PRODUCTION OF UREA. Urea is a white dry organic compound and a crystalline substance and has minimum of 46% Nitrogen calculated in dry state. M.P: 132.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Topic 7: Equilibrium SL Le Chatelier’s Principle
Advertisements

Matter: Properties & Changes
30,000 Ton Melamine Plant Please click on our logo or any link in this presentation to be redirected to our website & . Thank You! Click on Logo or.
Cycles of Matter Ch. 5 sec. 2 Water Carbon Nitrogen Phosphorus.
Chemical Equilibrium A dynamic process..
Chapter 19 – Production of Ammonia. Properties of Ammonia.
Standard Grade Revision Unit 14 Q. 1 Industrially ammonia (NH 3 ) is made by reacting together nitrogen and hydrogen. (a) What is the source of the (i)
Chapter 5: Fertilizer – A Source of Plant Nutrients Fertilizer = Any material containing one or more of the essential nutrient that is added to the soil.
FERTILIZERS. Fertilizer Defined Fertilizer – material applied to soil or plants to supply essential elements Four categories: MineralInorganic Organic.
Ammonia (NH 3 ) Ammonia (NH 3 ) is an important compound of nitrogen and hydrogen. It is produced by the natural decomposition of animal and vegetable.
Making ammonia The Haber process
Objectives: i. Outline the steps in the manufacture of ammonia from its elements, by the Haber Process. ii. Discuss the uses of ammonia iii. Assess the.
CHE-201: Introduction to Chemical Engineering
NOTES: Molar Volume, Density; and the Mole “Road Map”; NOTES: 10.3 Percent Composition.
Element Elements and Compounds Compounds of Sodium Structure of Atom Compounds A compound is a substance composed of two or more elements, chemically combined.
Section 12.4: Phase Changes
Equilibrium A state in which opposing processes of a system are occurring at the same rate. 1.Physical (a) Saturated Solution – dissolution and crystallization.
Chapter 18: Chemical Equilibrium
Treatment of Sewage Raw sewage consists of water containing organic wastes faecestoilet paper food scraps detergents.
Second law of Thermodyna mics - 2. If an irreversible process occurs in a closed system, the entropy S of the system always increase; it never decreases.
III. Fertilizers: Utilization and Types. Introduction  World demand for increased food, feed, and fiber production necessitates us of fertilizers.
Wrap up Proving “R” constant.  We can find out the volume of gas through Stoichiometry CH 4 + O 2  CO 2 + H 2 O22 Think of the coefficients as volume.
Phase Changes Melting Vaporization Condensation Freezing Sublimation.
Urea- A Cost Effective Way to Feed the World
Scope of the facility for sale
Regents Review THE PHYSICAL BEHAVIOR OF MATTER. 1. The phase change represented by the equation I 2 (s) -> I 2 (g) is called: A) Condensation B) Melting.
VIDEO 1.4 Classifying Matter. Matter Anything that takes up space (has a volume) and has mass!
 What substitution can be made in the ideal gas law?  Rearrange the ideal gas law to solve for molar mass  Rearrange the ideal gas law to solve for.
Sources of N, P and K Brad Lubbers Topic # Introduction Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Common forms taken up by the plant Early forms of phosphorus.
Molar Volume. Avagadro’s Principle Equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of molecules Volume of a gas varies directly with the number of molecules.
Properties of Matter. Essential Questions How does the state of matter define its properties? What are the real-life examples of molecules, atoms & ions?
Production of Prilled Urea
In general, the more atoms in its molecules, the greater is the entropy of a substance Entropy is a function of temperature.
200 I’m gassy Let’s bond Stoichiometry Energizer Bunny I have the.
Cycles of Matter In an Hour or Less!!!!. Recycling in the Biosphere  Unlike the one-way flow of energy, matter is recycled within and between ecosystems.
Prilled Urea- A Cost Effective Way to Feed the World Sule Alabi Jonathan Arana Elizabeth Moscoso Oleg Yazvin Mentor: Dan Rusinak – Middough Team Echo 110/30/2015.
Element Properties of Matter Objectives: Effect of change in temperature on the states of matter. Effect of pressure change on the states of matter. Effect.
DALTON’S LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURE
Composition of constituents The composition of constituent of a mixture is not fix. Air is made up of a mixture of gases. There is ___ % nitrogen gas,
THERMODYNAMICS spontaneous reactions. Why do reactions occur? 14 KMnO C 3 H 5 (OH) 3 7 K 2 CO Mn 2 O CO H 2 O.
HABER PROCESS. What is ammonia? It is made industrially by reacting nitrogen with hydrogen in the Haber process. It is a reversible reaction, so it never.
Matter, Energy and Change Chemistry and Measurement Sections 1.3 – 1.4.
Synthesis gas preparation First methane is cleaned to remove sulphur impurities that would poison the catalysts.sulphur.
PRETTY EYESZ a_01_img0184.jpg.
Ammonia By: kika lopez. Defined  Ammonia (NH 3 ) is one of the most commonly produced industrial chemicals in the United States. It is used in industry.
Two-Phase Gas-Liquid Systems (Saturation, Condensation, Vaporization) Saturation  When any noncondensable gas (or a gaseous mixture) comes in contact.
After studying this Power Points Presentation, you will be able to- Learning Objectives: Learn about the ammonia and its properties.
Manufacture of Urea 1-Introduction
Prentice Hall © 2003Chapter 15 Chapter 15 Chemical Equilibrium CHEMISTRY The Central Science 9th Edition David P. White.
Chapter 6: Fertilizer Formulation, Storage, and handling
Chemical Equilibrium.  In principle, every chemical reaction is reversible:  Capable of moving in the forward or backward direction. Some reactions.
Urea & Prill Production Sule Alabi Jonathan Arana Elizabeth Moscoso Oleg Yazvin Mentor: Dan Rusinak – Middough.
MATTER AND ENERGY. MATTER  Matter is anything that has mass and volume  Two forms of matter  Pure Substances  Mixtures.
IGCSE CHEMISTRY SECTION 5 LESSON 4. Content The iGCSE Chemistry course Section 1 Principles of Chemistry Section 2 Chemistry of the Elements Section 3.
GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE BHUJ 3 rd SEMCHEMICAL ENGINEERINGGUIDED BY: Prof. Z.Z.Painter & Prof. J.D.RathodTOPIC: HABER PROCESS.
Manufacturing ammonia. Fertilisers and much more Global production of ammoniaUses YearTonnes of ammonia
Option – Part 1 Industrial Chemistry Leaving Certificate Chemistry.
7.2 The Position of Equilibrium.. Assessment Statements Deduce the equilibrium constant expression (K c ) from the equation for a homogeneous reaction.
SHROFF S.R. ROTARY INSTITIUTE OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY Chemical Process Industries-I Prepared by: 1.Pratik Lakkad ( ) 2.Meet Rojivadiya ( )
The Haber Process.
Types of Chemical Reactions. Evidence of Chemical Reactions 1.Change in colour 2.Change in odour 3.Formation of a gas 4.Formation of a precipitate 5.Release.
Branch: C.E Batch: Sem: 3 rd Karan Rana ( ) Meet Shah ( ) Avi Vegda ( ) Group Members.
States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas definite volume definite shape
Spring Benchmark #2 Review
Ammonia Production.
Welcome to AP chemistry review
Matter and Chemical Change Visual Dictionary
HABER PROCESS.
Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass.
Presentation transcript:

