Birth Control Methods 1. Some people have sex in their teens. 2. Almost everyone will have sex at some point in their lives. 3. Provide factual info to others

When you make the choice to engage in sexual behavior… Be prepared to be a parent! Understand your risk for contracting a sexually transmitted infection Know how to keep yourself as safe as possible. Understand the emotional side effects.

Types of Contraceptives Behavioral: behaviors that could keep sperm from egg Barrier: providing a barrier between egg and sperm Hormonal: using hormones to keep the egg from being released and creating a hostile environment for sperm. Spermicides: killing sperm with chemicals IUD’s: create a hostile environment for sperm Sterilization : permanent birth control

Behavioral Contraceptives Abstinence: not having sex Withdrawal: pulling the penis out before ejaculation. Fertility Awareness: Studying certain signs in the woman’s body to learn when she ovulates and then NOT having sex during that time. Combining two methods: using a condom along with another form.

Barrier Methods Male Condom Female Condom Diaphragm

MALE CONDOM

Male Condom - Like very strong, thin gloves. Worn over the penis to catch semen and sperm. - Can only be used once - Can be purchased at most stores and available free in many places. - Reduces the risk of HIV and other STI’s - Must be used correctly (human error)

FEMALE CONDOM

Female Condom - Soft flexible loose fitting plastic pouch with flexible rings on each side. - Put into the vagina to prevent semen/sperm from entering. - Can only be used once - Can be purchased at most stores - Reduces the risk of HIV and other STI’s - Must be used correctly (human error)

Diaphragm

- Soft rubber cup - Holds spermicidal gel over the cervix to kill sperms cells before entering. - Doctor will fit a woman with one to be used over and over again. - Must be used/inserted correctly (human error)

Hormonal Methods Pills The Patch The Ring The Shot The Implant Emergency Contraceptive or “Plan B”

The Birth Control Pill Hormones (like those already in a woman’s body) that keep her ovaries from releasing eggs. They also thin the lining of the uterus and thicken the cervix to keep sperm from reaching the fallopian tubes. Must be prescribed by a health care provider Must be taken by mouth at the same time every day (human error)

Side Effects of the Pill Irregular bleeding or spotting Weight gain Mood changes Lighter/shorter periods Decreased acne Decreased cramps

The Patch The Ring The ShotThe Implant

BC Patch Small, thin beige-colored patch placed on the skin Hormones (like those in the pill) are released and then slowly pass through the skin. Must be prescribed by a health care provider Protects from pregnancy for one month (must be changed weekly).

BC Ring Small, plastic ring about the size of a jelly bracelet placed inside the vagina Hormones (like those in the pill) are released slowly Must be prescribed by a health care provider Protects from pregnancy for one month (put in for 3 weeks and taken out for 1 during her period).

BC Shot Also known as Depo-Provera A shot of hormones (like those in the pill) are given into a woman’s muscle every 3 months. Shot keeps the ovaries from releasing an egg. Must be prescribed by a health care provider Return every 11/12 weeks for another shot.

BC Implant Small tube that is placed under the skin of a woman’s upper, inner arm. Releases hormones which keep the ovary from releasing an egg. Must be prescribed by a health care provider (takes about a minute to put in or remove) Prevents pregnancy for up to 3 years

Emergency Contraceptive “Plan B” Also known as the “morning after pill” Two pills, that when taken soon after intercourse, can prevent pregnancy. Used by women who have unprotected sex, whose birth control failed (i.e. condom breaking) or who have been raped. Does not work if a woman is already pregnant.

Emergency Contraceptive “Plan B” Pills should be taken within 5 days Sooner that a woman takes the pills, the better chance she has at preventing pregnancy (up to 98%) Available from a doctor, health clinics, ER, some drug stores (WA) Call NOT-2-LATE to locate nearby clinics or stores who sell them.

Spermicides Come in gel, foam, cream, suppository and tablet form Contain a chemical that kills sperm Often used with a barrier method such as a condom

Sponges A sponge that has been soaked with spermicidal foam. Inserted into the vagina, over the cervix. Available at drugstores Meant to be used once and then thrown away.

Intrauterine Devices “IUD” is a small plastic T shaped object containing copper or hormones. Thickens the cervix making it harder for sperm to enter. Must be prescribed and inserted by a health professional. Copper IUDs last 10 years, Hormonal IUD’s last 5 (mirena)

Sterilization Vasectomy Tubal Ligation

Vasectomy Surgery which cuts the vas deferens; the tube that carries sperm from the testes. 99.9% effective in preventing pregnancy Permanent

Tubal Ligation Closes the fallopian tubes and stops the egg from traveling to the uterus % effective Involves major surgery Permanent

Hold Hands Kissing French Kiss Sexual Touch Spend Time Together Sex 1 Focus of Relationship

Adult behaviors require adult decisions… Sexual activity should not be taken lightly! Think BEFORE you act…and prepare yourself. Don’t trust your partner to protect your life. Realize that abstinence is the ONLY 100% effective method.

Abstinence Provides Freedom from Pregnancy Worry of becoming pregnant or causing a pregnancy, or birth control cost and possible complications, or the consequences of making abortion/adoption decision, or raising a child without the help of a supportive spouse.

Freedom from Sexually Transmitted Infections Loss of normal sexual function and/or infertility. Unsightly growth on, and disfiguring of, sexual organs. Loss of sexual pleasure. Reproductive pain and/or early death.

Freedom from Emotional Injury Uncertainty about partners motive and commitment. Pain of feeling sexually used. Depression associated with a broken sexual relationship. Scars of past memories.

Be Smart If you’re not ready for the responsibility don’t take part in the act!