Jim Clover, MED, ATC, PTA Coordinator SPORT Author “Sports Medicine Essentials” Hi I’m Dr. Feder

Not to Kill anyone Not to Kill anyone To provide a healthy Environment for the Athletes To provide a healthy Environment for the Athletes To get the best performance out of the athlete To get the best performance out of the athleteSecondary Reasonable cost Reasonable cost With in the limitations of the staff (Coach’s, Athletic Trainer, students, etc.) With in the limitations of the staff (Coach’s, Athletic Trainer, students, etc.) With the resources available With the resources available

The hypothalamus is a small organelle within the brain which adjusts bodily functions through hormones which: -Increase heart rate -Begin the sweating mechanism -Increase blood flow to the skin surface

The Black Helmet / Uniform

% weight loss fluid loss time*effect & symptoms (* timing may vary based on intensity of work and heat/humidity) 1%0.75 L1 hr unnoticed (at 1.5% weight loss you are considered dehydrated) 2%1.5 L2-3 hrs loss of endurance, start to feel thirsty, feel hot, uncomfortable 3%2.25 L3-4 hrs loss of strength, loss of energy, moderate discomfort 4%3 L4-5 hrs cramps, headaches, extreme discomfort 5-6%3.5-4 L5-6 hrs heat exhaustion, nausea, faint 7+%5+ L7+ hrs heat stroke, collapse, unconsciousness

This allow athletes to recognize water deficits which require consumption of fluid This allow athletes to recognize water deficits which require consumption of fluid -2 to -3% of body weight, reduction of training duration/intensity -2 to -3% of body weight, reduction of training duration/intensity -4 to -6%, or consultation with an experienced physician -4 to -6%, or consultation with an experienced physician in excess of -7% out till cleared in excess of -7% out till cleared

Calculate Sweat Loss via Weight Charts Weigh in before practice and out after in the same dress “shorts”

Two a Day – Three a day (needs to stop) Two a Day – Three a day (needs to stop) Both Male and Female (playing same sports) Both Male and Female (playing same sports) What do they do in- between Practice What do they do in- between Practice Not having a ATC on staff Not having a ATC on staff Not knowing the sweat rate of each of your athletes Not knowing the sweat rate of each of your athletes

More than you want just to satisfy your thirst Sources of water are: 1. Fluids - 1 cup or 8 oz = 240 mL every 20 min 2. Foods - fruit & veggies are 90% water Add up the number of athletes, number of cooler (size of cooler) and figure about how much should be taken out and consumed Bring their own

Electrolyte drinks (e.g. Gatorade) are usually not needed for typical North American diet (can be used for first aid). Stay away from caffeinated, carbonated, diet drinks, and alcohol as they take water out of your body. Water is the best; juices and/or no caffeine sport drinks are also good (juices contain energy restoring glucose). Eat 4 meals a day

Look for typical heat strain symptoms; feeling over-heated, fatigue, headache, nausea, weakness, dark concentrated urine, etc. Look for typical heat strain symptoms; feeling over-heated, fatigue, headache, nausea, weakness, dark concentrated urine, etc. Sweat that drips off your body no longer allows for cooling by evaporation; thus, unless there’s another medical reason for it, this is a sign that your body is heating up Sweat that drips off your body no longer allows for cooling by evaporation; thus, unless there’s another medical reason for it, this is a sign that your body is heating up Let the athlete change t-shirts. Let the athlete change t-shirts.

-Drinking adequate amounts of fluids -Protective clothing (light colors reflect heat) -Protective equipment (vests, fans) -More?

The commissioner banned players with minor-league contracts from taking ephedra in the wake of Bechler‘s death

Temperature degrees (Based on what?) Heat Index (does it work everywhere?)

The Core Temp Ingestible Core Body Temperature Sensor was developed in the late 1980s by HQ Inc., of Palmetto, Florida The Core Temp Ingestible Core Body Temperature Sensor was developed in the late 1980s by HQ Inc., of Palmetto, Florida Costs around $30 each Costs around $30 each The pill relies on a temperature- sensitive quartz crystal temperatures ranging from ­60 °C to 150 °C. The pill relies on a temperature- sensitive quartz crystal temperatures ranging from ­60 °C to 150 °C.

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Upon swallowing, the vitamin-size pill acts as an internal thermometer, providing continuous readings of a player's body temperature, which can be picked up by a sensor placed against the low back. Upon swallowing, the vitamin-size pill acts as an internal thermometer, providing continuous readings of a player's body temperature, which can be picked up by a sensor placed against the low back. Pills are ingested a couple of hours before the start of practice, allowing the capsules time to reach the small intestine, where core body temperature readings accurate to within 0.1 °C can be taken. Pills are ingested a couple of hours before the start of practice, allowing the capsules time to reach the small intestine, where core body temperature readings accurate to within 0.1 °C can be taken. The capsule remains in the body for only 24 to 36 hours before it is eliminated. The capsule remains in the body for only 24 to 36 hours before it is eliminated.

Temperature readings are transmitted wirelessly to a handheld data recorder. Temperature readings are transmitted wirelessly to a handheld data recorder. The receiver is held to the low back, and the handheld device's antenna retrieves the original temperature data. The receiver is held to the low back, and the handheld device's antenna retrieves the original temperature data.

Allows for real-time on-site monitoring Allows for real-time on-site monitoring Provides absolute vs. relative data immediately Provides absolute vs. relative data immediately Temperature patch reflects internal (core) body temperature Temperature patch reflects internal (core) body temperature SportsTemp Thermostrip $1.50 each

Heat acclimatization is specific to the stress imposed on the human body. For example, passive exposure to heat induces some responses, notably an improved ability to dissipate heat. Heat acclimatization is specific to the stress imposed on the human body. For example, passive exposure to heat induces some responses, notably an improved ability to dissipate heat. Complete heat acclimatization requires up to 14 days, but the systems of the body adapt to heat exposure at varying rates. Complete heat acclimatization requires up to 14 days, but the systems of the body adapt to heat exposure at varying rates.

The early adaptations (initial 1-5 days) involve an improved control of cardiovascular function, including expanded plasma volume, reduced heart rate, and autonomic nervous system which redirects cardiac output to skin capillary beds and active muscle The early adaptations (initial 1-5 days) involve an improved control of cardiovascular function, including expanded plasma volume, reduced heart rate, and autonomic nervous system which redirects cardiac output to skin capillary beds and active muscle Excess dietary water and electrolytes do not speed the process of heat acclimatization. Excess dietary water and electrolytes do not speed the process of heat acclimatization.