© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1 Technology in Action Chapter 3 Using the Internet: Making the Most of the Web’s Resources

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 2 Chapter Topics Forms of Internet communicationForms of Internet communication Internet multimediaInternet multimedia E-commerceE-commerce Managing online annoyancesManaging online annoyances Web browsersWeb browsers URLsURLs HyperlinksHyperlinks

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 3 Chapter Topics (cont.) Search enginesSearch engines Boolean operatorsBoolean operators Evaluating Web sitesEvaluating Web sites How data travels on the InternetHow data travels on the Internet Internet service providersInternet service providers Origin of the InternetOrigin of the Internet Future of the InternetFuture of the Internet

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 4 Internet Communications Instant MessagingInstant Messaging PodcastsPodcasts Blogs and VlogsBlogs and Vlogs WebcastsWebcasts WikisWikis Voice over Internet (VoIP)Voice over Internet (VoIP)

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 5 Internet Communications Group communicationGroup communication –Internet social network –Multiplayer online game services –Chat rooms –Newsgroups –Listservs

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 6 Instant Messaging Real-time text- based conversationsReal-time text- based conversations List of contacts: buddy listList of contacts: buddy list Contacts must be onlineContacts must be online IM software detects presenceIM software detects presence Example: AOL Instant MessengerExample: AOL Instant Messenger

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 7 Podcasts Podcasts: Compressed audio/video files distributed on the InternetPodcasts: Compressed audio/video files distributed on the Internet RSS (Really Simple Syndication) technology allows constant updates for subscribersRSS (Really Simple Syndication) technology allows constant updates for subscribers Podcasts are all over the WebPodcasts are all over the Web –Need “aggregator” software to gather podcasts –Need media player software to play them Simple to createSimple to create

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 8 Blogs and Vlogs Weblogs: blogsWeblogs: blogs –Available to the public –Simple to create, read, and manage –Entries listed on a single page with most recent entry at the top –Searchable Video blog: vlogVideo blog: vlog –Digital video clips playable on media player software

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 9 Webcasts and Wikis Webcast: Broadcast of audio/visual content over the InternetWebcast: Broadcast of audio/visual content over the Internet –Not updated automatically –Use streaming media Wiki: Web site that allows anyone to change its contentWiki: Web site that allows anyone to change its content –provide source for collaborative writing

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 10 Voice over Internet Protocol VoIP: Using the Internet to place phone callsVoIP: Using the Internet to place phone calls Uses technology similar to to send voice data digitallyUses technology similar to to send voice data digitally Requires a microphone, an Internet connection, and a VoIP providerRequires a microphone, an Internet connection, and a VoIP provider Services differ:Services differ: –Free services require an account on both ends –Paid services connect phone to computer –Cable/DSL providers offer phone through broadband –WiFi IP phones call through Internet hotspots and wireless networks

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 11 Electronic mailElectronic mail accounts accounts –Client-based –Web-based

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 12 Social Networks Social networks: online personal networks – –MySpace.com and Facebook.com Members share common interests Members communicate by voice, chat, IM, video, and blogs Members create personalized profiles Growth has been explosive Risks must be recognized and reduced

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 13 Multiplayer Online Game Services Multiplayer Online Games: play occurs over the Internet among many other players Persistent or ever-on game environment Some games let you interact with other players

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 14 Chat Rooms Real-time text-based conversationsReal-time text-based conversations Rooms focus on specific topics or interestsRooms focus on specific topics or interests Identity protectionIdentity protection –Username Netiquette: Rules of polite interactionNetiquette: Rules of polite interaction

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 15 Newsgroups and Listservs NewsgroupsNewsgroups –Online discussion forums –Members post and reply to messages –Create or respond to “threads” ListservsListservs – –Electronic mailing lists of addresses of people interested in a topic –Threads are sent as s –Less public than newsgroups

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 16 Web Entertainment Multimedia:Multimedia: –Involves forms of media and text GraphicsGraphics AudioAudio VideoVideo –Streaming audio and video –Some files require plug-in

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 17 E-Commerce E-Commerce: Conducting business onlineE-Commerce: Conducting business online –Business-to-consumer (B2C) –Business-to-business (B2B) –Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 18 E-Commerce Safeguards Online transactions can be safer than traditional retail shoppingOnline transactions can be safer than traditional retail shopping VeriSign is a company that certifies that online transactions are secureVeriSign is a company that certifies that online transactions are secure Closed padlock icon indicates a secure web siteClosed padlock icon indicates a secure web site URL changes from to changes from to

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 19 Online Annoyances SpamSpam CookiesCookies Adware/Pop-upsAdware/Pop-ups SpywareSpyware MalwareMalware Phishing and HoaxesPhishing and Hoaxes

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 20 Spam Junk Junk Avoid spam:Avoid spam: –Separate account –Spam filters –Antispam practices

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 21 Cookies Text files stored on client computers when visiting Web sitesText files stored on client computers when visiting Web sites Used on return visits to Web sitesUsed on return visits to Web sites Unique ID numberUnique ID number Personal information rememberedPersonal information remembered Privacy riskPrivacy risk

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 22 Adware and Pop-Ups Adware – –Programs that download on your PC when you install/use other software – –Enable sponsored ads to appear in your browser window or as pop-up Pop-ups can be eliminatedPop-ups can be eliminated –Pop-up blockers –Anti-pop-up software

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 23 Spyware Added as a program piggybacked with a requested programAdded as a program piggybacked with a requested program Gathers information, usually about surfing habitsGathers information, usually about surfing habits Antivirus software doesn’t detect itAntivirus software doesn’t detect it Spyware removal programs are requiredSpyware removal programs are required

