Organic Light-Emitting Diodes 有機發光二極體 Organic Light-Emitting Diodes 講師 : 侯政杰 2014/05/09

Outline Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Motivation How OLED works Types of OLEDs Advantages and Challenges Current and Future Applications OLED Display and OLED Lighting Technology and Market Forecast OLED Display New OLED Display Products Technology Challenges and New Progress OLED Suppliers and New Fab Activities Past 11 Years Future 7 Years OLED Lighting Market Drivers OLED Lighting Challenges OLED Lighting Market Forecast

Motivation 41 in Samsung Prototype

How OLED Works Cathode Emissive Layer Conductive Layer Anode Substrate

How OLED Works Voltage applied across Cathode and Anode Typically 2V-10V Current flows from cathode to anode Electrons flow to emissive layer Electrons removed from conductive layer leaving holes Holes jump into emissive layer Electron and hole combine and light emitted

Intensity/brightness How OLED Works Different Colors type of organic molecule in the emissive layer 3 molecules used -RGB Intensity/brightness amount of current

Types of OLEDs Passive-matrix OLED Active-matrix OLED Transparent OLED Top-emitting OLED Flexible OLED White OLED

Passive-Matrix OLED (PMOLED) Perpendicular cathode/anode strip orientation Light emitted at intersection (pixels) External circuitry Turns on/off pixels Large power consumption Used on 1-3 inch screens Alphanumeric displays

Active-Matrix OLED (AMOLED) Full layers of cathode, anode, organic molecules Thin Film Transistor matrix (TFT) on top of anode Internal circuitry to determine which pixels to turn on/off Less power consumed then PMOLED Used for larger displays

Transparent OLED TOLED Transparent substrate, cathode and anode Bi-direction light emission Passive or Active Matrix OLED Useful for heads-up display Transparent projector screen glasses

Top-emitting OLED TEOLED Non-transparent or reflective substrate Transparent Cathode Used with Active Matrix Device Smart card displays

Flexible metalic foil or plastic substrate Flexible OLED Flexible metalic foil or plastic substrate Lightweight and durable Reduce display breaking Clothing OLED

Emits bright white light Replace fluorescent lights White OLED Emits bright white light Replace fluorescent lights Reduce energy cost for lighting True Color Qualities

White OLED Cellphone backlight white OLED vs standard LED from Organic Lighting Technologies LLC

OLED Advantages over LED and LCD Thinner, lighter and more flexible Plastic substrates rather then glass High resolution (<5um pixel size) and fast switching (1-10um) Do not require backlight, light generated Low voltage, low power and emissive source Robust Design (Plastic Substrate) Larger sized displays Brighter- good daylight visibility Larger viewing angles -170o

Overcome multi-billion dollar LCD market OLED Disadvantages Lifetime White, Red, Green  46,000-230,000 hours About 5-25 years Blue  14,000 hours About 1.6 years Expensive Susceptible to water Overcome multi-billion dollar LCD market

Flexible OLEDs

Flexible OLEDs

OLED lighting

OLED lighting

OLED TV

Transparent OLEDs

有機發光二極體之顯示與照明技術及產業發展 OLED Display and OLED Lighting Technology and Market Forecast

Outline OLED Display New OLED Display Products Technology Challenges and New Progress OLED Suppliers and New Fab Activities Past 11 Years Future 7 Years OLED Lighting Market Drivers OLED Lighting Challenges OLED Lighting Market Forecast Summary and Strategies

The World’s First >100” OLED Display is Passive Matrix

New AMOLED Products in the Market - Small Size

New AMOLED Products in the Market - Medium/Large Size

iPhone 4 vs. Samsung Galaxy S

AM OLED vs. AM LCD

Obstacles and Solutions for OLED TV

OLED Displays Shipment Share

AMOLED Supply and Demand

Past 11 years

Past 11 years

Long-Term Annual Revenue Forecast

AMOLED Entrance into Medium/Large Applications

Market Drivers for OLED Lighting

OLED Display and Lighting Differences

OLED Lighting: Opportunity is Evolving

OLED Lighting Market Forecast

Summary and Business Recommendations