CONFINED SPACE ENTRY SUPERVISOR COURSE (Please Sign in)

CONFINED SPACE ENTRY SUPERVISOR COURSE Confined Space defined Confined Space Program Goal Fatality Statistics Confined Space Entry Identifying, evaluating and classifying CS Permit System Entry Permit

CONFINED SPACE ENTRY SUPERVISOR COURSE CONT: Master Entry Permit Training Requirements Duties and Responsibilities Emergency Rescue Support Equipment General Information Course Review

Confined Space Defined (AFOSH STD 91-25) A Confined Space: Is large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform work Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (for example, tanks, vessels, silos, storage bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits are spaces that may have limited means of entry) Is not designed for continuous occupancy

Simply Stated, our goal is to not experience a single injury or death Confined Space Program Goal Simply Stated, our goal is to not experience a single injury or death 12

Fatalities/ Employment Category Fatality Statistics by Employment Fatalities/ Employment Category Investigations by NIOSH 1983-1993 11

Fatality Statistics by Training Fatalities Type of Training Received by Victim Investigations by NIOSH 1983-1993 8

Fatality Statistics by Type of Entry Fatalities/ Type of Entry by Victim Investigations by NIOSH 1983-1993 9

Fatalities/ Reason for Entry by Victim Fatality Statistics by Reason for Entry Fatalities/ Reason for Entry by Victim Investigations by NIOSH 1983-1993 10

Identifying, Evaluating and Classifying Confined Space SHOW FIRST 16 SLIDES 17TH SLIDE IS BLANK THESE SLIDES SHOW WHAT A CONFINED COULD LOOK LIKE. THE REMAINING SLIDES SHOW LUKE CONFINED SPACES.

1. Identify; Locate your Confined a. The Functional Manager or Commander, in coordination with personnel on the CSPT, will; Identify, Evaluate, Classify each Confined Space 1. Identify; Locate your Confined Spaces and ensure you are responsible for that facility. 2. Evaluate; Your Confined Spaces and fill out a survey form for each Confined Space. 23

3. Classify; Confined Spaces are classified on the basis of measurements of; a. Space Characteristics (potential physical hazards) b. Oxygen content c. Flammability d. Toxicity * Bio-Environmental, Fire Department and Wing Safety will be present during classification 24

If the workplace contains permit spaces: All personnel are informed of the existence, location, and the danger Note: A sign reading DANGER -- PERMIT-REQUIRED CONFINED SPACE, DO NOT ENTER or some similar language would satisfy the requirement

If the employees will not enter permit spaces: Preventative measure will be taken to prevent entry into permit spaces If the employee will enter permit spaces the employer will: Implement a written permit program

Before removing cover: Eliminate any condition making it unsafe to remove an entrance cover The opening shall be promptly guarded by: Railing Temporary cover Temporary barrier SHOW SLIDES 18-20 TALK ABOUT BARRIERS, FLAGMEN AND OVERALL PROTECTION

Before entry into the space: Internal atmosphere shall be tested Using calibrated direct-reading instrument By a qualified person for the following conditions in the order given Oxygen content Flammable content Potential toxic air contaminant There shall be no hazardous atmosphere within the space whenever any employee is inside the space TALK ABOUT ENTRISICALLY SAFE TOOLS LOCKOUT TAGOUT PRIOR TO WORKING IN A CONFINED SPACE SHOW EXAMPLES OF ALL TAGS TESTING OF THE ATMOSPHERE PRIOR TO ENTRY PERSONNEL CERTIFIED TO TEST AN ATMOSPHERE WILL RECEIVE TRAINING FROM BIO

Confined Space Entry Ventilation SHOW FIRST 16 SLIDES 17TH SLIDE IS BLANK THESE SLIDES SHOW WHAT A CONFINED COULD LOOK LIKE. THE REMAINING SLIDES SHOW LUKE CONFINED SPACES.

Continuous forced air ventilation shall be used as follows: An employee may not enter the space until the forced air ventilation has eliminated any hazardous atmosphere The forced air ventilation shall be directed as to ventilate the immediate area where an employee is or will be present and shall continue until all employees have left the space The air supply for the forced air ventilation shall be from a clean source and may not increase the hazards in the space SLIDES 29-42 TALK ABOUT THE DIFFERENT WAYS TO SET UP BLOWERS TO ALLOW FOR MAXIMUM SAFETY OF INDIVIDUALS IN THE SPACE ENSURE YOU DO NOT PLACE YOUR BLOWER IN AN AREA THAT WILL CREATE ANOTHER HAZARD, I.E. NEAR THE EXHAUST OF YOU RUNNING VEHICLE

The atmosphere within the space shall be periodically tested If a hazardous atmosphere is detected during entry: Each employee shall leave the space immediately The space shall be evaluated to determine how the hazardous atmosphere developed Implement procedures to protect employees from any hazards before any subsequent entries takes place

Verify the space is safe for entry through a written certification that contains: Date Location of space Signature of person providing the certification The certification shall be made before entry and made available to each employee entering the space

