EuroTAAC 2001 Instructional Design: Why Should I Care?

EuroTAAC 2001 Agenda What Is This ISD Stuff? The ADDIE Model Rapid Prototyping A Hybrid Approach Conclusion/Discussion/Q & A

Our First Quote... All people who have turned out worth anything have had the chief hand in their education. – Sir Walter Scott

A Bit of History: ISD Began in 's as educational technology development modeled the systems approach emerging within the military and industrial worlds. The traditional approach to education was viewed as “piecemeal”. ISD attempted to integrate all the components of the instructional process into a system. The term “task analysis” was used by the US Air Force in the early 1950s to refer to procedures for anticipating the job requirements of new equipment under development.

The ISD ADDIE Model Clearly defined phases, clearly defined deliverables

The ISD ADDIE Model Analysis Audience, Duty/Task, Content, Technical Design Maps, Learning Strategies, Deliverables, Objectives, Content, Storyboards Development Media Elements, Interactivity, Tracking/Administration Implementation Pilot, Final, Logistics/Planning Evaluation Reaction, Learning, Behavior, Results

Our Next Quote... If you have to keep reminding yourself of a thing, perhaps it isn't so. – Christopher Morley

The Good News About ISD Provides a systematic approach. Much of what ISD prescribes is needed anyway. Phases are a natural thing. And they help to dictate deliverables (What and When).

Yet Another Quote... A ship in a safe harbor is safe, but that is not what a ship was built for. – William Shedd

The Bad News About ISD Waterfall approach exponentially amplifies any errors made; especially early / key errors. Validation of des/dev strategies are not done until after implementation. Process can be slow and inefficient. Can constrain or impede creativity.

Quote # 4 Virtually every important action in life involves educated guesswork. Too few chances reliably translates into too few victories. – Thomas W. Hazlett

Rapid Prototyping An Iterative Process One Eight or Eight Ones? Assists in quickly finding weaknesses in design. Test app with real users early & often. Dev. Imp. Eval Des. &

Good Stuff About Rapid Prototyping Helps you build a better product. Often, helps you build a less expensive product. Facilitates client and team involvement. But I really love that purple button! Focuses on the learner and usability.

Limitations of Rapid Prototyping Scalability for large projects. Lacks specificity: defining what’s on every screen. Lacks clear sign-off points. “Iterativeness” or How do you know when you’re done?

Our Next Quote... People talk about the middle of the road as though it were unacceptable. Actually, all human problems, excepting morals, come into the gray areas. Things are not all black and white. There have to be compromises. The middle of the road is all of the usable surface. The extremes, right and left, are in the gutters. – Dwight D. Eisenhower

A Hybrid Approach ISD and Rapid Prototyping Combined Des. Dev. Imp. & Eval Full Scale Development

The Best of Both Worlds Systematic, yet iterative approach Defined deliverables and sign-offs Still keeps the “Good Stuff” from ISD A faster approach Incorporates early usability testing

Yet Another Quote... It's better to be boldly decisive and risk being wrong than to agonize at length and be too late. – Marilyn Moats Kennedy

So Why Should I Care? You’ve gotta have a system. Why not use a proven methodology to address content and support learning? There will never be a perfect system/ methodology. Go your own way. Regardless of the system you choose, be an advocate for the learner.

Our Final Quote... He who is afraid to ask is afraid of learning. – Danish proverb

Hopefully, you found this engaging and informative... Questions & Answers

Thank you for your time! THE END