Unit Four Review: Unit Four Review: Political Geography (Ethnicity, Political Geography) 100 State Shapes 100 Geopolitical Theories States and Nations 100 Ethnicity ? Boundaries

Geopolitical Theories – 100 Question: Alfred T. Mahan’s theory that command of the sea is a decisive factor in international relations. Answer: Sea Power Theory Return

Geopolitical Theories – 200 Question: The view that states resemble biological organisms with life cycles that include all stages of life. Developed by Friedrich Ratzel. Answer: Organic Theory Return

Geopolitical Theories – 300 Question: The political theory that if one nation comes under Communist control then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control. Answer: Domino Theory Return

Geopolitical Theories – 400 Question: What was the Rimland Theory? Answer: Nicholas Spykman's theory that the domination of the coastal fringes of Eurasia would provided the base for world conquest. Return

Geopolitical Theories – 500 Question: Sir Halford John Mackinder’s theory that control of Eastern Europe, or the core of Eurasia, was vital to control of the world. Answer: Heartland Theory Return

State Shapes – 100 Question: A state whose territory is long and narrow in shape. Answer: Elongated State Return

State Shapes – 200 Question: A state whose territory completely surrounds that of another state. Answer: Perforated State Return

State Shapes – 300 Question: A state that is not a contiguous whole but rather separated parts. Answer: Fragmented State Return

State Shapes – 400 Question: What is a prorupted state? Answer: A type of territorial shape that exhibits a narrow, elongated land extension leading away from the main body of the territory. Return

State Shapes – 500 Question: What is an exclave? Answer: A part of a country that is separated from the rest of the country and surrounded by foreign territory. Return

Ethnicity – 100 Question: A subset of human population whose members share certain distinctive, inherited biological characteristics. Answer: Race Return

Ethnicity – 200 Question: The mass expulsion and killing of one ethic or religious group in an area by another ethnic or religious group in that area. Answer: Ethnic Cleansing Return

Ethnicity – 300 Question: A South African social policy of racial segregation involving political, economic, and legal discrimination against non-whites. Answer: Apartheid Return

Ethnicity – 400 Question: The former Yugoslavia was an excellent example of a… Answer: Multinational State Return

Ethnicity – 500 Question: What are the two largest ethnic groups in the United States and where are they clustered? Answer: Latin American (Hispanic) in the southwest, African American in the southeast Return

States and Nations – 100 Question: A city with political and economic control over the surrounding countryside. Answer: City-state Return

States and Nations – 200 Question: A state or territory that is small in both size and population. Answer: Microstate Return

States and Nations – 300 Question: An independent country dominated by a relatively homogeneous culture group. Answer: Nation-state Return

States and Nations – 400 Question: An internal organization of a state that places most power in the hands of central government officials. Answer: Unitary State Return

States and Nations – 500 Question: What is the area on the map known as, and what is it an excellent example of? Answer: Kurdistan, Stateless Nation Return

Boundaries – 100 Question: What is a Superimposed Boundary? Answer: A boundary that is imposed on the cultural landscape which ignores pre-existing cultural patterns. Return

Boundaries – 200 Question: What are Relic Boundaries? Answer: International boundaries that no longer exist. Return

Boundaries – 300 Question: A real or imagined line that defines the boundary of a nation or state like a river, mountain range, or a desert. Answer: Physical or Natural Political Boundary Return

Boundaries – 400 Question: A boundary that developed with the evolution of the cultural landscape and is adjusted as the cultural landscape changes. Answer: Subsequent Boundary Return

Boundaries – 500 Question: A boundary that existed before the cultural landscape emerged and stayed in place while people moved in to occupy the surrounding area. Answer: Antecedent Boundary Return

? – 100 Question: To divide a geographic area into voting districts so as to give unfair advantage to one group or political party in elections. Answer: Gerrymandering Return

? – 200 Question: An international organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members. Answer: European Union Return

? – 300 Question: What is a centrifugal force? Answer: Some factor that tends to push cultural, ethnic, or political groups apart. Return

? – 400 Question: Moving a capital city to contested territory or near an international border, to confirm a state’s determination to maintain its presence in the region. Sometimes the move is to promote population growth in another region of the country. Answer: Forward Capital Return

? – 500 Question: A venture involving three or more national state’s political, economic, or cultural cooperation to promote shared objectives. Answer: Supranationalism Return