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Presentation transcript:

Foldable Instructions

Do Now Name one way another country influences our culture.

Chapter 12 Transformations Around the Globe

Objectives Explain China’s resistance to foreigners Describe rebellions that took place in China List reform effects in China Trace the rise of Chinese Nationalism

China Resist Outside Influence Western economic pressure forces China open to foreign trade and influence.

China and the West – p. 1 in foldable Rejecting Western Goods In 1793, China rejects gifts brought by British ambassador China is strong politically because it is largely self- sufficient Agriculture, mining, manufacturing sectors highly productive The Tea-Opium Connection Guangzhou, southern port, is only one open to foreign trade China has upper-hand… earns more from exports than imports British Smuggle in Opium (late 1700s); many Chinese become addicted

Opium War p. 1 In 1839, Opium War erupts – fight caused by British bringing in opium Read letter from Lin Zexu Queen Victoria p. 372 China loses because Britain has a modern navy Treaty of Nanjing (1842) gives British control of Hong Kong 1844, other nations win “extraterritorial rights” Some of the rights included foreigners being exempt from Chinese laws in trading ports

In your notes… Why did the British have to bring an addictive drug to sell as their product to the Chinese? Answer in 3 sentences or more Be prepared to share your answer with the class (if you’re talking I will call on you)

Growing Internal Problems p.1 Population problems China’s population booms from 1790-1850 Crop yields do not grow as fast, producing widespread hunger… anger Taiping Rebellion Late 1830’s Hong Xiuquan recruits followers to build “new China” Taiping Rebellion – name given to Hong’s movement – means “great peace” 1850s Hong’s army grows large, captures large areas in southeast China 1864, rebellion defeated by internal fighting/outside attack

In your notes… Where did we see famine (a severe food shortage) occur in the last chapter? Why did it occur? Answer in 3 sentences or more Be prepared to share your answer with the class (if you’re talking I will call on you)

Trace map on bottom of p. 3

Foreign Influence Grows p.1 Resistance to change Dowager Empress Cixi rules China most years from 1862-1908 Supports reforms aimed at education, government, and military Otherwise is very traditional

Other Nations Step In p.2 China suffers attacks from other nations; forced to grant more trading rights Europeans and Japan gain “Spheres of Influence” – areas of economic control U.S. declares “Open Door Policy” in 1899 U.S. fearful if China was colonized they would lose trade rights Chinese open trade to all nations

Open Door Policy Video

In your notes… What were the main reasons for the U.S. instituting the “Open Door Policy?” Where they being nice? Did they have other motives? What where those motives? Answer in 3 sentences or more Be prepared to share your answer with the class (if you’re talking I will call on you)

In your foldable On the map you traced on p.3 go back and shade in new areas of control for the British, French, Germans, U.S. and Japanese

Chinese Nationalism p. 2 Growing Dissension The Boxer Rebellion Many Chinese resent growing power of “outsiders” 1898, Emperor Guangxu enacts reforms Empress Cixi is restored to power… ends them The Boxer Rebellion Anti-government, anti-European peasants form a secret organization 1900, launch the boxer rebellion – want reforms Rebels sieze Beijing, foreign army defeats them

Boxer Rebellion Video

Reform in China p. 2 Cixi and other conservatives recognize necessity of reform In 1905, she sends officials abroad to study other governments 1906, Cixi begins making reforms but moves slowly Unrest will continue for four more decades

In you notes Why were the “boxers” called boxers? How was the rebellion defeated? Answer in 3 sentences or more Be prepared to share your answer with the class (if you’re talking I will call on you)

Foldable On the top of page 3 of your foldable copy the following chart You will have 10 minutes to try to fill it in… Cause Effect Result British bring opium to China p. 371-372 Hong Xiuquan starts Taiping Rebellion p. 373 United States declares “Open Door Policy” p. 373-374 Workers launch Boxer Rebellion p. 374-375

Review Cause Effect Result British bring opium to China Chinese become addicted; resentful towards west (letter from Lin Zexu) Opium War – China forced to open ports Hong Xiuquan starts Taiping Rebellion Rebels take control of the South Millions die in rebellion United States declares “Open Door Policy” China becomes safe from colonization – not spheres of influence China is still dominated by foreign powers Workers launch Boxer Rebellion Chinese Nationalism increases Major reforms finally enacted

12.2 Modernization in Japan p. 4 Japan follows the model of Western powers by industrializing and expanding its foreign influence

