A Divided Kingdom: The Books of I & II Kings Fight For The Kingdom I Kings Chapter 1 and 2

Announcements

I Kings WeekDateTopic 105 Sep 12Introduction 212 Sep 12Fight For the Kingdom: I Ki Sep 12Solomon Begins His Reign: I Ki Sep 12Solomon Builds The Temple: I Ki Oct 12Splendor of Solomon’s Kingdom: I Ki Oct 12Solomon’s Demise: I Ki Oct 12Division of the Kingdom: I Ki: Oct 12Early History of the Kingdoms, Pt 1: I Ki 12:25-16: Oct 12Early History of the Kingdoms, Pt 2: I Ki 12:25-16: Nov 12Stories of Elijah: I Ki 17:1-19: Nov 12War with Syria: I Ki 20: Nov 12More Stories of Elijah: I Ki 21:1-21: Nov 12Ahab’s Final Battle: I Ki 22:1-53

Today’s Objectives Review historical context of I Kings chapter 1 and 2, especially events in II Samuel Study the socio-economic factors during the period Review historical maps of Israel and the region Learn about Adonijah’s attempt to become king and David’s reaction Learn how Solomon becomes king Discover David’s charge to Solomon and how they remain relevant today Review Solomon actions against David’s enemies

Overview of I and II Kings Originally one book –Early Greek manuscripts of the OT combined the books of Samuel and Kings under the title of "kingdoms," or "reigns" –Kings was broken into two books for convenience sake because of its length (Greek translation) Authorship –Some portions of the book identical to the book of Jeremiah –Jeremiah would have personal knowledge of some contents –Evidence that Ezra was the author after the Babylonian captivity Timeline –Approximately 400 years, written between 560 B.C. and 538 B.C. –Start: Death of David in 971 B.C. –End: Jehoiachin's release from a Babylonian prison in 562 B.C.

Overview of I and II Kings Books of Samuel and Kings cover Israel's period as a nation under a king: –I Samuel: Life of Saul –II Samuel: Life of David –I Kings: Solomon and the divided kingdom –II Kings: The fall of the divided kingdoms of Israel and Judah Content of I and II Kings –47 chapters (I Ki – 22 chapters, II Ki – 25 chapters) –History of the Jewish commonwealth –Death of David to subjugation to Babylonians

Purpose –Imparting of great moral lessons backed up by well- known illustrations –Religious history –Focused upon kings rather than prophets Key Lesson –God does not fail His people; His people, led by their kings, have failed God –God’s covenant has the contingency of Israel’s faithfulness –Covenant also promises a return from exile those that return to God Overview of I and II Kings

Prehistory Exact Dates Uncertain Creation The Flood The Tower of Babel The Fall of Man

The Patriarchal Period 2166 B.C. Patriarchal Period Begins Birth of Abram 2091 B.C. Call of Abram Arrival in Canaan 2067 B.C. Dealings with Nephew, Lot Sodom & Gomorrah 2081 B.C. Marriage to Hagar 2080 B.C. Birth of Ishmael 2066 B.C. Birth of Isaac Date Uncertain Testing of Abraham 2026 B.C. Isaac’s Marriage to Rebekah 2029 B.C. Death of Sarah 1991 B.C. Death of Abraham 2006 B.C. Birth of Jacob & Esau 1930 B.C. Jacob’s Journey from the Promised Land 1910 B.C. Jacob’s Return to the Promised Land = Jacob’s Stay in Haran, Marriages, and Childbirths

End of Patriarchal Period & Beginning of Egyptian Sojourn 1899 B.C. Joseph Sold as Slave = Joseph's Separation from his Family 1889 B.C. Joseph Imprisoned 1886 B.C. Joseph Released & Made Official Death of Isaac 1879 B.C. Beginning of Famine 1878 B.C. Brothers First Journey to Egypt 1877 B.C. Brothers Second Journey to Egypt 1876 B.C. Israel's Move to Egypt Egyptian Sojourn Begins 1859 B.C. Death of Jacob 1806 B.C. Patriarchal Period Ends Death of Joseph = Egyptian Sojourn 430 Years 1526 B.C. Moses is Born