When there are changes in the use or configuration on a non-permit confined space the space will be reevaluate and reclassified as necessary A space classified as a permit required confined space may be reclassified as a non-permit confined space under the following conditions: If the permit space poses no actual or potential atmospheric hazards If all hazards within the space are eliminated without entry into the space

If testing and inspection during entry demonstrate that the hazards have been eliminated Note: Control of atmospheric hazards through forced air ventilation does not constitute elimination of the hazard The employer shall document the basis for determining that all hazards have been eliminated through a certification that contains a date, location of space and signature of person making the determination If hazards arise within a permit space each employee in the space will exit

PERMIT SYSTEM

The employer, through the permit system shall: Complete and document all steps necessary for entry Require initials or signature of persons completing the steps Post permit at entry and make the permit available to all authorized entrants Ensure permit is signed by supervisor Duration of permit may not exceed time required to complete assigned task Permit must be canceled if a prohibited condition arises, or work has been completed

The employer shall retain each canceled entry permit for 1 year The employer shall retain each canceled entry permit for 1 year. Any problems encountered during an entry operation shall be noted on the pertinent permit, so that appropriate revisions to the program can be made

ENTRY PERMIT

Permit required when space Contains or has a potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere Contains a material that can engulf an entrant Internal configuration of the space that an entrant could be trapped or asphyxiated Contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazards 18

ENTRY PERMIT AF FM 1024 Identifies: Space to be entered Purpose of entry Date and authorized duration of the entry permit Authorized entrants within the permit space by name Entry supervisor, by name with a space for the signature Hazards of the permit space Measures used to isolate the permit space and to eliminate or control permit space hazards before entry SHOW SLIDE 44 SHOWS A PICTURE OF A PERMIT AT A WORKSITE. SHOW AN EXAMPLE OF WHAT AN AF FM 1048 LOOKS LIKE

Acceptable entry conditions Test results with signature or initials of tester(s) Rescue services and the means for summoning them Communication procedures and equipment Equipment, such as PPE, testing, communications, alarm systems and rescue Any other information needed to ensure safe entry Any additional permits (such as for hot work)

No Permit required when space is Considered Non-Hazardous Entries into these spaces do not require an entry permit “Buddy System” The process or the operation being conducted within the confined space may change the space to a Permit Required Confined Space Validate that hazardous conditions do not exist before entering the space 20

MASTER ENTRY PERMIT (MEP) 27

1. The MEP is nothing more than a master permit that identifies all your routinely entered confined spaces. You have all of these areas documented on your MEP. 27

2. The MEP, a part of the overall written confined spaces program, will serve as an approval for recurring entries having the same conditions and entry requirements when signed by representatives of SEG, CEF and BEE. 28

3. The MEP allows functional managers and commanders to designate entry supervisors to issue Field Entry Permits. Your MEP must be reviewed by supervisor and re-certified each year and signed by; a. Bio-environmental Engineering (BE) b. Fire Department (CEF) c. Group Safety (SEG) 29

4. Once your MEP is approved and certified you are authorized to issue Field Entry Permits for entry into areas specifically identified on the MEP 5. To ensure your MEP contains all required areas, refer to AFOSH STD 91-25 Pg 7, para 2.10.4 dated Feb 1998 30

TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

The supervisor shall provide training so that all personnel acquire the understanding, knowledge, and skills necessary for safe performance of assigned duties: Before the employee is assigned any duties Before there is a change in assigned duties Whenever employer has reason to believe either there are deviations from permit space entry procedures or inadequacies in the employee’s knowledge or use of these procedures

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

a. KEY POSITIONS 1. Entry Supervisor 2. Attendant 3. Entrant(s) * MANDATORY POSITIONS 4. Runner/Equipment monitor The following positions will only be maintained if you provide your own qualified rescue team and approved respiratory gear. 5. Emergency Rescue 6. Air Bottle/Regulator Monitor 7. Runner/Equipment Monitor 44

DUTIES OF AUTHORIZED ENTRANT The supervisor shall ensure that authorized entrants: Know the hazards that may be faced during entry, signs or symptoms, and consequences of the exposure Proper use of required equipment Communicate with attendant as necessary Alert the attendant whenever: The entrant recognizes any warning signs or symptoms of exposure to a dangerous situation The entrant detects a prohibited condition

Exit from the permit space as quickly as possible when: An order to evacuate is given by the attendant or entry supervisor The entrant recognizes any warning signs or symptoms of exposure to a dangerous situation The entrant detects a prohibited condition An evacuation alarm is activated

DUTIES OF ATTENDANT Know the hazards that may be faced during entry, including information on the mode, signs or symptoms, and consequences of the exposure Is aware of possible behavioral effects of hazard exposure in authorized entrant Continuously maintains an accurate count of authorized entrants in the permit space Remains outside the permit space during entry operations until relieved by another attendant Communicates with authorized entrants, monitors entrants status and alerts entrants upon need to evacuate