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 24 Malware Software that has a malicious intentSoftware that has a malicious intent Spyware is a form of malwareSpyware is a form of malware Other forms are viruses, worms, and Trojan horsesOther forms are viruses, worms, and Trojan horses Designed to render a computer useless or penetrate it completelyDesigned to render a computer useless or penetrate it completely

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 25 Phishing and Hoaxes PhishingPhishing –Phony communication that attempts to scam someone into revealing personal information –Often looks very official HoaxesHoaxes – –Contain information that is untrue –May request that people send money

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 26 Navigating the Web: Web Browsers Computer softwareComputer software GraphicalGraphical Enables Web navigationEnables Web navigation Popular browsers:Popular browsers: –Internet Explorer –Mozilla’s Firefox –Camino (Mac OS X)

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 27 Browser Features Quick tabs: Shows thumbnail images of all open Web pages in open tabs Tabbed browsing: Multiple pages available in same browser windowTabbed browsing: Multiple pages available in same browser window

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 28 Getting Around the Web Web sitesWeb sites URLsURLs HyperlinksHyperlinks Favorites and BookmarksFavorites and Bookmarks

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 29 Web Sites Web site:Web site: –Collection of related Web pages –First page known as Home or Index page Web page:Web page: –HTML document Text and graphicsText and graphics –Unique address –Hyperlinks

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 30 URLs URL:URL: –Uniform Resource Locator –Unique Web site address URL

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 31 Current Top-Level Domains.aero Members of the air transport industry.biz Businesses.com Can be used by anyone.coop Cooperative associations.edu Degree granting institutions.govUnited States government.info Information service providers.jobs.jobsPosting and recruiting job opportunities.mil United States military.museum Museums.name Individuals.net Networking organizations.org Organizations (often nonprofits).pro Credentialed professionals..travelTravel-related services

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 32 Hyperlinks

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 33 Favorites and Bookmarks List of favorite Web pagesList of favorite Web pages Easy method of returning to Web pagesEasy method of returning to Web pages IE and Safari = FavoritesIE and Safari = Favorites Firefox = BookmarksFirefox = Bookmarks

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 34 Search Engines User keys word or phrase in search boxUser keys word or phrase in search box “Spider” or “Web crawler” program scans Web pages“Spider” or “Web crawler” program scans Web pages Results are indexed and sent to the clientResults are indexed and sent to the client

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 35 Subject Directories Web pages organized by topics and subtopicsWeb pages organized by topics and subtopics Do not use keywords to searchDo not use keywords to search Narrow search by clicking on subfoldersNarrow search by clicking on subfolders

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 36 Boolean Operators Boolean operators: Used to refine searches

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 37 Evaluating Web Sites Who is the author of the article or Web site sponsor?Who is the author of the article or Web site sponsor? What audience is the site geared toward?What audience is the site geared toward? Is the site biased?Is the site biased? Is the information current?Is the information current? Are links available?Are links available?

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 38 Internet Basics Clients and serversClients and servers Connecting to the InternetConnecting to the Internet Finding an Internet Service ProviderFinding an Internet Service Provider Origin of the InternetOrigin of the Internet

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 39 Clients and Servers The Internet is a client/server network Client computer:Client computer: –Users connected to the Internet –Requests data and Web pages Server computer:Server computer: –Stores Web pages and data –Returns the requested data to the client IP addressesIP addresses

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 40 Connecting to the Internet Dial-up connectionsDial-up connections Broadband connectionsBroadband connections –Cable –Satellite –DSL

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 41 Broadband Connections CableCable –Uses coaxial cable and a cable modem –Fast connection speed –Speed depends on number of users –Not available in all areas Coaxial cable

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 42 Broadband Connections Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) –Uses telephone lines –Faster than dial-up –Doesn’t tie up line –Requires special DSL modem

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 43 Broadband Connections Fiber optic InternetFiber optic Internet –Sends light through fiber optics –Fast –Expensive –Only available in certain areas

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 44 Broadband Connections SatelliteSatellite –Uses a satellite dish and coaxial cable – –Almost anyone in the U.S. can receive satellite service –Signal is affected by location and weather

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 45 Dial-Up Connections Uses standard telephone lineUses standard telephone line Requires a modem to convert analog and digital signalsRequires a modem to convert analog and digital signals Slowest connection speed (56K)Slowest connection speed (56K)

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 46 Comparing Internet Connection Options

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 47 Internet Service Providers Provides user access to the InternetProvides user access to the Internet National, regional, or local companiesNational, regional, or local companies Broadband connection: broadband provider is your ISP Dial-up connection: need to determine ISPs available in your area

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 48 The Origin of the Internet ARPANETARPANET –Advanced Research Projects Agency Network –Funded by the U.S. government in the 1960s –Allowed computers at leading universities and research organizations to communicate with each other over great distances

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 49 The Web vs. the Internet The Web is part of the Internet distinguished by:The Web is part of the Internet distinguished by: –Communication protocols (TCP/IP) and languages (HTML) –Special links (hyperlinks) 1989: Web invented by Tim Berners-Lee1989: Web invented by Tim Berners-Lee 1993: Mosaic browser1993: Mosaic browser 1994: Netscape: beginning of Web’s major growth1994: Netscape: beginning of Web’s major growth

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 50 Future of the Internet Large Scale Networking (LSN)Large Scale Networking (LSN) –Research and development of cutting-edge networking and wireless technologies Internet2Internet2 –Project sponsored by universities, government, and industry to develop new Internet technologies –Internet2 backbone supports transmission speeds of 9.6 Gbps

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 51 Future of the Internet Web 2.0Web 2.0 –Social networking sites –Wikis –Podcasts –User content databases