Presentation for apricots Lara Bdier

Apricot

History Apricots are originally from China but arrived in Europe via Armenia, which is why the scientific name is Prunus armeniaca .Apricots are enjoyed as a fresh fruit but also dried, cooked into pastry, and eaten as jam.

Prunus armeniaca Scientific name Rosaceae Family name simple Leaf shape Spherical in shape Shape fruit Yellow tends to orange color of fruit

Plantae Kingdom magnoliophyta Division magnoliopsida Class rosales Order rosaceae Family Prunus Genus Prunus armeniaca Species

Botanical Description * Plant: Small to medium sized tree, 8–12 m tall, with a trunk up to 40 cm *leaves are oval-shaped 5-9 cm long .

* Flowers: 2–4.5 cm in diameter with five white to pinkish in color they are produced singly or in pairs in early spring before the leaves . * Fruit: 1.5–2.5 cm diameter The fruit has only one seed the color runs from yellow to orange

The fruit is a drupe similar to a small peach, often tinged red on the most exposed to the sun side. surface can be smooth the taste can range from sweet to tart. The single seed is enclosed in a hard, stony shell, often called a "stone”.

What are the parts apricot ? thin skin exocarp fleshy mesocarp Hard and stony endocarp

Appropriate soil Grants apricot cultivation in heavy yellow soil airy and free exchange of harmful salts, which tend to be acidic and should avoid planting apricots in heavy soil poorly ventilated with high ground water level does not bear apricots in alkaline soil

Cultivation practices Planting Preparation : After plowing , a disc harrow will give a relatively smooth and well-prepared surface. The planting holes should be about 300 x 300 mm wide and 500 mm deep. The roots of the young trees should not be exposed to fertilizers . Time : The right time to plant is when the trees are in the deepest dormancy (usually from 15 June to 15 July) to avoid shock. Spacing : The recommended planting distance is 5 to 6 m between rows and 4 m between trees, depending on the soil type

Climatic and soil requirements Temp : The apricot tree is deciduous and needs a relatively cold winter for proper dormancy and flower bud development (400–600 hours below 7,2 °C during winter).

Moisture : Annual rainfall should be taken into consideration in planning an apricot orchard. Irrigation is essential for apricot trees. Apricot trees need sufficient water for stay .

Each grain of apricot (35 g) the following nutritional information: 87 Water 17 calories fat 8 Sugar 3.89 carbohydrates 2.1 Fiber 1 Proteins

Some vitamins found in Apricot 240 Vitamin A 5 Vitamin C .06 Vitamin B1 .05 Vitamin B2 Vitamin B6 .5 Vitamin E

low Shade High Salt Medium Drought Poor Drainage Alkaline Transplanting

Propagation of apricot 1- Propagation by seed (sexual propagation) is only used to produce seedling rootstock, or in breeding new fruit varieties. .

2- Vegetative propagation (asexual propagation) produces exactly genetic copies of plants by cloning. Some forms of vegetative propagation are cheap and easy to execute

Vegetative Propagation: The propagation of apricot through vaccination, Is the grafting of the best ways for the propagation of apricot advantages that the most important trees in the production of homogeneous growth, flowering and fruiting dates of service, making it easier to combine operations and marketing. The grafting is required items on the seed assets that are produced planting the seeds of fresh apricots resulting from the same season when he will be valid for vaccination.

Plant the seed for the production of assets that vaccination is the forth in during the month of October in the nursery where to take the seed needs of cold necessary to break the resting phase during the winter period and the seeds germinate at the beginning of the growing season in early February has been grafted onto seedling seed produced during the summer next to one of the following ways: 1-Vaccination eye during the period from June to September 2-Vaccination scraping by taking the eye portion of the wood during the period of February and March, or during the summer period. 3-Vaccination with a pen during the month of January, February and before the entry into force of succulents do not prefer this method of propagation of apricot trees due to the ease of separation of the bait from the original in case of strong winds and lack of good docking between the origin and taste.

type of Rootstocks in apricot ? 1-Nemaguard 2-Nemared 3-Alfred 4-Haggith 5-M604 6-Manchurian

Pruning How do we do the pruning? 1-Prune dead and diseased branches. 2-Prune branches that don't bear fruit. 3-Cut back the suckers. 4-Cut branches that cross over other branches. 5-Prune in the summer to discourage growth.

Training Modern agriculture breeding trees that are the main stem of the link on the rise 60-70cm seedlings from the soil surface after planting directly. All branches of the existing and still on the main stem of the seedlings to give the opportunity to create a good structure of the tree from which new shoots come out on the leg President

Some factors affecting the fruiting in apricot? 1-Pollination Pollination: Trees are self fertile and are pollinated by bees and other insects. Two trees can still be better than one for good pollination.

2-Thinning Thinning: To ensure a good crop, trees are thinned when fruit are young, green and hard. Remove smaller fruit that are over-crowding stems.

Flower Development First swell stage of apricot bloom Red bud bloom stage of apricot. First white stage of apricot bloom.

Popcorn stage ends when petals begin to open. Popcorn stage of apricot bloom. Apricot shoot tip at full bloom Early petal fall stage in apricot.

Fruit Development Jacket split stage in apricot. Apricots at jacket stage, jacket split, & green fruit. Developing apricots.

Harvesting Apricot harvest is better when they are fully mature on the tree. Maturity in the fruit term which may extend to three weeks for some varieties harvest peaks in July in temperate regions in August