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What is a habitat?
The place where an organism lives that provides all of its needs.
What is ecology?
The study of how living things interact with each other and the environment.
What is an energy pyramid, and how much energy makes it from one level to the level above it?
A diagram that shows how much energy is available at each level of a food web. 10% gets to the next level.
Give an example of an abiotic factor changing an ecosystem.
-Lightning starting fire that clears a forest. -A heavy rain flooding a meadow. -Drought causing plants to die or go dormant.
What is the difference between a food web and a food chain?
A food chain shows one route of energy flow through and ecosystem. A food web is made up of several food chains and shows many or all of the trophic interactions within the ecosystem.
What is symbiosis?
A close relationship between two organisms that benefits at least one of them.
What is predation?
An interaction in which one organism kills and eats another.
Name three types of symbiotic relationships
Commensalism (+/0) Mutualism(+/+) Parasitism(+/-)
What are consumers that eat plants and animals?
Omnivores
What are three energy roles?
Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers
What are three terms that describe what consumers eat?
1.Carnivores-consumers that eat meat (scavengers are specialized carnivores) 2.Herbivores-Consumers that eat plants 3.Omnivores- consumers that eat both of the above
What is the term for all of the different populations that live in an ecosystem?
A community
The smallest unit within and ecosystem is a/an_______.
An organism.
Give an example of a population that might be found living in a tropical rain forest.
All of the jaguars All of the three-toed sloths All of the anacondas
What would be the term for the prairie dogs, snakes, and grasses that inhabit a particular area?
A community.
What do plants need in order to undergo photosynthesis, and what do they produce?
They need CO 2 and H 2 O and they produce O 2 and C 6 H 12 O 6.
What might happen if the frog population decreased?
-Cricket population could increase. -Competition between hawks and snakes for mice might increase.
Name an organism that is a second level consumer.
-Coyotes -Snakes -Hawks -Spiders
Label each organism with the appropriate level. Mollusks, algae, Orca, Seal
A-Orca B-Seal C-Mollusks D-Algae
Members of population B feed on members of Population A. What characterizes the relationship between A and B and what two organisms might they be?
- Predator/Prey Relationship -Hawk/Rabbit -Toad/Grasshopper -Wolf/Deer -Wolf/Rabbit
What does the arrow in a food chain/food web illustrate?
The direction of energy flow (where the energy is going).
What is competition?
The struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources. These resources include (but are not limited to) food, space, water, & mates.
Explain what carrying capacity has to do with limiting factors?
Limiting factors are things like food, water, and space. The carrying capacity is how many organisms can live in a particular area. The abundance of the limiting factors determines the area’s carrying capacity.
What are the organisms in the first level of a food chain or food web called?
Producers (autotrophs)
If a hawk eats mice and mice eat insects, and the insects eat plants, what level is the hawk?
Third (tertiary)- level consumer (also apex predator or top-level carnivore).