Visualizing Technology Chapter 9 – Networks and Communication Become our fan at Facebook Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

CHAPTER 9 Discuss the importance of computer networks. Compare different types of LANs and WANs. List and describe the hardware used in both wired and wireless networks. List and describe the software and protocols used in both wired and wireless networks. Explain how to protect a network. Identify the certifications and careers related to computer networks. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

CHAPTER 9 – RUNNING PROJECT Questions about computer networks and communication. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Article 1 – From Sneakernet to Hotspots Objective 1 – Discuss the importance of computer networks. A computer network is two or more computers that share resources. Network resources can be software, hardware, or files. Computer networks save us both time and money and make it easier for us to work. Before computers were connected in networks, moving files between them involved physically putting them on a sign and carrying the disk to the new machine. This is referred to as “sneakernet” Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Peer-to-Peer Networks Home P2P network (below) No centralized authority Workgroup Article 1 – From Sneakernet to Hotspots | Objective 1 – Discuss the importance of computer networks. Figure 9.1 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Windows 7 Network and Sharing Center Configure sharing options Printer connected to desktop – share printer with notebook through home network Network map Article 1 – From Sneakernet to Hotspots | Objective 1 – Discuss the importance of computer networks. Figure 9.2 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Network a group of W7 computers Homegroup Network a group of W7 computers Share pictures, music, video libraries and printers Home Premium Professional Ultimate Enterprise Homegroup set up (right) GEOGHAND-TAB (vista) Article 1 – From Sneakernet to Hotspots | Objective 1 – Discuss the importance of computer networks. Figure 9.4 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Client-Server Networks Server provides centralized network Log in Access granted to resources Article 1 – From Sneakernet to Hotspots | Objective 1 – Discuss the importance of computer networks. Figure 9.7 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Windows Home Server A network operating system specifically designed to be used on a home network. Use the Internet to find out more about it. What features does it include? What are the hardware requirements? How much does it cost? Is it worth it? Article 1 – From Sneakernet to Hotspots | Objective 1 – Discuss the importance of computer networks. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Server Multiuser computer system Runs a networking OS (NOS) Provides services Clients Small to large Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Key Terms 3 Things You Need to Know Running Project Computer network Client client-server network computer network homegroup network resource P2P server workgroup 3 Things You Need to Know Computer network P2P Client-server network Running Project Examine the network settings on your computer as described in this article. Does it belong to a workgroup? A homegroup? A client-server network? What resources does it share? Include a screen shot of the Network and Sharing Center and other screen that you used to find this information. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

How To – Share Files and Printers using a Windows Homegroup Part A – Create a Homegroup Check if your computer belongs to a homegroup. Open Windows Explorer. Click Homegroup. If one doesn’t exist, you can create one. Click Create a homegroup. Take a screen shot of this window and paste it into your document. If you don’t see the option, skip to Part B. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

8. Choose what you want to share and then click Next. 9. Which resources were shared by default? Which resources did you choose to share? 10. A homegroup password is automatically generated. Use this password on your other Windows 7 computers to join the homegroup. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Part B – Join a Homegroup Open Windows Explorer, click Homegroup. If you don’t belong to a Homegroup but Windows detects one, you’ll see the message Share with other home computers running W7. Click Join now. If you already belong to a homegroup, skip to Part C. Choose what you want and click Next. Click Finish. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Part C – Examine Homegroup Settings On a computer that belongs to a homegroup, open the Network and Sharing Center by clicking the network icon on the taskbar. Click Choose homegroup and sharing options. Under Share libraries and printers, check the resources that you want to learn. Take a screen shot of this window, paste it into your document, and then click Save changes at the bottom of the page. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

6. Click OK to return to the Change homegroup settings window. 5. Take a screen shot of the Media streaming option window. Are there any devices that are blocked? 6. Click OK to return to the Change homegroup settings window. 7. Click Change advanced sharing settings. 8. Examine the settings for the Home or Work profile and the Public network profile. How are they different? How are they the same? 9. Save this file as: Lastname_Firstname_Ch09_HowTo Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Article 2 – LANS and WANS Objective 2 – Compare different types of LANs and WANs. Networks come in many different shapes and sizes. In this article, we discuss some of the most common types of networks you’ll find in both homes and businesses. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Business LAN – client-server network Small Networks LAN Home network – P2P Business LAN – client-server network Computers, printers, servers, network hardware all connected (left) Article 2 – LANs and WANs | Objective 2 – Compare different types of LANs and WANs Figure 9.8 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Personal are network PAN – Bluetooth Limited range – 30 to 300 feet Low-power Class 2 radio – 30 feet and 3Mbps Mice, keyboards, white boards, headsets, cell phones, PDAs, cameras, media players, video game consoles and printers WLAN – WiFi Article 2 – LANs and WANs | Objective 2 – Compare different types of LANs and WANs Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

