Latin American Independence Movements 1800-1840
Origins of the Independence Movements Creoles Government Jobs Peninsulares Mercantilism European Goods VS Colonial Goods Taxes from Spain Climate of Resentment
Origins of the Independence 1767 Jesuits The Catholic Church An act of tyranny
Origins December 1804 The Consolidacion Decree Charitable Church Funds Mexico Financial Institutions The Mexican Economy The Lower Clergy
Origins North American Shipping Revolutionary Writings The French Revolution The Haitian Revolt The Reign of Terror The Creole upper class
Origins Latin American Armies Colonial Militias Security
Origins 1800 The Enlightenment Creoles vs Peninsulares Creoles vs lower class Liberty to the masses
The Wars for Independence The Napoleonic Wars Naval Blockades Diminishing Spanish Authority The Malvinas Buenos Aires Effects on the Creoles
The Wars for Independence 1808 Joseph Bonaparte The reaction of the Creoles Problems with Unity
Mexico Creole Elite Miguel Hidalgo September 16, 1810 The role of the Natives and mestizos 1811
Mexico Jose Maria Morelos November 6, 1813 Reasons for fighting The capture of Morelos Ferdinand VII
Mexico Unity January 1, 1820 The Cadiz Mutiny Changes in Spain The Creole Response
Mexico Ferdinand VII Vincente Guerrero General Agustin de Iturbide The Plan of Iguala (February 1821) New Rules September 1821 Agustin I
Mexico Problems for Iturbide Wealthy Creoles Ideas of a republic Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna General Guadalupe Victoria Civil War in Mexico
Venezuela Simon Bolivar 1811 The Venezuelan Republican Constitution Pardos Reasons for divided support.
Venezuela Bolivar flees to Colombia Gaining support of the lower classes “war to death” Caracas
Venezuela The Liberator Bolivar’s policies Slave Revolts Llaneros Bolivar flees May 1815
Venezuela Continuing the fight Bolivar’s thoughts on government September 1816 Forming alliances Abolishing slavery Land grants English Mercenaries
Venezuela The Battle of Boyacá Bogota August 7, 1819 The Republic of Colombia Carabobo June 1821
Southern South America Buenos Aires United Provinces of Rio de la Plata Jose San Martin Promises of freedom Argentina
Southern South America San Martin crosses into Chile Chacabuco Maipu Bernardo O’Higgins February 1818
Southern South America Focusing on Peru O’Higgins faces problems San Martin attacks Peru July 1821
Southern South America July 1822 Bolivar and San Martin meet San Martin leaves South America December 1824 Bolivar leaves South America
Results of Independence New Nations Destruction of life and property Decapitalization Reduction of power in the Catholic Church Increase in military strength The decline of slavery Power remained in the hands of the Creoles
Results of Independence Lack of freedom and prosperity Exports Britain Caudillos Government problems
Latin American governments The chief executive Lesser caudillos The role of the Judiciary The legislative branch Elections Voting rights and rules Differences between conservatives and liberals
Brazil Portugal Brazil gets neglected Population Sugar and cotton Ties with the home country
Brazil Peace independence 1808 King Joao VI Rio de Janeiro Brazil becomes a co-equal with Portugal
Brazil The Cortes April 1821 Prince Pedro Brazilian Independence The role of Britain
The US response Trade with the US James Madison James Monroe Recognition
The US response Great Britain John Quincy Adams The Monroe Doctrine Two spheres Non intervention