Monitor activities inside and outside the space to determine if it is safe for entrants to remain in the space and order the entrants to evacuate under any of the following conditions: If the attendant detects a prohibited condition If the attendant detects the behavioral affects of hazard exposure in an entrant If the attendant detects a situation outside the space that could endanger the entrants If the attendant cannot effectively and safely perform assigned duties

Perform non-entry rescues IAW rescue procedures Summon rescue and other emergency services as soon as attendant determines that authorized entrants may need assistance to escape from the space Take the following actions when unauthorized persons approach or enter a permit space while entry is underway: Warn the person to stay away from the space Advise them to exit the space immediately if they have entered the space Inform entrants and entry supervisor if a person has entered the permit space Perform non-entry rescues IAW rescue procedures Perform no duties that might interfere with the attendant primary duties

DUTIES OF ENTRY SUPERVISOR The employer shall ensure each entry supervisor: Know the hazards that may be faced during entry Verifies that acceptable conditions for entry exist Terminate and cancels the permit as required Verifies that rescue services are available and that the means to call them are operable Remove unauthorized individuals who enter or who attempt to enter the permit space during entry operations

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

a. The MEP will include emergency and rescue procedures consistent with the nature of each known operation of entry into a PRCS. b. The entry supervisor will coordinate with CEF SEG, and BEE when required to enter non-routine permit-required confined spaces that are not included in the MEP and establish emergency rescue procedures. 38

c. There are three primary means of provided rescue; 1. Self-Rescue 2. Centrally Located Rescue Team 3. Organizational Rescue Team SHOW SLIDES 46-51 THESE SLIDED SHOW HOW TO USE EQUIPMENT FOR AN EMERGENCY EXTRACTION 39

a. To exit from the confined space as rapidly as Self-Rescue; a. To exit from the confined space as rapidly as possible whenever an order is given to evacuate by the attendant and/or supervisor. b. Whenever entrant recognizes hazardous conditions warranting exit from the confined space. 40

Centrally Located Rescue Team; a. The Base Fire Department will normally provide rescue services for operations requiring entry into a permit-required CS on an Air Force installation b. The supervisor in charge of entry will contact the Fire Department for coordination and to ensure it’s availability within a reasonable period of time. c. When deemed appropriate by the Fire Dept, the rescue team should stand by scene. i.e., IDLH entries 41

Organizational Rescue Team; a. When confined space work is performed outside the installation or the Fire Department is unable to support the operation, the supervisor in charge of entry will ensure ORT is available or the work is rescheduled. b. These types of rescue teams shall consist of trained personnel equipped with appropriate PPE, to include respiratory entry gear and rescue retrieval equipment. 42

SUPPORT EQUIPMENT SHOW SLIDES 53-66 TALK ABOUT THE DIFFERENT TYOES OF EQUIPEMNT AND THE FACT THAT THERE ARE SEVERAL DIFFERENT TYPES OF SELF CONTAINED BREATHING APARATUS’ ALL PERSONNEL USING THE SCBA WILL BE FIT TESTED AND TRAINED 1

a. Atmospheric Monitoring Equipment; 1. Test for LEL, Oxygen, Toxicity NOTE: Testing enables employers both to devise and implement adequate control measures for the protection of authorized entrants and to determine if acceptable entry conditions are present immediately prior to, and during, entry. b. Safety and Rescue Equipment 1. Tri -Pod with extractor winch 2. Life Line with lockable D-ring attachment 3. Safety Harness or Wristlets 4. Pressure Demand Type-C Respiratory Protection equipment with 5 min egress air bottle. 5. Fresh Air Bottles/cylinders 48

c. Operational Support Equipment 1. Air movers 2. Air Compressor 3. Miscellaneous Tools and Materials 49

SUPPORT EQUIPMENT CONT:

GENERAL INFORMATION 50

1. Each organization shall develop a a. General Information 1. Each organization shall develop a structured and effective training program to establish safe work practices and techniques 2. All Lesson/training plans must be approved prior to use by SEG, CEF, and BEE 3. Bio-environmental Engineering (BEE) will provide local training on the use, calibration (user) and care of atmospheric testing and monitoring equipment 50

b. General Training Requirements 1. The Entry supervisor or Shop Supervisor will ensure all personnel under their direct supervision are trained in the following areas: a. Hazard Recognition; Potential pre-entry hazards b. The proper use and wear of PPE c. Self Rescue Procedures/How to Activate Rescue Team d. Key Position Duties and Specific Responsibilities e. The use of Atmospheric Monitoring f. The use of Retrieval/Rescue Equipment as appropriate g. Proper/effective use of developed Confined Space Program 51

c. Documentation of Training; All Confined Space training for entry supervisors, entrants, attendants, testers , and rescue team members shall be certified and documented on the AF Form 55 Employee Safety and Health Record. 1. Certification shall contain: a. Individuals name b. Dates of Training/Recurring training c. The initials or signature of the trainer 2. Individuals designated to conduct atmospheric testing of confined spaces must be trained in the following; a. Proper operation of test equipment. b. Calibration of test equipment. c. Qualified to interpret test results 52

PROGRAM REVIEW 55