How data is transmitted over a LAN Most widely implemented Ethernet How data is transmitted over a LAN Most widely implemented Transmit signals over twisted-pair-cable, fiber-optic cable, and WiFi 10Mbps to 10 Gbps Max speed dependent upon type of media and hardware 100 Mbps Ethernet Article 2 – LANs and WANs | Objective 2 – Compare different types of LANs and WANs Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Connects multiple LANs with dedicated lines and routers Large Networks WAN Multiple locations Connects multiple LANs with dedicated lines and routers Example – College with multiple campuses Slower and more expensive than LAN Article 2 – LANs and WANs | Objective 2 – Compare different types of LANs and WANs Figure 9.9A Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Virtual private networks Private network through Internet VPN Virtual private networks Private network through Internet Encrypted for security Article 2 – LANs and WANs | Objective 2 – Compare different types of LANs and WANs Figure 9.10 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Campus Area Network (CAN) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) Enterprise Network Campus Area Network (CAN) LANs connected to each other using routers Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) Covers a single geographic area Storage Area Network (SAN) Massive amounts of information to move and store Between data storage devices and the servers on a network Cellular Networks Cell towers 3G and 4G Article 2 – LANs and WANs | Objective 2 – Compare different types of LANs and WANs Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Key Terms CAN cellular network Ethernet LAN MAN PAN VPN WAN WLAN 5 Things You Need to Know LAN Wireless network types Ethernet WAN VPN Running Project Make a list of networks that you use. Include home, cellular, work, and school networks. Label each as a LAN, WAN, or one of the other network types described in this article. List the devices you use to connect to each. What resources do you access? Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware used in both wired and wireless networks. Every network has two major components: Hardware – to create the physical connections between devices and Software – to configure the resource and security. In this article, we look at the hardware needed to create different types of networks. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Hardware for P2P less complicated than client-server network Network Adapters Hardware for P2P less complicated than client-server network Simplest P2P – two devices sharing files using wireless Example – beam data from a smartphone to a Computer Network adapter (left) – RJ-45 Twisted-pair, Ethernet cable, Cat-5 Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store | Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware used in both wired and wireless networks. Figure 9.11 A Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Speed, location, and security Bits per second Wired Networks Speed, location, and security Bits per second 1,000 megabits per second FastEthernet connections = 100 Mbps Less interference More secure Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store | Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware used in both wired and wireless networks. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

WiFi homes and hotspots – IEEE 802.11 standards USB wireless adapter Wireless Networks WiFi homes and hotspots – IEEE 802.11 standards USB wireless adapter WiFi Alliance WLAN Ad hoc network Infrastructure wireless network 3G or 4G adapter Network icon on taskbar Right – 3G adapter, Bluetooth adapter, modem, wired Ethernet adapter, Wireless adapter Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store | Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware used in both wired and wireless networks. Figure 9.13 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

A comparison of WiFI standards Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store | Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware used in both wired and wireless networks. Figure 9.12 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Cable, DSL – digital modems FiOS – optical network terminal (ONT) Network Hardware Dial-up modem Cable, DSL – digital modems FiOS – optical network terminal (ONT) Wireless routers Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Connects two or more networks together Address information Router Connects two or more networks together Home network to the Internet Address information Route data packets Home network – router is a convergence device Backbone of internet Network map (right) shows both a router and a switch Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store | Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware used in both wired and wireless networks. Figure 9.14 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Built-in router or separate device Large WAN may have many WAPs Wireless Access point Device that allows wireless devices to join a network much like a switch Built-in router or separate device Large WAN may have many WAPs Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store | Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware used in both wired and wireless networks. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Devices found in a home network Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store | Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware used in both wired and wireless networks. Figure 9.15 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Blocks unauthorized access Software firewalls – W7 Hardware firewalls – router or standalone device Check outgoing and incoming data packets Filters Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store | Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware used in both wired and wireless networks. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Key Terms 4 Things You Need to Know Running Project Network adapter ad hoc network firewall infrastructure wireless network modem network adapter ONT router switch WAP 4 Things You Need to Know Network adapter Modem and ONT Router Firewall Running Project Open the Network Connections window as described in this article. What adapters are installed on your computer? What type of networks do they connect to? Which of them are connected now? Include a screen shot of the window. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Article 4 – The Softer Side Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols used in both wired and wireless networks. Network hardware allows devices to physically connect to each other, but it’s the software and protocols that allow them to communicate with and understand each other. In this article, we look at network operating systems, communication software, and protocols that make a network work. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Peer-to-peer Network Software Operating systems Client for Microsoft Networks To verify that Client is installed: Open Network and Sharing Center Click Change adapter settings Right-click the active adapter Choose Properties (right) Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks. Figure 9.16 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Running Mac OS X to a Windows network W7 Workgroup Running Mac OS X to a Windows network Mac belongs to the same workgroup Linux An Ubuntu Linux computer can detect a Windows workgroup (right) Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks. Figure 9.17 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Client-Server Network Server Client makes requests Server fulfills Microsoft Server OS Domain Log in to multiple servers Security database Special client software (e-mail, FTP, etc.) Using a Web browser as an e-mail client (right) Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks. Figure 9.18 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Network Operating System NOS Controls software and hardware Multiple clients communicate with the server Centralizes resources and security Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Servers Classified by the type of services they provide Common services include: File and print E-mail Database Web chat Audio/video Applications Most common network OS Microsoft Windows (2003, 2008) Linux (Red Hat, SUSE) UNIX (HP-UX, IBM AIX, Sun Solaris) Novell (Netware, SUSE) Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Network Protocols Hardware connects devices Protocols allow communication Define rules between devices Rules determine how data is: Formatted Transmitted Received Acknowledged Without protocols, no communication Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

