Magic Weaver An Agent Based Simulation Framework for Wireless Sensor Networks

What Should You Take Away? Extremely High Level Overview of Sensor Networks Design Rationale of MagicWeaver Capabilities of MagicWeaver Research & Implementation – Where do we draw the line?

Outline Sensor Networks –Overview of Sensor Networks –Typical Characteristics of Sensor Devices –Typical Application Areas –Research Areas MagicWeaver –Motivation –Design,Implementation –Discussion & Future Work –What I gained from it?

Sensor Nets Overview Caters to the environments in which humans operate Step towards “Everyday objects acting as computing devices” Adhoc Networks Vs Sensor Networks –Nature of Deployment - Planned –Degree of Device Constraints - Extreme –Functioning Mode - Unattended –Scale of Devices – Huge Numbers

Sensor Nets Overview –Infrastructure: Often Present –Task Definition: Well Defined –Location: Known –Replenishment: Often Not Possible –Applications: Towards an Environment “Human-Centric to Human Supervised Computing”

Characteristics of Sensor Devices Array of Sensors: Temperature, Pressure, Light, Acoustic, Motion Detectors etc. Non-replinishable Energy - Currently Less than 4 KB of memory No Persistent Storage Processing Capacity: 4 MHz to 20 MHz Communication Radius: Few Tens of Feet

Berkeley Motes-weC Mini Mote 19.1 Kbps 20m Range Light Sensing Temperature Sensing 4 MHz – 3.0 V 8 Kb –Program Memory 512 b – Data Memory Available from: CrossBow Inc. $900 for a complete kit.

Application Areas Military Environments –Surveillance information/Reconnaissance Missions Bio-medical Sensing –Monitoring of conditions inside human body Less Accessible environments like large Industrial Plants and Aircraft Interiors Smart Spaces –Smart Offices and Rooms, Rock Concerts

Research Areas in Sensor Nets Hardware Research –Practically deployable devices –Smart Dust Networking Research –Energy-aware routing protocols Data Management Research –Energy-aware data propagation schemes –Data Fusion and analysis Software Engineering Research –Platforms for building sensor applications

MagicWeaver Why ? –Thesis in Sensor Nets –Data Management – Key Focus –Research is recently spurred What ? –Simulation Framework For Sensor Networks –Multi-agent system modeling sensor nodes and its actions –Software API for incorporating various models “Let’s Weave Magic”

Course of Execution Initial Work plan –To Understand various data propagation schemes SPIN, Directed Diffusion, Flooding and Gossipping –To gain further insights into the domain System Built –Framework for Simulation –Models in Sensor Networks “Final Link is Yet to be Established”

Related Work SensorSim –Closest it can get –NS-2 Mobility and Wireless Extensions + Sensor Network Extensions SensorWare –Middleware for Mobile Code Support Slew of Work in USC/ISI, UCLA, Berkeley

Overview of MagicWeaver Agents-Sensors – High Degree of Correlation Heterogeneity of Algorithms – Warrants a Flexible framework Abstracts Models pertinent in Sensor Networks Runtime Environment for execution under the purview of “User-Defined” models. Object-Oriented Model Definitions Java + JADE

Towards a Framework Agent Framework Tasking & Task Model Environment Model Device & Cache Model Data Propagation Model Motes, LRR Random Temp,Pres Motion, Sound Flooding Location & Clustering Model (X,Y)-Distance Based Base Station Model Data Format

Agent Components Logger Network Topology Agent Base Station Agent Environmental Agent Sensor Agent

Design of a Sensor Agent DCL DPDLSTL Controller Introspector NTNT Agent Platform DCL: Device Constraint Layer STL: Sensor Tasking Layer DPDL: Data Propagation Definition Layer NT:Network Topology

Interaction Pattern Get Locations (SA To NTA) Get Locations (SA To NTA) Compute Neighbors, Assign BS,EA (NTA To All) Compute Neighbors, Assign BS,EA (NTA To All) Start Sensing SA to EA Start Sensing SA to EA Send Sensed /Forwarded Data Send Sensed /Forwarded Data If BS Con Send to BS Analyze Data N

Sensor Agents Network View Base Station AgentNetwork Topology Agent Logger Env Agents Sensor Agents

Facts Used in the Simulation Energy is spent while receiving, transmitting and waiting to receive wirelessly Energy is spent while doing the sensing task(s) Energy is spent while forwarding messages (agents acting as routers) Energy is spent while switching tasks Only a few nodes have base station connectivity

Utilities SensorView – Graphical Tool for displaying the view of the sensor network BaseStation View – Graphical Tool for displaying the data received at the base station. JADE Sniffer/RMA

Discussion Complete Modular Design Complexity left to the Sensor Network Designer Runtime environment Agent paradigm completely abstracted out

Further Work Implementation of data propagation schemes –Gossiping, SPIN, Directed Diffusion Query Tool for Node Querying Models of failure-prone nature of nodes and loss- prone nature of wireless links Dynamic switching of tasking policy In-built support data analysis Design of Test-bed for experimental evaluation –On what basis do we compare the schemes implemented –How do you actually carry out the simulation to get the results you want to measure

What Did I Gain? Sound understanding of the domain of sensor networks More useful insights into JADE based agent programming Prospective area of further work – Towards Masters thesis “Complete Satisfaction”