C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 1 AMERICA AS A WORLD POWER (1865–1914) Section 1:The United States Gains Overseas Territories Section 2:The Spanish-American War Section 3:The United States and Latin America Section 4:The United States and Mexico Chapter 10

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 2 OBJECTIVES Why did some people favor expansion over isolationism? Why did some people favor expansion over isolationism? What events led to the U.S. annexation of Hawaii? What events led to the U.S. annexation of Hawaii? What was the goal of U.S. foreign policy in Japan and China? What was the goal of U.S. foreign policy in Japan and China? Section 1: The United States Gains Overseas Territories

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 3 Favoring Expansion Over Isolationism wanted to extend the economic influence of the United States into new markets wanted to extend the economic influence of the United States into new markets wanted to expand the power of the U.S. military to protect these new foreign markets wanted to expand the power of the U.S. military to protect these new foreign markets Section 1: The United States Gains Overseas Territories

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 4 Events Leading to the U.S. Annexation of Hawaii Sugar prices dropped causing the economy to collapse. Sugar prices dropped causing the economy to collapse. In 1893 the planters revolted against Queen Liliuokalani ’ s constitutional monarchy. In 1893 the planters revolted against Queen Liliuokalani ’ s constitutional monarchy. Planters revolt was successful and they formed a new government with Sanford B. Dole serving as president. Planters revolt was successful and they formed a new government with Sanford B. Dole serving as president. Section 1: The United States Gains Overseas Territories

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 5 Events Leading to the U.S. Annexation of Hawaii U.S. Minister John L. Stevens declared Hawaii to be under U.S. control on February 1, U.S. Minister John L. Stevens declared Hawaii to be under U.S. control on February 1, Section 1: The United States Gains Overseas Territories (continued)

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 6 Goal of U.S. Foreign Policy in Japan and China Hoping to find new markets, American traders in the 1800 ’ s looked to Asian markets, particularly China and Japan. Hoping to find new markets, American traders in the 1800 ’ s looked to Asian markets, particularly China and Japan. U.S. announced the Open Door Policy – a policy of preserving equal access for all nations to trade in China to protect American trade. U.S. announced the Open Door Policy – a policy of preserving equal access for all nations to trade in China to protect American trade. Section 1: The United States Gains Overseas Territories

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 7 Goal of U.S. Foreign Policy in Japan and China U.S. wanted to prevent any European colonization of China that would limit U.S. influence there. U.S. wanted to prevent any European colonization of China that would limit U.S. influence there. Section 1: The United States Gains Overseas Territories (continued)

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 8 OBJECTIVES How did the press affect U.S. involvement in the conflict between Spain and Cuba? How did the press affect U.S. involvement in the conflict between Spain and Cuba? What enabled the United States to win the war against Spain? What enabled the United States to win the war against Spain? How did the Spanish-American War affect the Philippines, Cuba, and Puerto Rico? How did the Spanish-American War affect the Philippines, Cuba, and Puerto Rico? Section 2: The Spanish-American War

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 9 The Press and It ’ s Effect on U.S. Involvement in the Conflict Between Spain and Cuba The press exaggerated the Cuban conflict further increasing American support for the Cubans. The press exaggerated the Cuban conflict further increasing American support for the Cubans. In their competition for readers, Joseph Pulitzer of the New York World and William Randolph Hearst printed sensational, often exaggerated, stories in order to sell newspapers in what became known as yellow journalism. In their competition for readers, Joseph Pulitzer of the New York World and William Randolph Hearst printed sensational, often exaggerated, stories in order to sell newspapers in what became known as yellow journalism. Section 2: The Spanish-American War

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 10 Reasons for U.S. Victory Over Spain The U.S. had a more powerful navy. The U.S. had a more powerful navy. The U.S. had a larger army. The U.S. had a larger army. The U.S. had the support of local rebels. The U.S. had the support of local rebels. Section 2: The Spanish-American War

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 11 The Spanish-American War and the Philippines, Cuba, and Puerto Rico The peace treaty placed Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines under U.S. control. The peace treaty placed Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines under U.S. control. President McKinley set up a military government in Cuba. President McKinley set up a military government in Cuba. The Platt Amendment allowed the U.S. to intervene in Cuban affairs. The Platt Amendment allowed the U.S. to intervene in Cuban affairs. Puerto Rico became a commonwealth. Puerto Rico became a commonwealth. The Philippines became a U.S. colony. The Philippines became a U.S. colony. Section 2: The Spanish-American War

