TEKNOLOGI Disediakan Oleh Kamaludin Ahmad JTMK, MPTI, JB

Perbincangan Teknologi & Teknologi Pendidikan Rekabentuk Pengajaran – ID (instructional Design) LMS – Learning Management System Sekolah Bestari Integrasi TMK dalam P&P Teori

Teknologi? Dalam kes ini kita boleh melihatnya dari dua sudut; 1. Teknologi sebagai benda dan 2. Teknologi sebagai proses sosial. (Naughton J, Technology in Schools)

Technology is the application of knowledge, tools and skills to solve practical problems and extend human capabilities. "Technology - Report of the Project 2061, Phase I Technology Panel" - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Teknologi?

Teknologi Pendidikan Ia berperanan memberi penekanan terhadap idea-idea pendidikan sebagai rekaan teknologi, sebabnya ia menerima perkaraan asas yang maju biasanya hasil dari interaksi 'merubah konsep' (mendahului ke cara-cara baru melihat sesuatu) dengan 'merubah teknik-teknik' (mendahului cara-cara baru melakukan sesuatu).

Domain TP

Rekabentuk Pengajaran Definisi Instructional Design as a Process Instructional Design as a Discipline Instructional Design as a Science Instructional Design as Reality

Instructional Design as a Process: Instructional Design is the systematic development of instructional specifications using learning and instructional theory to ensure the quality of instruction. It is the entire process of analysis of learning needs and goals and the development of a delivery system to meet those needs. It includes development of instructional materials and activities; and tryout and evaluation of all instruction and learner activities. Rekabentuk Pengajaran

Instructional Design as a Discipline Instructional Design is that branch of knowledge concerned with research and theory about instructional strategies and the process for developing and implementing those strategies. Rekabentuk Pengajaran

Instructional Design as a Science Instructional design is the science of creating detailed specifications for the development, implementation, evaluation, and maintenance of situations that facilitate the learning of both large and small units of subject matter at all levels of complexity. Rekabentuk Pengajaran

Instructional Design as Reality Instructional design can start at any point in the design process. Often a glimmer of an idea is developed to give the core of an instruction situation. By the time the entire process is done the designer looks back and she or he checks to see that all parts of the "science" have been taken into account. Then the entire process is written up as if it occurred in a systematic fashion. Rekabentuk Pengajaran

Instructional System An instructional system is an arrangement of resources and procedures to promote learning. Instructional design is the systematic process of developing instructional systems and instructional development is the process of implementing the system or plan. Rekabentuk Pengajaran

Instructional Technology Instructional technology is the systemic and systematic application of strategies and techniques derived from behavioral, cognitive, and constructivist theories to the solution of instructional problems. Instructional technology is the systematic application of theory and other organized knowledge to the task of instructional design and development. Instructional Technology = Instructional Design + Instructional Development Rekabentuk Pengajaran

ASSURE ADDIE Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction Rekabentuk Pengajaran

ASSURE A - Analyze Learners S - State Objectives S - Select Methods, Media and Materials U - Utilize Media and Materials R - Require Learner Participation E - Evaluate and Revise

ADDIE A - Analysis phase D – Design phase D – Development phase I – Implementation phase E – Evaluation phase

Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction Instructional EventInternal Mental Process 1. Gain attentionStimuli activates receptors 2. Inform learners of objectivesCreates level of expectation for learning 3. Stimulate recall of prior learningRetrieval and activation of short-term memory 4. Present the contentSelective perception of content 5. Provide "learning guidance"Semantic encoding for storage long-term memory 6. Elicit performance (practice)Responds to questions to enhance encoding and verification 7. Provide feedbackReinforcement and assessment of correct performance 8. Assess performanceRetrieval and reinforcement of content as final evaluation 9. Enhance retention and transfer to the job Retrieval and generalization of learned skill to new situation

LMS – Learning Management System Berasas kepada teknologi internet. Berasas rekabentuk Berasas teori pembelajaran Berasas pembelajaran kendiri Mengandungi pelbagai alat (aktiviti) umum untuk proses pembelajaran Tugasan Perbincangan Catatan jurnal Ujian, kuiz Dan pelbagai lagi.

Dalam LMS guru/pensyarah perlu mereka bentuk proses pembelajaran Harus memahami bagaimana seseorang individu belajar, Mengetahui bagaimana individu membina kefahaman mereka Berupaya mengurus bahan dan sumber yang berkaitan. Dapat menggunakan alat/aktiviti pembelajaran dengan berkesan. LMS – Learning Management System

Sekolah Bestari satu daripada tujuh “flagship application” Koridor Raya Multimedia satu transformasi dalam sistem pendidikan sedang berlaku melalui perubahan sistemik dalam aspek kurikulum, sistem penilaian, pengurusan, pentadbiran dan latihan guru

Pembelajaran bestari memberikan penekanan kepada aspek berfikir melalui pembinaan dan peningkatan minda selaras dengan hala tuju pendidikan negara. Fokus pengajaran dan pembelajaran di Sekolah Bestari juga lebih berpusat kepada pelajar, terarah kendiri, mengikut tahap keupayaan individu, berkesinambungan dan reflektif melalui kurikulum yang luwes dan terbuka. Usaha ini dapat dijayakan dengan bantuan pelbagai media teknologi khususnya teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi yang terkini dengan jaringan yang meliputi seluruh dunia. Sekolah Bestari turut memberikan penekanan kepada pendemokrasian pendidikan melalui layanan pelbagai kecerdasan dan gaya pembelajaran sesuai dengan tahap keupayaan, kebolehan dan keperluan pelajar. Sekolah Bestari

Integrasi TMK dalam P&P Integrasi? Bila perlu Bila tidak Bagaimana

Curriculum integration with the use of technology involves the infusion of technology as a tool to enhance the learning in a content area or multidisciplinary setting. Technology enables students to learn in ways not previously possible. Effective integration of technology is achieved when students are able to select technology tools to help them obtain information in a timely manner, analyze and synthesize the information, and present it professionally. The technology should become an integral part of how the classroom functions—as accessible as all other classroom tools. Integrasi TMK dalam P&P

Pendekatan? PBL – Project Based Learning PBL – Problem Based Learning Integrasi TMK dalam P&P

Teori Learning theory or Teaching theory? Apa itu teori? Adakah ia penting? Jika Ya! Apakah teori yang anda “guna pakai”

Bagaimana anda melihat sesuatu proses pembelajaran! Apakah elemen2 yang anda lihat? Bagaimana anda mempastikan bahawa pembelajaran itu telah berlaku? Bagaiamana anda telah pasti bahawa pelajar anda telah memahami apa yang mereka pelajari? Teori

Apa yang dipelajari? KonsepFaham Secara relatifnya setiap perkara yang kita pelajari ialah …..? Adakah anda jelas apa itu konsep ? Kenapa anda faham sesuatu perkara ?