The Immune System Unit 3 Transportation Systems

Structures of the Immune System

Functions of the Immune System Provide immunity to the body by protecting against disease. Identify and kill pathogens and tumor cells. Produces white blood cells and antibodies. Filters out organisms that cause disease.

How does the immune system work?

White blood cells Filtration

White Blood Cells Protect against infection and disease. Produced in the bone marrow and the thymus and then circulate around the body through the blood stream and lymph vessels Can kill pathogens and infected cells or produce antibodies –Many are produced on-demand

Lymph Nodes Filters or traps foreign particles. Contain white blood cells. Found throughout the body in the neck, armpit, chest, abdomen, elbows, groin, and knees.

Tonsils Lymphoid tissue located on either side of the throat. Destroy harmful organisms that enter the body through the mouth.

Diseases and Disorders Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Lupus Mononucleosis

AIDS AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Contagious disease that compromises the immune system. Caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). –AIDS is the final stage of the HIV infection –Average incubation period for AIDS development is 10 years from point of infection. Treated with drug cocktails –Can become multi drug-resistant through mutation –There is no cure Characterized by opportunistic infections and physical wasting –Fungal, bacterial and cancer

HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus Affects Helper T cells It’s a retrovirus that integrates its genes into the host DNA Infected cells produce additional viral particles

How AIDS & HIV Affect the Body

Lupus Chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disorder affecting many organ systems. Body’s defenses are turned against itself and immune cells attack healthy tissues.

Mononucleosis Also known as the kissing disease. Infectious inflammatory disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. Most commonly affects young adults between the ages of 15 and 25.