© 2006 SOUTH-WESTERN EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING 11th Edition Hulbert & Miller Effective English for Colleges Chapter 4 VERBS: ADVANCED CONCEPTS

Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 4, Slide 2 Learning Objectives To identify participles, gerunds, and infinitives To use progressive emphasis correctly 11 To use mood and voice appropriately

Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 4, Slide 3  Use indicative mood to  state facts  ask questions  Use imperative mood to  give instructions and orders  make certain types of requests  Use subjunctive mood to  express requests, demands, orders, and preferences  refer to future events  express conditions that are “ make believe ” Refer to CHECKPOINTS 1 and 2. Mood

Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 4, Slide 4 Voice PASSIVE Subject of the sentence receives the action PASSIVE ACTIVE Subject of the sentence does the action ACTIVE Refer to CHECKPOINT 3. Refer to APPLICATIONS 4-1 through 4-2.

Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 4, Slide 5 Verbals GERUND Verb ending in –ing used as a noun GERUND Verb ending in –ing used as a noun INFINITIVE To + verb or verb phrase used as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs INFINITIVE To + verb or verb phrase used as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs Refer toCHECKPOINT 6. Refer to CHECKPOINT 6. Refer toCHECKPOINT 7. Refer to CHECKPOINT 7. PARTICIPLE Verb form used as an adjective Present Participles Present Participles Past Participles Past ParticiplesPARTICIPLE Verb form used as an adjective Present Participles Present Participles Past Participles Past Participles Refer to CHECKPOINT 4-5.

Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 4, Slide 6 Progressive Emphasis  A verb with progressive emphasis indicates that the action is in progress at or during a certain time.  To form verbs with progressive emphasis, use the helping verb to be with the present participle (-ing form) of the main verb. Refer to CHECKPOINTS 8 and 9. Refer to APPLICATIONS 4-3 through 4-4.

Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 4, Slide 7 Three Pairs of Troublesome Verbs Lie/Lay, Sit/Set, Rise/Raise Intransitive Verbs (lie, sit, rise) do not have direct objects and cannot be used in the passive voice PRESENT TENSEPAST TENSEPAST PARTICIPLE lie(s) sit(s) rise(s) lay sat rose lain sat risen

Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 4, Slide 8 Transitive Verbs (lay, set, raise) have direct objects and can be used in the passive voice PRESENT TENSEPAST TENSEPAST PARTICIPLE lay(s) set(s) raise(s) laid set raised laid set raised Three Pairs of Troublesome Verbs Lie/Lay, Sit/Set, Rise/Raise Refer to CHECKPOINT 10.

Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 4, Slide 9 More Troublesome Verbs  Proper use of may and can  Proper use of bring and take  Proper use of doesn ’ t and don ’ t  Proper use of other contractions Refer to CHECKPOINTS 11 through 14. Refer to APPLICATIONS 4-5 and 4-6. Refer to Chapter 4 REVIEW. Refer to APPLY YOUR KNOWLEDGE.