HIV H: human I: immuno-deficiency V: virus AIDS“AcquiredImmune-DeficiencySyndrome” Why is it called this?

Rating Behavior for Risk (Risk Assessment Cards – line-up) High (orange)Low (Green) No Risk (Purple) 1. Holding hands 2. Drinking from the same can of soda 3. Using a condom to have sex 4. Sitting next to someone with HIV 5. Sharing Needles or syringes 6. Donating blood 7. Receiving blood transfusions

Risky??? 8. Having sexual intercourse w/out condom 9. Just once?? 10. French kissing 11. Using someone else’s hairbrush 12. Eating at a restaurant where cook has HIV or AIDS 13. Getting a tattoo 14. Getting your ears pierced with sterilized needle 15. Having a mother who has HIV before birth of child 16. Providing first aid to an accident victim 17. Being bitten by a mosquito 18. Using public telephones

Chapter 25, (p ) Lesson 3 & 4 Describe the HIV/ AIDS epidemic in the teen population. Describe the HIV/ AIDS epidemic in the teen population. What is the EIA Test? What is the EIA Test? Why is HIV considered a pandemic? Why is HIV considered a pandemic? How does HIV attack the immune system? How does HIV attack the immune system? How does Nile Sandeen hope to change the world? How does Nile Sandeen hope to change the world? What are all the ways to contract HIV? What are all the ways to contract HIV?

Related Vocabulary Abstinence Abstinence Monogamous Monogamous Pathogen Pathogen Kaposi’s Sarcoma Kaposi’s Sarcoma

What Fluids Transmit HIV? Blood Blood Vaginal fluids Vaginal fluids Semen (not sperm) Semen (not sperm) Breast Milk Breast Milk NOT saliva NOT saliva

What Makes a Behavior Unsafe? Any exposure to the fluids that transmit HIV allows the virus to enter the blood stream, including: Unsafe Sex Unsafe Sex Sharing Needles Sharing Needles Breastfeeding Breastfeeding Sharing Razors Sharing Razors

What is the Window Period? Window Period – 3-6 months Window Period – 3-6 months the body has not produced antibodies to the virus… tests for the virus will show negative to HIV exposure… even if the person has the virus

8 – 10 YEARS Why is this Important??? A person who is HIV positive can look and feel healthy (asymptomatic – show no symptoms) yet be infected with HIV yet be infected with HIV and be able to pass HIV to others

How can a pregnant mother who is HIV+ protect her unborn child? Take her medications as directed to keep the viral load (the amount of virus per mL of blood) low. Take her medications as directed to keep the viral load (the amount of virus per mL of blood) low. Have a C-section (Caesarian birth) Have a C-section (Caesarian birth) Not breast-feed her baby Not breast-feed her baby

How Does HIV Affect the Immune System? HIV is a virus. Viruses are parasites (need hosts). The Human Immuno-deficiency Virus: enters the nucleus of a T-cell (white blood cell), enters the nucleus of a T-cell (white blood cell), makes a copy of its genetic material in the host cell makes a copy of its genetic material in the host cell reproduces itself in the cell, reproduces itself in the cell, creates and releases new HIV viruses creates and releases new HIV viruses which attach to more T-cells which attach to more T-cells The virus kills the T-cells The virus kills the T-cells When the number of T-cells drops below 200, the person is said to have AIDS When the number of T-cells drops below 200, the person is said to have AIDS The immune system cannot do its job; infections/cancer take over The immune system cannot do its job; infections/cancer take over Person dies of an opportunistic disease. Person dies of an opportunistic disease.

Stages of HIV Infection Stage I2-6 weeks after exposure to HIV Stage I2-6 weeks after exposure to HIV Feels like the flu Stage II8-10 years or more after infection Stage II8-10 years or more after infection Asymptomatic – NO symptoms Stage IIISeveral more months Stage IIISeveral more months Chronic lymphodenopathy (swollen glands) Fatigue – extreme tiredness Stage IVMonths to several years Stage IVMonths to several years Opportunistic Diseases – death Kaposi’s Sarcoma Kaposi’s Sarcoma Viral Pneumonia

Treatment of HIV/AIDS Drug Cocktail – combination of several medicines Drug Cocktail – combination of several medicines Treatments may include as many as 40 different doses of medicines daily: some with or without food, 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals… Treatments may include as many as 40 different doses of medicines daily: some with or without food, 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals… Problems: Problems:*Expensive *Not available *Side effects *Hard to manage dosing schedule: Can’t miss even one dose or virus mutates

Checking for Understanding Partner…Share…Write in Journal 1. What 4 ways HIV can be transmitted? 2. What does “asymptomatic” mean? 3. How does it apply to an HIV infection? 4. What are the signs of HIV infection in Stage I? Stage II? Stage III? Stage IV? 5. What does opportunistic infection mean? 6. Why is early testing and treatment important? 7. Is AIDS getting better or worse in the U.S.? 8. How is AIDS similar/ different from other STDs?

AIDS Statistics United States United States Washington State Washington State India, Africa… India, Africa…