Japan Ends Its Isolation p. 4 The Demand for Foreign Trade Treaty of Kanagawa (1854) – Japan opens two ports to American ships By 1860, Japan has trade agreements with many nations Meiji Reform and Modernization Anger over trade deals forces shogun to step down in 1867 Meiji Era – Time of reform begun by Meiji emperor, Mutsuhito

Industrialization in Japan p. 4 By early 1900s, Japan has industrialized, is competitive with west Industrialization = need for empire Need factors of production

Comparing p.6 In your notes on p. 6 Copy the chart that explains how China and Japan both Confronted the West (p. 377)

Comparing China Both Japan Remains committed to traditional values Loses numerous territorial conflicts Grants other nations “spheres of influence” Finally accepts reform movements Have well established traditional values Initially resist change Oppose Western Imperialism Considers modernization necessary Borrows and adapts Western ways Strengthens its economic and military power Builds and empire

Imperial Japan p. 4/5 Military Japan Attacks China By 1890, Japan has strong navy and large army 1894, Japan gets Western nations to give up special trading rights Japan Attacks China Japan forces Korea to open three ports to Japanese trade in 1876 1885, Japan and China agree not to send troops into Korea 1894, China sends troops to Korea to put down a rebellion Japan drives Chinese out of Korea, gains Chinese territory

Imperial Japan p.4/5 Russo-Japanese War 1903, Japan and Russia begin struggle over Manchuria Japan attacks Russia in 1904 – begins Russo- Japanese War In 1905, treaty ends the war; Japan gains captured territories Treaty brokered by US President Teddy Roosevelt Wins Noble Peace Prize for negotiating agreement

What is a political cartoon? Satire - the use of irony, sarcasm, ridicule, or the like, in exposing, denouncing, or deriding vice, folly, Caricature - a portrait that exaggerates or distorts the essence of a person Bias - a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective

In your notes… p.4/5 1.) What is the event or issue that inspired the cartoon? 2.) Are there any real people in the cartoon? Who is portrayed in the cartoon? 3.) Are there symbols in the cartoon? What are they and what do they represent? 4.) What is the cartoonist's opinion about the topic portrayed in the cartoon?

DO NOW In three sentences answer the following questions… What factors led the Japanese to become and imperial power? What territory was the Russo-Japanese War fought over? Who won the Russo-Japanese War?

finish in your notes 1.) What is the event or issue that inspired the cartoon? 2.) Are there any real people in the cartoon? Who is portrayed in the cartoon? 3.) Are there symbols in the cartoon? What are they and what do they represent? 4.) What is the cartoonist's opinion about the topic portrayed in the cartoon?

Japanese Occupation of Korea p.5 Japan makes Korea a protectorate in 1905 1910, Japan completes annexation of Korea Japan rules Korea harshly… leads growth in Korean nationalism

Vocab Activity p.5 Define the following terms in your own words (you may use the book, your notes, or a dictionary) Treaty of Kanagawa Meiji Era Russo-Japanese War annexation

12.3 U.S. Economic Imperialism p.7 The United States places increasing economic and political pressure on Latin America during the 19th century.

Latin America After Independence p.7 Colonial Legacy Political gains mean little to desperately poor Latin Americans Peonage system keeps peasants in debt; landowners grow wealthy Political Instability Cuadillos – Military Dictators – gain and hold power Mid 1800’s, cuadillos rule most LA countries Reformers sometimes gain office – eventually forced out Wealthy landowners support cuadillos; poor people have few rights

Economies Grow Under Foreign Influence p.7 Old Products and New Markets Economies depend on exporting one or two products Trains and refrigeration increase demand for LA foods LA import manufactured goods; industrialization lags Outside Investment and Interference Few schools, roads, hospitals built Government forced to borrow money from other countries Loans not repaid; properties repossessed; foreign control grows

A Latin American Empire p.7 The Monroe Doctrine Newly independent countries of the Americas are insecure 1823, U.S. issues Monroe Doctrine Europe cannot colonize Americas

A Latin American Empire p.7 Cuba Declares Independence 1895, Jose Marti – Cuban writer – launches war for Cuban Independence U.S. fights to help Cuba in 1898 = Spanish American War 1901, Cuba nominally independent, U.S. has significant control After war Spain gives U.S. Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines

Panama Canal p.7 Connecting the Oceans U.S. wants fast way from Atlantic to Pacific President Roosevelt wants a canal Columbia rejects Roosevelt's $10 million canal offer 1903 Panama gains independence with U.S. help Panama gives land to U.S. to build canal U.S. builds canal

