BIOLOGY 2250 MICROBIAL GROWTH and ITS CONTROL
BIOLOGY 2250 PART 1. MICROBIAL GROWTH
Requirements for Growth Physical Requirements – Temperature, pH, Osmotic Pressure Chemical Requirements – Carbon, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Phosphorous, Trace Elements, Oxygen, Organic Growth Factors
Temperature Requirements Mesophiles Psychrophiles Psychotrophs Thermophiles Hyperthermophiles
TEMPERATURE OF FOODS
OSMOTIC PRESSURE
OXYGEN REQUIREMENTS
BINARY FISSION Little increase in size Growth in numbers to form colonies on an agar plate
How about these numbers!
BACTERIAL GROWTH
GROWTH PHASES
BIOLOGY 2250 PART 2. CONTROL OF MICROBES
TERMINOLOGY
MICROBIAL DEATH
Types of Cell Damage Alterations of Plasma Membrane Damage to Proteins and Nucleic Acids
PHYSICAL METHODS OF CONTROL Moist heat Dry heat Filtration High pressure Desiccation Osmotic pressure radiation
Moist Heat Autoclave
Principle of Autoclave Adjust your recipe to your altitude!
Dry Heat Oven Bunsen burner flame
FILTRATION Membrane filters have different pore sizes, e.g µ’s
High Pressures Fruit Juices
Desicattion Freeze Dried Foods Dried Meats Dried Fruits
Osmotic Pressure Salting – Pickling -
RADIATION Ionizing – cobalt, gamma rays Nonionizing – UV light Microwave
CHEMICAL CONTROL