The Exodus, Conquest of the Promised Land & Early Judges 1526 B.C. Moses is Born, Taken from Nile 1446 B.C. Return of Moses & Exodus 1486 B.C. Moses Flees Egypt = Egyptian Sojourn 430 Years B.C. Sinaitic Covenant Desert Wanderings B.C. Joshua’s Conquest & Occupation 1406 B.C. Death of Moses B.C. Othniel‘s Judgeship B.C. Ehud’s Judgeship 1230 B.C. Shamgar‘s Judgeship B.C. Deborah‘s Judgeship B.C. Gideon‘s Judgeship B.C. Abimelech’s Pagan Kingdom B.C. Minor Judges

Late Judges and United Monarchy 1106 B.C. Jephthah’s Judgeship B.C. Samson’s Judgeship Uncertain Dates During the Time of Judges The Bethlehem Trilogy B.C. Minor Judges 1084 B.C. Samuel’s Judgeship B.C. Saul’s Reign 1011 B.C. Death of Saul David’s Reign Begins Over Judah B.C B.C. David’s Reign 1004 B.C. Reign over Israel Begins Jerusalem Conquered B.C. David’s Exile from Saul 992 B.C. Adultery with Bathsheba 991 B.C. Birth of Solomon B.C. Coregency 971 B.C. Death of David Solomon’s Coronation 931 B.C. Death of Solomon Kingdom Divides B.C. Building of the Temple B.C. Solomon's Reign

Divided Monarchy – Israel's Timeline B.C. Ahaziah B.C. Jeroboam B.C. Jehoash B.C. Jehu B.C. Jehoahaz 753 B.C. Zechariah B.C. Jeroboam II Overlapping Dates Suggest Coregencies B.C. Joram B.C. Ahab B.C. Omri 885 B.C. Zimri B.C. Elah B.C. Baasha B.C. Asa B.C. Rehoboam B.C. Abijah B.C. Nadab B.C. Uzziah B.C. Jehoshaphat B.C. Jehoram 841 B.C. Ahaziah B.C. Athaliah B.C B.C. Joash B.C. Amaziah

Divided Monarchy – Israel's Timeline Overlapping Dates Suggest Coregencies B.C. Menahem, B.C. Pekah B.C. Pekahiah B.C. Hoshea 752 B.C. Shallum B.C. Hezekiah B.C. Manasseh B.C. Amon B.C. Josiah 609 B.C. Jehoahaz B.C. Jehoiakim B.C. Jehoiachin B.C. Zedekiah B.C. Jotham B.C. Ahaz 722 B.C. Fall of Israel The Northern Kingdom 586 B.C. Fall of Judah The Southern Kingdom

Returns and Restoration 538 B.C. Cyrus Liberates the Israelites. Birth of Christ New Testament Begins 539 B.C. Fall of Babylon 425 B.C. – 5 A.D. Silent Transitional Period Approximately 425 B.C. End of Old Testament Israel 515 B.C. Completion of New Temple 536 B.C. Foundations Laid for New Temple Around 474 B.C. Time of Esther 458 B.C. Ezra’s Pilgrimage 458 B.C. Nehemiah’s Pilgrimage B.C. Construction of New Temple

Key Events in I Samuel God calls Samuel to prophetic service (I Sam 3:1-4:1) Elders of Israel approach Samuel and request a King, Saul chosen (I Sam 8:1-9, 11:12-14) God Rejects Saul as king of Israel (I Sam 15:10-23) Samuel Anoints David (I Sam 16:8-13) Saul is Jealous of David (I Sam 18:1-9) Saul confirms his hatred of David (I Sam 20:24- 34) Saul takes his own life (I Sam 31:1-13)

David is anointed king over Israel (II Sam 5:1- 5) God makes a covenant with David (II Sam 7:8- 17) David moral failure (II Sam 11:1-5, 14-27) Absalom plots against David, David flees Jerusalem (II Sam 15:1-23) David returns to Jerusalem (II Sam 19:8-15) Key Events in II Samuel