TCP/IP Transmission control protocol / Internet protocol Most important Suite that defines how to: Transfer files (FTP) Web pages (HTTP) Sending (SMTP) Receiving e-mail (POP) Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks. Figure 9.19 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Network Protocols TCP/IP Stack Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks. Figure 9.20 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

TCP/IP Internet protocol LAN Default for Windows, Mac, Linux Version 4 or 6 IP address DHCP protocol Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks. Figure 9.21 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Server Virtualization Utilizes idle computer capabilities Example – Exchange e-mail server and an Apache Web server on the same computer Run at same time, sharing hardware but not interacting To client they appear to be separate servers Component of cloud computing Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Mac Protocols Before the need for Internet access necessitated the use of TCP/IP, Mac computers used different protocols to talk to each other. Use the Internet to find out how they did this. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Key Terms domain IP NOS protocol TCP TCP/IP 5 Things You Need to Know P2P Domain Clients Server software Protocols Running Project Make a list of networks you can use. Include home, cellular, work, and school networks. List the software clients that you can use to connect to each. What resources do you access? Do you use different clients to access different resources? Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Article 5 – Protecting Your Network Objective 5 – Explain how to protect a network. A few years ago, network security was only a concern to network administrators in large businesses; but today, with networks everywhere, it has become a larger problem. Just as you use layers of security at home – fences, door locks – the same approach should be used with network security. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Layer 1 – The Fence Firewall Home – router Business – stand-alone device Examines data packets Shield Article 5 – Protecting Your Network | Objective 5 – Explain how to protect a network. Figure 9.22 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Layer 2 – Door Locks Network configuration Access Usernames Strong passwords Article 5 – Protecting Your Network | Objective 5 – Explain how to protect a network. Figure 9.23 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Raise difficulty level Layer 3 – Alarm Systems Software-based firewalls (below) Antivirus Detects breaches Layer 4 – Guard Dogs Up-to-date Raise difficulty level Article 5 – Protecting Your Network | Objective 5 – Explain how to protect a network. Figure 9.24 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Ethics Piggybacking Why not? Statutes vague Detection Wardriving Wardriving communities Article 5 – Protecting Your Network | Objective 5 – Explain how to protect a network. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Key Terms piggybacking wardriving 4 Things You Need to Know Firewall Passwords Antivirus and antimalware software Up-to-date and secure Running Project Make a list of networks you can use. Include home, cellular, work, and school networks. List the software clients that you can use to connect to each. What resources do you access? Do you use different clients to access different resources? Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Article 6 – What Can I Do With Knowledge About Computer Networks Article 6 – What Can I Do With Knowledge About Computer Networks? Objective 6 – Identify the certifications and careers related to computer networks. You’ll find computer networks in every type of business, and knowing how to access network resources is a critical skill for most employees. However, there are some technical certifications and careers that require more extensive knowledge and skills. . Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Network Administrator (right) Certifications CompTIA Network+ A+ Linux+ Microsoft MCTS MCITP Cisco Five levels CCENT Network Administrator (right) Security+ Server + Article 6 – What Can I Do With Knowledge About Computer Networks? | Objective 6 – Identify the certifications and careers related to computer networks. Figure 9.25 Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Chapter 9 Objectives Recap Discuss the importance of computer networks. Compare different types of LANs and WANs. List and describe the hardware used in both wired and wireless networks. List and describe the software and protocols used in both wired and wireless networks. Explain how to protect a network. Identify the certifications and careers related to computer networks. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.   Publishing as Prentice Hall Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology