrepreneurship Basics Course Entrepreneurship in IT course Entrepreneurship Workshops in more than 25 universities Entrepreneurship Seminars in more than 50 Companies

2- Research (in Amirkabir university) Academic Activities 2- Research (in Amirkabir university) 200 Entrepreneurs’ success story (technology & Services) 50 IT Entrepreneurs’ success story 50 Social Entrepreneurs’ success story Entrepreneurship Development Strategy Entrepreneurs’ Characteristics Entrepreneurship Development Strategy in Universities Culture & Entrepreneurship Organizational Structure of Entrepreneurship Training Centers Entrepreneurship Experiences in 26 countries Companies Failure Reasons (50 companies) SMEs Entrepreneurs Training Courses (in Starting Stage) SMEs Entrepreneurs Training Courses (in Running Stage) SMEs Entrepreneurs Training Courses (in Growing & Export Stage)

2- Research – (Results) Academic Activities In Reality We have a lot of entrepreneurs… They called as “Producer”, “Contractor”, ... There wasn’t any training course for them There was no governmental support… There wasn’t right DEFINITION for Entrepreneurship! We Should Educate Entrepreneurship Course in High Schools

Business & Entrepreneurship Telescopic Model Academic Activities 2- Research & Activities Results Knowledge Specialty Work Experience Business Skills Management Financial English Language Marketing IT Entrepreneurship Creativity Innovation Grow Need for Achievement Risk Taking Determination Business & Entrepreneurship Telescopic Model

2- Research & Activities Results Academic Activities 2- Research & Activities Results Business Enterprises University Entrepreneurship Supporters (Banks, Insurances, Media, NGOs…) School Government Family Parliament Person Entrepreneur President Comprehensive Entrepreneurship Model Entrepreneurship Dev. Is a longitudinal Process

3- Awareness Programs Academic Activities Entrepreneurship Seminars (more than 50 Seminars) Developing a Website (www.karafariny.com) Publishing Books (10 Books) Catalogues & brochures Multimedia CDs & VCDs Entrepreneurship Festival

4- Consulting Academic Activities University Students Graduated Students Entrepreneurs

Government And Entrepreneurship

Government & Entrepreneurship Before Revolution 1979 During 1981 – 1989 Construction & Political Development Era (1990 – 2005) New Government (Current Year)

Before Revolution 1979 Formation of Private Sector Starting of more than 500 Entrepreneurs

During 1981 – 1989 Developments were mainly by Government SMEs Progress was Very Slow Business Formation Rate was very Little

Construction & Political Development Era (1990 – 2005) Governmental Development Continue to Gain Private Sector Development was Starting to Grow Rapidly Establishing Private Banks, Private Insurance

Construction & Political Development Era (1990 – 2005) IDRO _ Entrepreneurship Dev. Co. Helping Companies to Grow Investment on High Tech Companies Starting Big Projects Financial Support of more than 200 small Business Developing 10 SBDCs (small business development center) Cooperating in Entrepreneurial Plans Getting University Students’ Ideas & Helping them Helping Entrepreneurs in Sale, Marketing, … Finding Persian Books & Magazines & Articles (more than 3000) Related to Entrepreneurship Ministry of Labor Educating Some Technical Skills $2500 to $4500 Loan for each new small Business

Construction & Political Development Era (1990 – 2005) Small Industries & Industrial Parks org. Industrial Infrastructure for Investment (331 Industrial city) Entrepreneurs Supports (1723 SMEs) More than 3000 Loans to small Business Establishing an Industrial Incubator Establishing 3 Technologic Parks Training Courses & Workshops Graduated Students Support to start a small business Media TV Programs about Entrepreneurship Magazine Newspaper Iranian Websites on Entrepreneurship (more than 30)

New Government (Current Year) Ministry of Labor Programs for Entrepreneurship: Increasing Entrepreneurship Budget “Establishing 100,000 Small Business in Year” Plan Training Courses for Young Entrepreneurs Increasing Loans & Supports Supporting Marketing, Financial, Management, Legal needs for SMEs

Conclusion Entrepreneurship Challenges

Challenges More Coordination Between Educational & Industrial & Services Ministries Training at least 100 Entrepreneurship Teachers Increasing Yearly Entrepreneurship Festivals Developing awareness Programs through Media Sectors Publishing more Books about Entrepreneurship Establishing more than 100 Entrepreneurship Consulting & Training Institutions

Challenges Researches on Different Entrepreneurial Subjects Increasing Governmental Support on Entrepreneurs Developing Business towards better Competition & Stable Investment Environment Reinforcing Business Values & Ethics on Families, Schools & Universities as the core Center of Business Formation Therefore, Developing more business & Entrepreneurial Skills through Educational Systems Business Permition is Scattered among 17 Ministries

Challenges Statistical Number of Businesses Formation is Unknown Rate of Business Formation per year is Unknown Strategies of Development in Different Sectors such as Industries, Services, ICT, New Technologies due to competitive advantageness are unknown

Thank You