Better Health. No Hassles. Type 2 Diabetes

Better Health. No Hassles. TYPE 2 DIABETES Chronic condition that affects the way your body metabolizes sugar. Main source fuel Body resistant to the effects of insulin which moves sugar into your cells Body does not produce enough insulin Untreated life threatening No cure, but can be managed and PREVENTED Eat healthy foods, exercise, healthy weight If not enough oral medications or insulin may be needed

Better Health. No Hassles. SYMPTOMS Usually no symptoms. Increased thirst and frequent urination Increased hunger Weight loss Fatigue Blurred vision Slow-healing sores, wounds Check with provider if any symptoms

Better Health. No Hassles. CAUSES Body becomes resistant to insulin Pancreas not producing enough Excess Wt, inactivity family hx all factors When you eat pancreas puts insulin into the bloodstream Acts as a key by unlocking microscopic doors that allow sugar to enter your cells. Insulin lowers sugar in your bloodstream as level drops so does insulin release from pancreas

Better Health. No Hassles. CAUSES Glucose-sugar main source of energy. From food we eat and our liver. After we eat sugar is absorbed in the bloodstream. Normally it enters cells with help of insulin Liver- stores and manufactures glucose. When insulin levels are low-when you have not eaten the liver produces glucose to keep your levels normal In type 2 the process works improperly. Sugar builds up in your bloodstream instead of moving into your cells. WHY ? Pancreas not making enough insulin or your cells become resistant to action of insulin Type 1,less common pancreas produces little or no insulin

Better Health. No Hassles. RISK FACTORS Weight - more fatty tissue more resistant to insulin Inactivity Family hx Race Age Pre-Diabetes Diabetes in pregnancy

Better Health. No Hassles. COMPLICATIONS Affects major organs heart, blood vessels, nerves, eyes and kidneys Coronary artery disease. 75% of Diabetics die of some type of heart or blood vessel disease Nerve damage Kidney damage. The filtering system Eye damage Foot damage Skin and mouth conditions bacterial and fungal infections. Dental hygiene important Osteoporosis Alzheimer’s disease Hearing problems

Better Health. No Hassles. TESTS AND DIAGNOSIS Glycohemoglobin A1C- Average blood sugar over last 2-3 months Random blood sugar 200mg/dl or higher with symptoms dx diabetes Fasting blood sugar <100 normal, pre-diabetes. If 126 or higher 2 tests = diabetes Screen at age 45 repeat every 3 years

Better Health. No Hassles. TREATMENT Blood sugar monitoring Healthy eating Regular exercise 30 mins. most days Oral meds or insulin Bariatric surgery

Better Health. No Hassles. SIGNS OF TROUBLE High blood sugar Appetite loss Weakness Vomiting Sweet fruity smell on your breath Low blood sugar Sweating Shakiness Dizzy Slurred speech Confusion

Better Health. No Hassles. LIFESTYLE Commit to managing diabetes Annual physical Dental care Pay attention to your feet Control blood pressure and cholesterol Stop smoking Limit alcohol Stress control

Better Health. No Hassles. RESOURCES American Diabetes Association offers online information. Phone #