The Neolithic Revolution Chapter 1.2
I will be able TO: Describe technological and artistic achievements of the Paleolithic Age Define and describe the Neolithic Revolution Give examples of advantages and disadvantages of hunter-gatherer societies and farming villages
New Tool kits Paleolithic hunter-gatherers developed sophisticated tool kits Knives, fish hooks, chisels, needles Specialized tools for specific purposes
Early development of writing! Paleolithic Art Stone Age artists create paintings and decorative objects Represented significant ideas: Religion Celebrations Informational lessons Leadership Early development of writing!
Hunting and Gathering Using wild animals and plants for food Migrate seasonally Live in family or tribal groups
H/G Advantages Land supplies whatever is needed Movement is easier when food is scarce Life encourages cooperation and language skills Special weapons and tools develop for hunting and digging up plants
H/G Disadvantages People are always searching for new food sources It is more difficult to store food People must carry everything along when traveling Only simple social organization is possible
Neolithic revolution Warming climate and growing population lead to development of agriculture Early farmers practice slash-and-burn farming Domestication of animals Breaks Malthus’ food v. population growth cycle
Neolithic Communities Raise herds of tame animals Plant seeds and raise crops Live in permanent settlements
Neolithic advantages Crops provide reliable food supply Population grows as life becomes more complex Societies become more complex Trade increases and commerce develops Division of labor allows workers to specialize
Neolithic Disadvantages Crop failures due to weather or pests Floods, famine, or raiders could destroy villages Disease spreads easily when people live together
Global Growth Farming develops in many regions around the world as farmers learn to cultivate a variety of plants Early centers of agriculture: Africa China Mexico and Central America Peru