Theme 4 Disaster Mitigation and Risk Management

World Flood/Drought Damage Map 2002 Based on Press Report India (May) Heat wave in south killed (Jul) Drought of rain shortage U.S. (Mar) Emergency Alert for Drought in New York City Sri Lanka (Jul) Affected by drought Bolivia (Feb) 63 killed and 13 missing Ethiopia (Apr) 22 killed by floods in the northeast China (Jun-Aug ） Several floods caused 1,400 deaths and \980 billion damage. A water-level rise in Lake Tai-hu, Hunan, forced 600,000 people to evacuate. One million people work for flood prevention. Nepal (Jul, Aug) 250,000 ha + affected, 494 killed and 173 missing by floods and landslides Turkey (Jul) 40+ killed by flood in northeast Micronesia (Jul) 10+ killed by landslides. Czech Republic (Aug) 70,000 evacuated in the capital Prague and 200,000 nationwide; 17 killed. Germany Dresden flooded; Highest-ever water level in the Elbe River; 20 killed. Greece (Jul) One killed by rain/wind storms in Athens. Rumania (Jul) 5 killed Afghanistan (Apr) 39 killed (May) 30 killed (Aug) 35 killed Mexico (Aug) 14 killed Philippines (Jan) 7 killed (Mar) 28 killed (Jul) 58 killed (Aug) 17+ killed Jamaica (May) 26 killed by heavy rainstorm of 15- consecutive day Ecuador (Mar) 24 killed by flood and landslides Peru (Feb) 6 killed Russia (Jun) 92 killed by large scale floods in the south. (Aug) 62 killed on the Black Sea coast. Austria （ Aug ） ８ killed. Uruguay (Apr) 3,600+ people evacuated. Indonesia (Jan) 21 killed by flash flood (Feb) 142 killed (Mar) 15 killed by flood and landslides Kenya (May) 53 killed by flood South Korea (Aug) Torrential rainstorms caused 23 deaths and damage of \93.2 billion. (Sep) Typhoon led to 246 missing and damage of \522.6 billion) France （ Sep ） 27 killed. Bangladesh (Jul) 57 killed by flood and landslides (Aug) 158 killed by flood India (Jun) 64 killed (Jul) 41+ killed (Aug) 49+ killed (Sept) 16+ killed Vietnam (Aug) 10+ killed (Sept) 89 killed (Oct) 104 killed U.S. (Mar) 6 killed in Kentucky and Tennessee. Venezuela (Jul) 4 killed China （ Jun) Drought caused damage of 28,000,000 ha farm area and 1,387,000 ha paddy field Malaysia (Jan) 10 killed by landslides caused of localized rainstorm Congo (Sept) 40+ killed by landslides caused by localized flood Saudi Arabia (Apr) 19 killed by localized rainstorm Tajikistan (Apr) 5 killed by turbid waters. (Aug) 75+ killed and missing Thailand (Apr) 5 killed by typhoon (Sept) 39 killed (Oct) 128 killed Oman (May) 9 killed by flash flood Haiti (May) 26 killed by localized rainstorm Chile (May) 12 killed and 221 missing Columbia (Jun) 15 killed 13 missing Iran (Apr) 42+ killed by flash flood Algeria (Aug) 43 killed North Korea (Sept) Typhoon caused 6 deaths. World Flood Map in 2002 Released by WMO as of August 29 ・ Over 17 million were affected (in more than 80 countries) ・ 3,000 were killed ・ Total damage of over $30 billion ・ An area of 8 million km 2 was affected (equivalent to the size of the U.S.A. ） Drought Flood

Focus Disaster: earthquake, drought, flood, high wind, landslides, volcano, tsunami/high tide etc. Severe damage by flood and drought were reported worldwide. Focus mainly on flood and drought Seek ways to disaster mitigation and risk management

~WSSD Implementation Plan~ Main Subject Paragraph 35 –An integrated, multi-hazard, inclusive approach is an essential element of a safer world in the 21 st century. Pertinent Paragraph Paragraph 25 –Develop integrated water resources management and water efficiency plans by 2005, with support to developing countries. Paragraph 39 –Strengthen the implementation of the United Nations Convention to combat desertification in those countries experiencing serious drought and/or desertification.

Countermeasures against Flood and Drought (1) Based on WSSD Implementation Plan, Paragraph 35 (1) Promote Countermeasures Reduce the risks of flooding and drought in vulnerable countries Encourage the dissemination and use of traditional and indigenous knowledge Promote community-based disaster management planning by local authorities, including through training activities and raising public awareness Develop and strengthen early warning systems and information networks in disaster management ←（d）←（d） ← （ｆ） ←（h）←（h）

Countermeasures against Flood and Drought (2) Based on WSSD Implementation Plan, Paragraph 35 (2) Promotion of International Cooperation/Information Sharing Strengthen the role of the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction Support the establishment of effective regional, subregional and national strategies and scientific and technical institutional support for disaster management Strengthen the institutional capacities of countries and promote international joint observation and research Promote cooperation for the prevention and mitigation of major technological and other disasters ← （ a ）、（ g ） ←（b）←（b） ←（c）←（c） ←（j）←（j）

Countermeasures against Flood and Drought (3) Based on WSSD Implementation Plan, Paragraph 35 (3) Promotion of R&D Improve techniques and methodologies for assessing the effects of climate change Develop and strengthen capacity at all levels to collect and disseminate scientific and technical information ←（e）←（e） ←（i）←（i）

Agenda Report and review of experience of floods and droughts that have affected various countries and basins Information sharing related to causes and mechanism of disasters Countermeasures against floods and droughts that have affected various countries and basins Common understanding of importance of disaster countermeasures by various nations and international organizations Specific joint activities that should be conducted by various nations and international organizations against floods and drought –Example: to design an international system of activities to share experiences/knowledge/countermeasures of disasters

Summary of Strategy Develop disaster management plan/organization/ system against floods/drought per basin. Promote technical support/organization/system/ competence development for developing countries and other countries that suffer from flood and drought to support preparation/implementation of the above. Share/achieve universal scientific/technical knowledge and experiences (to design the knowledge base). Design framework to clarify the relation of cause and effect of climatic change and disaster and establish its survey and research system.