Computers: Information Technology in Perspective

The Technology Revolution Chapter 1

Quit 1.3 Changing Times... Technology Update

Quit 1.4 Be an insider…..  Computer- knowledgeable people are now considered mainstream - even cool!  Everyone else is on the outside looking in.

Quit 1.5 What is IT? Reprinted with permission of Compaq Computer Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Information Technology is the integration of computing technology and information processing. Information Technology is the integration of computing technology and information processing.

Quit 1.6 Knowledge Workers UseUse BroadcastBroadcast ManipulateManipulate Information ! In an Information Society

Quit 1.7 From: T.H.E. Journal - September 1997: What Computer Skills Do Employers Expect From Recent College Graduates? Employers Want IT Competency  83% think computer competency skills are important or very important in the hiring decision.  96% want basic word processing skills.  93% want experience.  86% want basic spreadsheet skills.  83% want basic database skills.  75% want basic presentation software skills.  64% want internet and searching skills.

Quit 1.8 Technology Revolution: Today  Enabling technologies  How personal computers affect us: At work (mobile computing) At home (Internet) At play ( , chat, online gaming)

Quit 1.9 Technology Revolution  Virtual house tours  On-line voting  Telemedicine  Cashless society  Continuous stock market

Quit 1.10 IT Competency Feel comfortable with computers Make computers work for you Generate input/interpret output Comfortable in cyberspace Understand impact on society Intelligent consumer of hardware and software Be conversant in computerese The pursuit of ITcompetency is a never-ending pursuit because IT is always changing. Emerging from a nice-to-have skill to a job-critical skill.

Quit 1.11 Computer Proficiency Digital Divide 120 million people are “knowledge workers” More than 100 million people are not “IT competent”

Quit 1.12 Evolution of Computing s mid- 1970s 2001 No Computers PCs introduced! Very expensive computers for large companies. Computer professionals ran the show. Powerful PCs on every desktop. Explosion of applications.

Quit Says PC Magazine:  A 1970 Mustang would do 150 mph  A 1971 microprocessor (the 1st) ran at 108 KHz If cars had increased in speed as much as processors, a new Mustang would do about 22,000,000 mph! How Fast Is 1 GHz?

Quit OUTPUTOUTPUT Information Data PROCESSPROCESS Data vs. Information INPUTINPUT

Quit 1.15 Hierarchy of Data Organization  Bit: encoded with ASCII  Character: same as a byte  Field: group of related characters  Record: group of related fields  File: group of related records  Database: group of related files Data provide the fuel for the computer system.

Quit 1.16 Global Village Computer Networks Global Village

Quit 1.17 Going Online  Internet (the Net)  Internet Service Provider (ISP)  Information Service (like AOL)  Modems  Online/Offline  Download/Upload  MP3/MP4 players

Quit 1.18 Internet Services   Chat  Videophone  Gaming  Newsgroups  World Wide Web

Quit Hardware Basics INPUT PROCESS ChipsChips RAMRAM PeripheralsPeripherals STORAGE OUTPUT SoftcopySoftcopy HardcopyHardcopy Computer System Components

Quit 1.20 Software Basics  Programs Application Software Performs specific task for user System Software Manage, maintain & control system resources

Quit 1.21 Computing Power is the key! Computer Systems Basics Notebook PCs Desktop PCs Workstations Server Computers Thin Client Computers Supercomputers Handheld Computers Personal Computers

Quit 1.22 Personal Computers Wintel PC Platform = Windows 9x/Me/ Intel (or compatible) processor chip Wintel PC Platform = Windows 9x/Me/ Intel (or compatible) processor chip Mac Platform = Mac  OS X + Motorola  PowerPC  chip Mac Platform = Mac  OS X + Motorola  PowerPC  chip Personal Computers IBM PC introduced in 1981

Quit 1.23 Notebook PCs (Laptops) Port Replicators Docking Stations

Quit 1.24 Desktop PCs  System unit Tower Footprint  Multimedia applications  Configuration Motherboard Keyboard Point-and-draw device Monitor Printer Hard disk Floppy disk drive Optical disk drive Microphone Speakers

Quit 1.25 Wearable PCs Photo courtesy of Xybernaut

Quit Handheld Computers  Palmtop PC  Personal digital assistants (PDAs)  Pen-based computers (UPS)  Connected organizers  Personal communicators  Mobile business centers  Web phones Handheld Computers

Quit 1.27 Handheld Computer Applications  Speech-recognition  Personal information management (PIM)  Electronic-book  MP3 music

Quit 1.28 How Thin Clients Differ From PCs  Smaller processor  Less RAM  No hard disk  Less expensive  Depends on server

Quit 1.29WorkstationsCAD “Souped-up PCs” for “Power Users” Courtesy of Intergraph Corporation Workstations

Quit 1.30 Client/Server Computing  Server PC to Supercomputer Data storage and applications software  Client PC, workstation or thin client Requests processing or support from server  Applications Software Front-end (client) Back-end (server)  Enterprise-wide Systems  Proxy server computer Server Computers

Quit 1.31Supercomputers  Processor-bound applications  100 times faster than typical server  Used for Scientific simulations and forecasting Medicine Advanced graphics Supercomputers

Quit 1.32 What Can Computers Do?  Input/Output operations Reads input Writes output  Processing operations Math (computation) Decision making (logic) Photo courtesy of Imation Corporation

Quit Why Use Computers?  Speed  Accuracy  Consistency  Reliability  Communications  Memory

Quit Hardware Software People Procedures Data Word Processing Spreadsheets Database Graphics/Presentation Desktop Publishing Communications PIM Using Computers Information Systems Personal Computing Surfing Communication Education & Reference Entertainment & Edutainment Science, Research & Engineering

The Technology Revolution The End