01 July 2002 slide number EECA-1 The challenge of HIV/AIDS to health, security, and economic development in the ECE region Henning Mikkelsen Europe Regional Coordinator Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS

01 July 2002 slide number EECA-2 The appalling statistics do not begin to describe the magnitude of the destruction wrought by AIDS. AIDS is more devastating than any terrorist attack, any conflict or any weapon of mass destruction. It kills indiscriminately, and without mercy. As cruel as any tyrant, the virus can crush the human spirit. It is an insidious and relentless foe. AIDS shatters families, tears the fabric of societies, and undermines governments. AIDS can destroy countries and destabilize entire regions. Colin Powell, UN General Assembly, September 2003

00002-E-3 – 1 December 2002 Adults and children estimated to be living with HIV/AIDS as of end 2002 Total: 42 million Western Europe North Africa & Middle East Sub-Saharan Africa 29.4 million Eastern Europe & Central Asia 1.2 million South & South-East Asia 6 million Australia & New Zealand North America Caribbean Latin America 1.5 million East Asia & Pacific 1.2 million

27 January Adult prevalence rate 15.0% – 36.0% 5.0% – 15.0% 1.0% – 5.0% 0.5% – 1.0% 0.1% – 0.5% 0.0% – 0.1% not available % + 60% + 160% + 100% + 30% + 40% + 20% HIV: current prevalence and recent changes, 1996–2001 World Health Organization

New reported cases of HIV infections by age group, Western Europe and Eastern Europe 2001

Unemployment among youth, 1998 (percent)

Many occasional young injectors

Moscow 181 Russia 136 Siberia 166 HIV-infection prevalence (per 100,000 persons) in mining territories of Siberia (Russian Federation) Altai krai 96 Kemerovo oblast 141 Tomsk oblast 53 Khanty-Mansi AO 447 Tyumen oblast 157 Yamalo-Nenetsky AO 118 Republic Buryatia 153 Republic Tiva 5 Republic Khakassia 13 Krasnoyarsk krai 127 Taimyr AO 78 Evenki AO 5 Chita oblast 68 Irkutsk oblast 465

The economic impact of HIV in Russia (World Bank 2001) l GDP in 2010 would be up to 4.15 percent lower, and in % l Investment would decline by 5.5 percent in 2010 and 14.5 percent in 2020 l HIV lowers productivity by 13 percent

Demographic and security impact l Life expectancy of men may drop 4 years by 2015 l Russian Ministry of Defense: More than 5000 army recruits found to be HIV infected in 2002

Male life expectancy at birth HIV is a pressing problem for Russia, which goes through a serious demographic crisis. (Igor S.Ivanov, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, UN General Assembly, September 2003)

Global Fund and World Bank in Eastern Europe and Central Asia GF : 12 countries approved (total US$ million) WB projects: 3 countries approved (around US$ 86 millions)