PRODUCTION OF UREA

Urea is a white dry organic compound and a crystalline substance and has minimum of 46% Nitrogen calculated in dry state. M.P: 132 deg C. Urea is made by reacting carbon dioxide (CO2) with anhydrous ammonia (NH3) under pressure of 208 atm and temperatures of around C. Water is removed during processing and the molten matter is either converted to prills or into granules. Urea can be produced as prills, granules, flakes, pellets, crystals and solutions.

USES 1. Urea is highly soluble in water and is therefore also very suitable for use in fertilizer solutions (in combination with ammonium nitrate: UAN) and as animal feed. 2. For the manufacture of plastics specifically, urea-formaldehyde resin(Plywood adhesive- Fevicol) 3. For the manufacture of various glues (urea- formaldehyde or urea-melamine-formaldehyde). The latter is waterproof and is used for marine plywood

Specifications for Prilled Urea 46%N: Nitrogen:46.0% min. Moisture:0.3% max. Biuret:1.0% max. Granulation:1 – 4 mm 90-94% min. Melting Point: 132 Degrees Celsius Colour: Pure White Prilled Free Flowing, Treated against caking, 100% free from harmful substances.

Specifications for Granular Urea 46%N: Nitrogen:46.0% min. Moisture:0.5 % max. Biuret:1.4% max. Granulation:2 – 4 mm 90-94% min. MeltingPoint:132DegreesCelsius Colour: Standard White or Pure. Free Flowing, Treated against caking, 100% free from harmful substances.

Market grades 1. Technical grade: 46% Nitrogen 2. Fertilizer grade: Coated with Non- hygroscopic dust such as Phosphate rock/Lime stone, containing 40-42% Nitrogen 3. Liquor: Mixtures of Urea in Ammonia Solution

Principle raw materials: 1) CO2 from synthesis gas 2) NH3 Process description: 1. Ammonia and CO2 are compressed separately and added to the high pressure autoclave. 2. The Reactor is water-cooled due to the highly exothermic nature of the reaction. 3. The Reactor is operated on a continuous basis; A mixture of Urea, Ammonium Carbamate, Water and unreacted NH3+ CO2 results.

Process description This liquid effluent is let down to 27 atms. and fed to a flash-evaporator containing a gas-liquid separator and condenser. Unreacted NH3, CO2 and H2O as a solution are thus removed and recycled (in case of partial recycle option). An aqueous solution of carbamate-urea is passed to the atmospheric flash drum, where further decomposition of carbamate takes place.

Process description The off-gases from this step can either be recycled or sent to NH3 processes for making chemical fertilizer. The 80% aqueous Urea solution can be used as is, or sent to a vacuum evaporator to obtain molten Urea containing less than 1% water. The molten mass is then sprayed into a prillng or granular solidification tower.

Process description To avoid formation of bi-uret in percentages greater than1%, the temp. must be kept just above the Melting Point for processing times of 1-2 sec. in this phase of the operation.