Mrs. Agosta, Mrs. Hassett and Ms. Pojer

I. History: Judaism is the first monotheistic religion Yahweh is the Hebrew name for God.

Hebrews were nomads who lived in the Fertile Crescent (the birthplace of monotheism)

Hebrews, settled in Palestine or Canaan (the Promised Land)

Other Names for Jews Hebrews Hebrews Israelites Israelites

In 930 BCE, the Kingdom split North - Israel South - Judah Israel was invaded and the Hebrews lived under foreign rule DON’T WRITE

Diaspora- When a group of people are forced off their land. Jews had to leave Palestine and were scattered. They kept their beliefs and later influenced Christianity and Islam

II. Beliefs: Monotheism- believe in one true God Jews are God’s Chosen people- God made a covenant (binding agreement) with Abraham

Sacred Text: Torah Torah - First 5 books of the Old Testament - First 5 books of the Old Testament

Ten Commandments- laws that God gave to the Hebrews through Moses

Prophets- spiritual leaders that preached ethics (moral living) Ex: Abraham, Moses Moses and the Burning Bush

Place of Worship: Synagogue or Temple on Saturdays (Sabbath)

III. Important Leaders: Abraham- Patriarch (or father) of Judaism He made a covenant with God

ABRAHAM SARAH HAGAR Isaac Esau Jacob 12 Tribes of Israel Ishmael 12 Arabian Tribes Abraham’s Geneaology

Moses- He led the Hebrews out of slavery in Egypt to the Promised Land (Canaan). This is called the Exodus. “Shepherd of His People”

King David- united the Jewish empire

King Solomon David’s son David’s son Made Jerusalem into an impressive capital Made Jerusalem into an impressive capital

Deborah- female prophet In most societies, women were subordinate (inferior) to men and could not participate in some religious ceremonies.

Today: Israel is Jewish Israel is Jewish Palestine is Muslim Palestine is Muslim They believe in common holy places in Israel like Jerusalem. This has led to constant fighting.

Hasidic Jews Strict form of Judaism. They live in communities, don’t cut their facial hair and wear simple clothing. Strict form of Judaism. They live in communities, don’t cut their facial hair and wear simple clothing.

Mount Sinai

St. Catherine’s Monastery at Mount Sinai

Recreation of Ancient Jerusalem

King Solomon’s Temple Floor Plan The First Temple

Inside the Temple Tabernacle The Arc of the Covenant

The Temple Mount, Jerusalem Today Solomon’s Temple Wall: The “Wailing” Wall

Kingdoms of Judah & Israel Kingdoms of Judah & Israel

Israelites in Captivity

Jerusalem: Reading the Torah