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 12 OBJECTIVES What steps did the United States take to build a canal across Panama? What steps did the United States take to build a canal across Panama? How did U.S. involvement in Latin America change under President Theodore Roosevelt? How did U.S. involvement in Latin America change under President Theodore Roosevelt? How did Presidents Taft and Wilson enforce the Monroe Doctrine? How did Presidents Taft and Wilson enforce the Monroe Doctrine? Section 3: The United States and Latin America

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 13

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 14 Steps Taken to Build the Panama Canal — Four Treaties Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (1850) – U.S. and Great Britain agreed to jointly build and maintain a canal Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (1850) – U.S. and Great Britain agreed to jointly build and maintain a canal Hay-Pauncefote Treaty (1901) – the British gave up their interest the Central American canal in return for the U.S. agreeing to keep the canal open to all vessels at all times Hay-Pauncefote Treaty (1901) – the British gave up their interest the Central American canal in return for the U.S. agreeing to keep the canal open to all vessels at all times Section 3: The United States and Latin America

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 15 Steps Taken to Build the Panama Canal — Four Treaties Hay-Herran Treaty (1903) – proposed agreement between Colombia and the U.S. to allow the U.S. to build a transatlantic canal in Colombia Hay-Herran Treaty (1903) – proposed agreement between Colombia and the U.S. to allow the U.S. to build a transatlantic canal in Colombia Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty (1903) – agreement that gave the U.S. a 99 year lease to build a canal on a 10-mile wide strip of land across the Isthmus of Panama Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty (1903) – agreement that gave the U.S. a 99 year lease to build a canal on a 10-mile wide strip of land across the Isthmus of Panama Section 3: The United States and Latin America (continued)

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 16 Changes in Latin America Under Roosevelt U.S. became more involved in Latin American affairs. U.S. became more involved in Latin American affairs. Roosevelt issued the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine making the U.S. the “ police officer ” of the Western Hemisphere. Roosevelt issued the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine making the U.S. the “ police officer ” of the Western Hemisphere. Section 3: The United States and Latin America

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 17 Ways Taft and Wilson Enforced the Monroe Doctrine Taft used dollar diplomacy. Dollar diplomacy was Taft ’ s plan of influencing Latin American governments through economic rather than military intervention. Taft used dollar diplomacy. Dollar diplomacy was Taft ’ s plan of influencing Latin American governments through economic rather than military intervention. Section 3: The United States and Latin America

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 18 Ways Taft and Wilson Enforced the Monroe Doctrine Wilson believed that the United States had a moral obligation to promote democracy in Latin America. He wanted to protect U.S. interests in the area by backing a democratic government. Wilson sent more troops into Latin America than any president before him. Wilson believed that the United States had a moral obligation to promote democracy in Latin America. He wanted to protect U.S. interests in the area by backing a democratic government. Wilson sent more troops into Latin America than any president before him. (continued) Section 3: The United States and Latin America

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 19 OBJECTIVES Why did the Mexican people revolt against their government in 1910? Why did the Mexican people revolt against their government in 1910? What caused Mexican immigration to the United States to increase in the early 1900 ’ s? What caused Mexican immigration to the United States to increase in the early 1900 ’ s? Why did President Woodrow Wilson intervene in the Mexican Revolution? Why did President Woodrow Wilson intervene in the Mexican Revolution? Section 4: The United States and Mexico

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 20 Mexican Revolution The Mexican people revolted against President Porfirio Diaz and the role of foreign companies in Mexico resulting in the Mexican Revolution in Section 4: The United States and Mexico

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 21 Mexican immigrated to the U.S. in the early 1800 ’ s to: escape violence escape violence avoid political persecution avoid political persecution find jobs find jobs Section 4: The United States and Mexico

C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 1865 to the Present 22 Wilson ’ s Reaction Wilson intervened in Mexico to protect American investments in that country. Wilson intervened in Mexico to protect American investments in that country. Mexican rebels began to attack cities in the U.S. and Wilson responded by sending troops led by John J. Pershing into Mexico. Mexican rebels began to attack cities in the U.S. and Wilson responded by sending troops led by John J. Pershing into Mexico. Section 4: The United States and Mexico