Hittite Kingdom (18th-12th centuries BCE) & Urgarit Expanse of Hittite Kingdom--> “Age” of the Patriarchs ( ) “Age” of Mosaic Monotheism Age of “Exodus”

The “Exodus” late 13th c BCE Decline of Hittite Kingdom Exodus Mosaic Monotheism –Yahwehist Tribes Compare to Hittite material –Monotheism –God as King –Change political rhetoric

BCE - Israel's Patriarchal period BCE - Mosaic period – Exodus from Egypt, migration(s) to Canaan /1000 BCE - Period of the Judges BCE - Monarchic period in Israel BCE – Davidic Monarchy BCE – King Solomon; building of the Jerusalem Temple Jewish History Time-Line

Davidic Monarchy King David BCE Covenant = Davidic Charter –Legitimization of Kingdom –Sanctification of Political Authority (Theocracy) Multiple Biblical Traditions Involving Divine Covenant –2 Sam. 2, 5, 7 –Gen. 12, 15, 17, 21 –Gen. 9 Contrast with Sinai Covenant –Exodus 20

Solomon’s Temple (Constructed BCE, Destroyed 587BCE) Biblical Account Construction Description Dedication (Ark of the Covenant) Ritual Practice (Yom Kippur)

Jewish TimeLine--Part II 931 BCE – With death of King Solomon, Northern Kingdom (Israel) secede from Southern Kingdom (Judah) 722/721 BCE - Northern Kingdom (Israel) conquered by Assyrians, population dispersed (= “lost tribes of Israel”) 620 BCE – King Josiah (of Judah) and "Deuteronomic Reforms” BCE - Judean Prophets, Jeremiah and Ezekiel 586 BCE - Southern Kingdom (Judah) and Jerusalem Temple destroyed by Babylonians (Nebuchadnezzar); Babylonian Exile

Babylonian Exile 587/586BCE, Return 538BCE (The Great Divide) Gravity of destruction Judahite Community in Babylon Return to Judah 538BCE (Cyrus the Great, of Persia) Marks decisive shift in scriptural interpretation and production Interpretative practice (both in scripture and ritual) as Identity construction