Copy the Map on p.386 p.9

Video

Cause and Effect 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Action Effect 1. U.S. wants fast way from Atlantic to Pacific 2. President Roosevelt wants a canal 3. Columbia rejects Roosevelt's $10 million canal offer 4. 1903 Panama gains independence with U.S. help 5. Panama gives land to U.S. to build canal 6. U.S. builds canal 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Action Effect

The Roosevelt Corollary U.S. increases influence in LA U.S. investment in Cuba/other countries 1904, Roosevelt updates Monroe Doctrine Roosevelt Corollary: U.S. can be police power in the Americas – speak softly but carry a big stick U.S. uses Corollary to justify repeated interventions

Draw your own political cartoon Draw your own political cartoon on page 9 about how the U.S. increased it’s economic power in Latin America.

DO NOW What was the Monroe Doctrine?

12.4 Turmoil and Change in Mexico Political, economic, and social inequalities in Mexico trigger a period of revolution and reform.

Santa Anna and the Mexican War Early 1800’s, Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana dominates Mexican politics Serves as president four times between 1833 and 1855 The Texas Revolt 1820’s, Mexican officials encourage Americans to settle in Texas Thousands of English-speaking “Anglos” settle in Texas Want self-government = problems with Mexico 1835, Texans revolt and win independence; Santa Ana loses power

Santa Ana and the Mexican War 1845, U.S. annexes Texas; Mexico is outraged 1846, U.S. and Mexico go to war Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848) – northern third of Mexico to U.S. Santa Anna, who lost war, loses more power

Juarez and La Reforma A New Leader Juarez Rises to Power Benito Juarez – liberal reformer who wanted to change Mexico Juarez Rises to Power Works as lawyer helping poor people; good reputation

What if… In your notes, answer the following question in 3 sentences… How might the Mexican economy be different if it hadn’t lost all of the territory in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

Juarez and La Reforma Juarez Works for Reform Juarez’s La Reforma – movement to redistribute land and reform education Exiled in 1853, but return Conservative, wealthy Mexicans oppose reforms, launch rebellion 1861, reformers win civil war and Juarez elected President

Juarez and La Reforma The French Invade Mexico Conservatives plot with Europeans to defeat Juarez and reform 1862, French send army to Mexico and take control of country Install Austrian Archduke Maximilian as emperor Fighting goes on for 5 years – 1867, Maximilian is defeated Juarez, president again, puts reforms in place He dies in 1872, but country is a peaceful and making progress

DO NOW Who was Maximilian?

Porfirio Diaz and “Order and Progress” Rise of Cuadillo Porfirio Diaz – cuadillio who takes power in 1876 Diaz ends reforms and builds own power; eliminates opponents Trades lands for political favors/support; elections meaningless His tactics bring order to Mexico, freedoms reduces Some economic progress, but rich gain wealth/poor suffer

Revolution and Civil War Madero Begins the Revolution Unrest over harsh rule of Diaz grows throughout Mexican society Reformer Francisco Madero calls for armed revolt “Pancho” Villa – popular revolutionary leader from the north of Mexico Emiliano Zapata – revolutionary leader from southern Mexico Villa, Zapata score important victories over Diaz’s army Diaz forced to step down, calls for new elections in 1911

Revolution and Civil War Mexican Leaders Struggle for Power 1911, Madero elected president; unrest continues 1913, Madero resigns; General Victoriano Huerta becomes president After 15 months of fighting, rebels win; Carranza becomes president Civil War ends in 1919 with Zapata’s death The New Mexican Constitution Mexico’s new constitution: land reform, education, workers rights Alvaro Obregon ousts Carranza in 1920, continues reforms

Timeline… Place the following Mexican Leaders on a timeline. Include the year they took power and what major ideas they had. Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana Benito Juarez Austrian Archduke Maximilian Porfirio Diaz Emiliano Zapata General Victoriano Huerta Alvaro Obregon

Your test…

Political Cartoon Assignment Draw your own political cartoon depicting one of the following events (you must do two): The Taiping rebellion China’s “Open Door Policy” The “Russo-Japanese War” The U.S. acquisition of the Panama Canal The Monroe Doctrine The Roosevelt Corollary The Mexican Revolution Each cartoon must have a 30 word write up explaining the “symbolism” in your cartoon They will be due on by the end of class today