I Kings Chapter 1 and 2 Main Characters King David Abishag the Shunammite – beautiful woman added to David’s harem to nurse in his final days Adonijah – fourth son of David, and apparently the oldest living at the time of his death, thought he deserved to be king Joab – David’s sister’s son, who led his armies Abiathar – Descendant of Eli the high priest and one of two priests chosen to David’s royal court. Partly responsible for the incident when Uzzah died trying to keep the ark from falling. Abiathar should have made sure it was carried properly Zadok – Other priest with Abiathar. Also partly responsible for the incident with Uzzah

Benaiah – One of David’s mighty men, responsible for killing a lion in a pit, killing two great warriors of Moab, and killing an Egyptian giant (2 Sam 23:20-22, 1 Chr 11:22-24) Nathan the prophet – brought David word from God after David committed adultery with Bathsheba. Bathsheba – wife of David, father of Solomon. Solomon – youngest son of King David. Shimei the Benjamite – one who cursed David as he was fleeing from his son Absalom, David direct Solomon to kill him I Kings Chapter 1 and 2 Main Characters

Adonijah Sets Himself Up As King (I Kings 1:1-27) David attended by Abishag (1:1-4) Adonijah devises a plan to ascend the throne –Assembles chariots, horses, and fifty men (1:5) –David rarely questions Adonijah’s actions (1:6) –Confers with Joab and Abiathar for support (1:7) –Zadok, Nathan, and others refuse support (1:8) Adonijah celebrates (1:9) –Solomon not invited (1:10) Nathan and Bathsheba conspire to interrupt Adonijah’s ascension to the throne (1:11-14)

Adonijah Sets Himself Up As King (I Kings 1:1-27) Nathan and Bathsheba hatch their plot (1:15-27) –Bathsheba informs David of Adonijah’s actions –She reminds David of his vow to make Solomon the king (1:17) –Expresses fear for Solomon and her life (1:21) –Nathan enters and reinforces Bathsheba’s story (1:24-27)

David Makes Solomon King (I Kings 1:28-53) David announces that Solomon will be king –Takes an oath (1:29) –Solomon will be king after David (1:30) –Directs Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah to go an anoint Solomon king (1:32-35) Solomon is anointed king –All the people went after him rejoicing (1:40) –At the same time as Adonijah’s party (1:41) –News of Solomon’s anointing is delivered to Adonijah (1:43-49)

David Makes Solomon King (I Kings 1:28-53) Adonijah is gripped with fear –Takes hold of the horns of the altar (1:50) –Wants Solomon to swear that he will not die (1:51) Solomon replies –If he shows himself worthy, he will not be touched (1:52) –Adonijah bows down to Solomon and is sent home (1:53)

David’s Charge To Solomon (I Kings 2:1-12) Near death, David issues a charge to Solomon –Be strong, show yourself a man (2:2) –Observe what God requires (2:3) Walk in His ways Keep His decrees and commands Keep His laws and requirement As written in the Law of Moses –If Solomon did these things, God would keep the promise he made to David (2:4) David issues additional instructions (2:5-9) David dies, buried in the city of David (2:10)

Solomon’s Throne Established (I Kings 2:13-46) Adonijah wants to take Abishag as his wife –Uses Bathsheba to get Solomon’s blessing (2:13-18) –Bathsheba agrees, asks Solomon (2:19-22) –Solomon is outraged, thought he still aspired to be king (2:22) –Solomon has Adonijah put to death (2:25) Abiathar banished –To Anathoth, removed from priesthood (2:26-27) Joab is killed (2:28-34) Shimei is confined to Jerusalem and would not be harmed, but eventually left and was killed (2:36-46)

Review Reviewed historical context of I Kings chapter 1 and 2, especially events in II Samuel Studied the socio-economic factors during the period Reviewed historical maps of Israel and the region Learned about Adonijah’s attempt to become king and David’s reaction Learned how Solomon becomes king Discovered David’s charge to Solomon and how they remain relevant today Reviewed Solomon actions against David’s enemies Next week I Kings 3-5