Latin American History

What were the Mayans best known for?

Corn, calculus and pyramids

Where was the Mayan Empire located?

Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

What was the Inca Empire best known for?

Potatoes, building roads and bridges Inca Rope bridges Inca Road Map

Where was the Inca Empire located?

Andes Mountains, South America Inca city, Machu Pichu, in the Andes Mountains Andes Mountains, Home of the Incas Inca Empire

What were the Aztec best known for?

Gold and human sacrifice!

Where was the Aztec Empire located?

Central Mexico

Why did Columbus set sail in 1492?

He wanted to find a western route to India, but he ran into the Caribbean island of Cuba. Columbus’ first trip Columbus thought India was here

Cuba became a colony of which country?

Spain Columbus sailed for Spain, so he claimed Cuba for Spain Cuba Spain

Who conquered the Aztec?

Hernan Cortez Spain Then, Cortez was horrified by Aztec human sacrifice But he really wanted the Aztec’s gold At first, Cortez was treated like a god

Since Cortez defeated the Aztec, Cortez claimed Mexico for which country?

Spain The Aztec Empire became part of the Spanish Empire

Who conquered the Inca Empire?

Francisco Pizzaro Spain Pizzaro executes an Incan chief Smallpox killed many Incas before Pizzaro showed up

Pizzaro claimed most of South America for which Empire?

Spain Former Inca Empire now belongs to Spain Pizzaro used the excellent Inca roads to move quickly and defeat them

Brazil becomes the colony of which European country?

Portugal Brazil is claimed by Portugal

Most South American colonies were controlled by which country?

Spain Virtually all of Latin America, with the exception of Brazil, was controlled by Spain

What missionaries were sent to Latin America?

Jesuits Catholic missionaries, since Spain is Catholic

What religion dominates Latin America today?

Roman Catholic The Vatican, home of the Pope, Rome, Italy. Pope John Paul II

What language dominates Latin America?

Spanish

Since the Spanish language and the Catholic Church dominate Latin America, what does this indicate about Latin America’s history?

Latin America was dominated by Spanish culture for an extended period of time (cultural diffusion). Catholic Religion Jesuit missionaries

What were the effects of European exploration?

Europeans R.A.C.E.D. to conquer the Americas “Conquistadors” conquered America

The “R” in R.A.C.E.D stands for which effect on the Americas?

R: Rigid class system and dictatorships in Latin America. Spanish on top Mulattos--part Spanish, part Native American Native Americans, slaves on botton

The “A” in R.A.C.E.D stands for which effect on the Americas?

A: African slaves brought to America African slaves were brought across on the “middle passage” The cargo hold of a slave ship was hot, cramped, and putrid.

The “C” in R.A.C.E.D stands for which effect on the Americas?

C: Colonies imitate the culture of parent country

The “E” in R.A.C.E.D stands for which effect on the Americas?

E : Europeans immigrate to North and South America

The “D” in R.A.C.E.D stands for which effect on the Americas?

D: Demise of the Inca, Mayan, and Aztec Empires Although some Native American died from wars with Europeans, the vast majority died from diseases carried by Europeans, like smallpox Victims of smallpox

Name the four major European countries that R.A.C.E.D.to conquer the Americas.

Spain: Caribbean, Latin America Portugal: Brazil France: Quebec England: eastern North America

What did the exchange of products between America and Europe become known as?

The Columbian Exchange “ It was named after me, of course, since I started the exchange of goods between Europe and America!”

Which products went from Europe TO AMERICA due to the Columbian exchange?

Horses, Cattle, and diseases like smallpox went to America Animals like the horse changed Native American lifestyles Smallpox killed millions of Native Americans

Which products went from America TO EUROPE due to the Columbian exchange?

Corn, tobacco, and potatoes were seen for the first time in Europe

What were the effects of the Columbian Exchange?

The Columbian Exchange caused the growth of C.R.O.P.S !

The “C” in C.R.O.P.S stands for which effect of the Columbian Exchange?

C: Cash crops grown in the Caribbean and in Americas

The “R” in C.R.O.P.S stands for which effect of the Columbian Exchange?

R : Race based slavery (Africans)

The “O” in C.R.O.P.S stands for which effect of the Columbian Exchange?

O : Oh, the four main cash crops are cotton, tobacco, coffee, and sugar Sugarcane Tobacco leaves drying Cotton waiting to be picked Coffee beans

The “P” in C.R.O.P.S stands for which effect of the Columbian Exchange?

P : Plantation system: grow cash crops

The “S” in C.R.O.P.S stands for which effect of the Columbian Exchange?

S : Slaves brought from Africa

What is the typical government in Latin America?

Dictatorships Spain had a similar government and Latin America countries copied its mother country

What two events influenced many Latin American countries to demand independence from Spain and Portugal?

The American Revolution and the French Revolution Storming of the Bastille The Declaration of Independence

Who led most of South America to independence from Spain?

Simon Bolivar Freedom! “The Liberator”

Haiti was a colony of which country?

France Haiti Haiti was an important sugar producing colony for the French Empire

Who led Haiti’s war of independence against France and Napoleon?

Toussaint L’Ouverture Toussaint L’Ouverture was a former slave on a sugar plantation Haitian slaves killed almost all the whites on the island After fighting the Haitian slaves for several years unsuccessfully, Napoleon finally gave in, and let Haiti go in 1804

When did the Cuban Revolution take place?

1959 Cuba

Who led the Cuban Revolution?

Fidel Castro

As an effect of the Cuban Revolution, what type of government did Castro create in Cuba?

Communist Karl Marx, author of “The Communist Manifesto ” Vladimir Lenin: founder of the the first communist country the U.S.S.R. U.S.S.R dictator, Joseph Stalin, one of Casto’s heroes

When was the Cuban Missile Crisis?

1962 vs

What caused the Cuban Missile Crisis?

The Soviet Union tried to put nuclear missiles in Cuba -- only 90 miles from the United States Only 90 miles!

How did the Cuban Missile Crisis end?

After a naval blockade of Cuba by the U.S., the U.S.S.R. took the missiles home U.S. naval blocade