Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration

What is cellular respiration? The process that releases energy (ATP) by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen

What happens when we exercise? Use ATP for energy We get hot and sweaty We burn calories!

vocabulary A Calorie  amount of energy needed to raise temp. of 1 gram of H2O 1 degree C. Glycolysis  process by which 1 molecule of glucose C 6 H 12 O 6 is split into two pyruvic acid (2 three carbons) to get energy (ATP) 1 gram of glucose releases 3811 calories of heat energy

Demo time!

What is cellular resp.??!! Cellular respiration  2 part process that produces energy (ATP) by breaking down glucose in the presence of O2 –Gycolysis –Krebs cycle  ETC and O2 What do we use energy for?

Glycolysis Glyco  sugar; lysis  break/split apart Glucose (C 6 ) is broken down to a three carbon molecule (C 3 ). tments/Biology/Bio231/glycolysis.ht ml tments/Biology/Bio231/glycolysis.ht ml

Vocab. Cont. NAD+  nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; carries e-to electron transport chain. FAD also. –NAD+2e-  NADH –FAD + 2e-  FADH 2 The dump trucks tments/Biology/Bio231/krebs.html tments/Biology/Bio231/krebs.html

Vocab. cont. Electron transport chain  –located in the mitochondrion. –E- are dropped off and bounce through several “stations” where oxygen is the final e- acceptor –This is why breathing and water are so important! – nts/Biology/Bio231/etc.swf nts/Biology/Bio231/etc.swfhttp:// nts/Biology/Bio231/etc.swf

ATP What is ATP? ATP consists of a base, in this case adenine (red), a ribose (magenta) and a phosphate chain (blue).

Check for understanding ATP is the fully charged battery –Energy –Energy is released when 3 rd phosphate group is broken off; energy is used battery needs to recharge ADP is the uncharged battery –There are 2 phosphate groups instead of 3 –ATP synthase bonds the 3 rd phosphate group

Dump trucks-e- carriers Oxygen= e- acceptor

How many ATP are produced?

Energy and Exercise Normal cellular respiration  ATP used in few seconds; at 50-meter mark of run Lactic acid fermentation  ATP to get to the 200-meter mark

Exercise Long term exercise (15 – 20 min.)  body breaks down glycogen and fats –Point  reason aerobic forms of exercise good form of exercise –Point  marathon runners find a good “pace”

What happens when O2 is gone? Fermentation  energy released in the absence of O2 or anaerobic respiration Two types

Vocab. Cont. –Alcoholic fermentation  found in yeasts mainly and alcoholic beverages (ethyl alcohol) E.g. breads, baking causes the alcohol to evaporate off

–Lactic acid production  pain and stiffness felt in muscles after exercise. –Have you ever felt sick after exercise?

Scan in overview of cellular respiration from text Key points: Is cellular respiration the same as photosynthesis?

Review Describe the process of cellular respiration? What are the starting and ending products of cellular respiration? Is it the same process as photosynthesis? What are the two main types of fermentation? Why is glucose so important?