Excel chapter 2

objectives Use semi-selection to create a formula Use relative, absolute, and mixed cell references in formulas Insert a function Total values with the SUM function Insert basic statistical functions Determine results with the IF function Use lookup functions Use range names

Semi selection to create formula Semi-selection uses the mouse pointer to build a formula containing cell references or ranges This technique is also called pointing Create a formula such as =A1+B1. Click the cell where you want to create the formula. Type an equal sign (=). Click cell A1. Type a plus sign (+). Click cell B1. Press Enter to complete the formula.

Cell References Excel offers three types of cell references for use when a formula is copied Absolute $A$1 Relative A1 Mixed $A1 or A$1 $ indicates that the row number or column letter will not be modified during a copy

Example Download Day4-Example.xlsx file to your computer and save it. Apply cell style to cell A1 and cell range A7 to C7. Adjust column A width as required. Wrap text for cell range A7 to C7. The house cost in column A differs for each row and should be altered during a copy operation. So, for example, when the formula =A8*$B$5 is copied from row 8 to row 9, the formula become =A9*$B$5 The down payment rate in cell B5 is the same for each row and should not be altered during a copy operation. For example, when the formula =A8*$B$5 is copied from row 8 to row 9, the formula become =A9*$B$5

Example Format cell range A8 to A12 as Currency with 0(zero) decimal places. In cell B8 type the formula =A8*$B$5 Autofill B9 through B12. In cell C8 type =A8- and click on cell B8 Autofill C9 through C12.

Example after working Example after working will appear similar to this.

Functions An Excel function is a predefined formula that performs a calculation Syntax is the set of rules that govern correct formation of a function An argument is an input, such as a cell or range A function begins with the equal sign (=) followed by the function name and arguments in parentheses Example: =SUM(A1:A3)

Function Categories And Description Category Description Compatibility Contains functions compatible with Excel 2007 and earlier. Cube Returns values based on data in a cube. Database Analyses records stored in a database format in Excel. Date & Time Provides methods for manipulating date and time values. Engineering Calculates values commonly used by engineers. Financial Performs financial calculations. Information Provides information about the contents of a cell. Logical Performs logical tests and returns the value of tests. Lookup & Reference Looks up values, creates links to cells, provides references to cells. Math & Trig Performs standard math and trigonometry functions. Statistical Performs common statistical calculations. Text Manipulates text strings.

Inserting a Function When a function is typed, Formula AutoComplete displays a list of functions matching the partial entry

Inserting basic functions A function ScreenTip is a small pop-up description that displays the function arguments Totaling values with SUM function =SUM(number 1, [number 2],…..) Using Average Function =AVERAGE(number 1,[number2],…..) Using Median Function =MEDIAN(number 1,[number2],…..)

More Math and Statistical Functions Function Syntax Description =ABS(number) Displays the absolute value of a number =FREQUENCY(data_array,bins_array) Counts how often values appear in given range =INT(number) Rounds a value number down to nearest whole number =MODE.SNGL(number1,[number2],…) Displays the most frequently occuring value in list =PI() Returns the value of pi accurate upto 15 digits =PRODUCT(number1,[number2],…) Multiplies all values within argument list. =RANDBETWEEN(bottom,top) Generates random numbers between two numbers =ROUND(number,num_digits) Rounds value to specific number of digits =RANK.AVG(number,ref,[order]) Returns an average rank for identical values

Date/Time Functions Function Syntax Description =TODAY() Displays today’s date: month, day, year =NOW() Displays today’s date and current military time =DATE(year,month,day) Returns serial number for a date =EDATE(start_date,months) Displays serial number of a date a specified number of months in future or past =DAY(serial_number) Displays the day within a month for a serial number =MONTH(serial_number) Returns the month for a serial number =YEAR(serial_number) Identifies the year for a serial number

Logical Functions IF function The IF function has three arguments: IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false) The IF function has three arguments: A logical test or condition that is true or false The resulting value if the condition is true The resulting value if the condition is false

Nested functions A nested function occurs when one function is embedded as an argument to another function; for example: =IF(A1<A2,MIN(B1:B5),MAX(B1:B5)) Compute the MIN function if A1 is less than A2 Compute the MAX function if A1 is not less than A2

Lookup functions Lookup functions are used to look up values in a table to perform calculations or display results For example, a teacher may want to look up an average in order to assign a grade When searching a range, the breakpoint is the lowest value

Creating lookup table A lookup table typically lists breakpoints in one column and return values in a second column

Vlookup function The VLOOKUP function searches a lookup table for a value and returns the result from the related column VLOOKUP has three required arguments: Lookup value Table array (range of lookup table) Column index of return value

example In Day4-Example.xlxs open GradeBook worksheet In cell F3 type the formula for lookup as =VLOOKUP(E3,$A$3:$B$7,2) Autofill the remaining cells.

Range Name A range name is a word or phrase used to identify a cell or cell range Range names make formulas easier to read Create a range name Click the Formulas tab, click Define Name in the Defined Names group to open the New Name dialog box, type the range name in the Name box, and then click OK Click in the Name Box, type the range name, and then press Enter.