Benefits and Critical Success factors for Water Safety Plans(WSPs) DR. ESPER JACOB NCUBE IWA AFRICA WATER SAFETY PLAN WORKSHOP NAIROBI, KENYA 24TH – 26TH MAY 2011 - Laico Regency Hotel -

STRUCTURE OF PRESENTATION INTRODUCTION CONSUMER EXPECTATIONS IMPORTANT POINTS TO NOTE CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS FOR SUCCESSFUL WSP IMPLEMENTATION WSP IMPLEMENTATION BENEFITS CONCLUSIONS

INTRODUCTION The WSP is a concept for developing a process-orientated observation of the water supply The main goal of WSPs is to identify and eliminate all the possible risks in the water supply system, that is potential risks of water pollution in the catchment throughout the distribution network to the consumers taps WSPs have been developed to organize and systematize a long history of management practices applied to drinking water and to ensure the applicability of these practices to the management of drinking water quality

CONSUMER EXPECTATIONS Take it for granted that the water they receive will always be wholesome. That it will be available when needed. Must be safe; for lifelong consumption. Must be palatable (Taste, Odour and Feel); Must be aesthetically appealing (Clear); Should not contain any chemical or radiological substances deleterious to health Should be free of pathogenic organisms; Be stable as far as possible. It will be supplied at a reasonable cost. It will be supplied at the adequate pressure.

IMPORTANT POINTS TO NOTE The plan in itself has no value The value in the plan, although simple, is in its appropriate implementation It is not about the plan but about the people that implement the plan It is about ordinary people achieving extraordinary results due to the correct attitude, skills and experience

IMPORTANT POINTS TO NOTE (contd) Access to adequate water supply does not guarantee access to safe drinking water. Access to an improved water supply (household connection, public standing pipes, protected springs or boreholes does not mean that the consumers have access to a safe water supply. Knowledge of potential polluters of water systems without action is fruitless

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTOR #1-Getting the right people into the wsp Team

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTOR #2-Establishing corporate commitment to water quality The organisation’s commitment to drinking water quality shall be demonstrated by: -establishing a drinking water quality policy statement -establishing water quality objectives -conducting regular management reviews on water quality issues N.B-This statement must be reviewed at least annually, shared with top management and relevant stakeholders

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTOR #3 Understanding the supply system This factor enables the Water Services Providers to accurately construct system flow diagrams that will enable: Accurate hazard analysis from catchment to tap and the level of risk presented by each identified hazard. Accurate identification of appropriate measures to control the identified risks to guarantee the safety of the water supply (compliance to standards, guidelines, objectives or targets to ensure adequate infrastructure and public health protection). Accurate identification of critical control points Accurate establishment of operational limits and Accurate identification, establishment and development of monitoring programmes Accurate asset life cycle management

CONSTRUCT FLOW DIAGRAMS

Your supply system flow diagram

Determine or identify critical control points along the supply system

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTOR #4- Understanding the risks around the supply system FROM CATCHMENT TO TAP Understanding the potential risks of inadequate source water protection Understanding potential risks at production level Understanding potential risks along the distribution network Understanding potential risks at the consumer connections Understanding potential risks at the point of use

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTOR #5,6,7&8 5-Understanding and implementing risk control measures 6-Monitoring the effectiveness of risk control measures 7-Understanding operations management processes-competent operators 8-Identification & Developing appropriate tools and management plans (for example incident management plans)

Catchment hydrology April 2011

Recreation report Suitability of the Water in the Catchment for Water contact & sports

QUARTERLY REPORT INVERTEBRATES IN DRINKING WATER Hein H. Du Preez Biology Section, Analytical Services, Rand Water

This presents potential hazards ! Renovation of sample point Sterilization of sample point Cleaning of surrounding Conduct inspections

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTOR #8- Algae Incident Management protocol Dirty Water Management Protocol E.Coli Management protocol Protozoa Management protocol Disinfection control procedure Generic protocol for the selection and prioritization of organic contaminants for monitoring in the drinking water supply chain

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTOR #9- Understanding your ecosystem-customer relationship management positive relationship with external stakeholders internal and external customer awareness creation

Communication (customer interaction protocol emphasizing on WSPs CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTOR #10-Accurate identification of appropriate support programmes Consumer complaints handling (call centre, dedicated full time staff compliment, consumer complaints handling procedures) Employee awareness training (Basic WSP training, induction courses, dedicated budget for employee training approved by top management through the national Skills Development Act, Personal development plans, part of performance management reviews Communication (customer interaction protocol emphasizing on WSPs Education support programmes focusing on water quality and water quantity aspects (Water wise education)

Impoundment management Information Dissemination Special Projects Monitoring & Sampling Pollution Control & Site Inspections CMA’s & Catchment Forums Impoundment management

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTOR #11-BENCHMARKING, ADAPTATION AND INNOVATION Study international practice Adapt best practice for own use Define outcomes and responsibilities Ensure that Rand Water remains updated on latest national and international legislative requirements and customer needs

Criteria for Blue Drop Status To receive a BLUE DROP - comply with 95% of the weighted criteria Criterion Allocated Weight (%) YEAR 1 2 3+ Water Safety Plan 5 10 Process Controllers and Supervisors 3 DWQ Monitoring Programmes 20 15 4 DWQ Sample Analysis Submission of DWQ Results 6 DWQ Compliance 35 30 7 Management of DWQ Failures 8 Publication of DWQ Performance 9 Drinking Water Asset Management 100

WSP IMPLEMENTATION BENEFITS Increased internal and external confidence in the product (water quality) Creation of unity in diversity towards water quality assurance (internal[multi-structures in the organization] and external (national government (GVT), other GVT departments, Local authorities, catchment forums, etc) Improvement in information (right information across the supply chain) gathering-communication, processing, decision making, financial control (raw water quality and chemical budgeting) Improving the profile of the people that take part in the water quality management business

WSP IMPLEMENTATION BENEFITS Personal development (giving context of one’s job and broadening the understanding of the total management system Improves the speed of reaction (turnaround time in problem solving), improved decision making Good risk management practices Excellent knowledge flow through the participants in the supply chain Reduced uncertainty Obligation and buy in from all parties from top to bottom (KPAS, KPIs in performance contracts for all managers) Understanding the supply system contributes to accurate identification of bottle necks, accountabilities, opportunities for process and information optimization, Management processes that become a tool for training and a memory for the organization

WSP IMPLEMENTATION BENEFITS It has facilitated the development of early warning systems, for example the detection of microbiological overloads before disinfection through the application of the hazards analysis critical control point approach (HACCP). This has allowed the monitoring of microbiological hazards (algal cells, E.coli, Total coliforms, protozoa) at critical control points (CCPs) rather than relying mainly on end-point treatment such as chlorination. This approach has reduced the chances of risk of infection to consumers and Accurate identification of components of a good management system

CONCLUSIONS The WSP focuses on the whole supply chain, hence if implemented effectively the benefits will be visible across the whole supply chain Raw water becomes important for people to understand and change their behaviour to support source water protection initiatives. Design/upgrade of infrastructure (booster station/reservoirs) become important because you understand system needs WSPs have prompted a clear commitment to the development and implementation of a set of preventive risk management activities to support public health protection initiatives. WSPs provide a platform for continuous improvement, evaluation and verification processes.

Public Health cannot advance without safe water” R.Bertollini, Director, WHO Regional office for Europe