Unit 6 Man and Animals intelligence, cognitive power, psychological characteristics, behaviorism, emotion, anatomy, physiology, genome, DNA, ethics, social structure, communication, animal research

Contents Part I: preparation:preparation: -build up your vocabulary -brain storm your animal stories Part II: Reading ICR: Aggression in Humans and AnimalsICR ACR: Passage I Should the Navy Draft DolphinsACR Passage II Animals on the Job Part III Part IV

Preparation P E2-animal knowledge & vocabulary Section A: teamwork Section B: collective work ---review on the words after class E3-fun facts about animals Pair work to understand –translate Brainstorm some fun fact you know about animals google for more

Preparation Researches on animal behaviors / Mysteries of animals VideoVideo (tedtalk) key words: empathy, compassion, fairness, morality, reciprocity 03:30-05: chimps on cooperation 08:50 emotional contagion and empathy 12:40 inequality Reading Science news: Comparing Chimp, Human DNAComparing Chimp, Human DNA

recommendations Movies: The Rise of the Planet of Apes Animal Games … Documentaries: The Coves … Animal videos all over the internet Google about animals

In-Class Reading Aggression in Humans and Animals

beginning questions 1.What relevant emotions are side by side with aggressiveness? ---anger / fury ( out of hatred /revengeful purpose / defensiveness) 2. Difference between aggression and aggressiveness? ---action.vs. attitude or emotion (aggressive attitude) ---page What (conscious or subconscious) intentions are embodied in “aggressiveness” / “aggression” ? ---to start a war / fight; to hurt; to kill; to destruct 4.When are you more aggressive than usual? ---feel threatened by … ? ---feel suppressed in affairs like…?

Questions and Responses main argument: who is cruelest of all living creatures? Para. 1 Para. 1 Sub-topic 1: when do animals get aggressive? Para. 2 Para. 2 Sub-topic 2: when do human get aggressive? para.3 para.3 More about human aggressiveness para 4 para 4 A conclusive suggestion para 5 para 5

Introduction para 1 What is the starting point (main argument) ---Man must be the most aggressive and cruel (and violent) of all living creatures. Why (What are the supporting examples)? ---How do animals deal with intruders? ---Under what circumstances do animals kill another? (exceptions?) ---Under what circumstances do animals kill a member of its own species? (What is the passage suggesting by citing these evidences?)

Sub-topic 1 Para. 2 When do animals show aggressiveness? -- abnormal conditions --- abnormal aggressiveness Like what? (paraphrase or summarize) (1) injuries tiger attacking a man (2) caged lions more aggressive than those in wild

Sub-topic 2 para.3 When do human show aggressiveness? (What’s in common between modern man and a caged lion?) the problem of humankind that leads to aggressiveness? -prehistoric times: -real situation in modern time: Critical thinking: what about the countryside (not crowded) or the old times (frequent warfare)? what other factors could contribute to aggressiveness too?

An expanded discussion of human aggressiveness para 4 What are the two means to satisfy human aggression (as a basic instinct)? L constructive / nonviolent --destructive / violent Why does aggression usually turn into destructive means? L38-53 the impulse to assert himself is … --nations/ organizations get bigger; authorities becomes centralized and remote l --individuals are unable to assert themselves in creative ways--- only to express through anger and resentment

Conclusion para 5 How to improve the situation? ----to turn competitions into constructive ways Further question: what else can we do?

Subjunctive mood L12, L15, L23, L28 Inversion L5, L7, L61 Long and difficult sentences in para 4&5 Sentences New words list New important words Word formation (new long words from old short words) Language study

E1: Change in parts of speech with inflection Inflection: modification of a word to express different grammatical categories such as tense, mood, voice, aspect, person, number, gender and case Exercises

VerbNounAdjectiveAdverb aggress /violence behave / /Territory / /hostile / disable / compare destruction resent construct compete /evidence

E2: antonym and prefix --more than in / im / ir / un / dis violent— satisfied— constructive— diminish— doubtfully— normal— personal— encourage— non-violent dissatisfied destructive increase undoubtedly abnormal impersonal discourage

After-Class Reading controversy: animals working for human beings Passage I Should the Navy Draft Dolphins Passage II Animals on the Job In class: Students’ questions After class: New words Exercises: E2, P264; E2, P273

Part III E1: Enriching Your Word Power find out the exact differences of the same word in various sentences by using dictionaries / talking to your partners and explain your findings by comparing or interpreting as many sentences as possible. E2: Animal Proverbs discuss on the exact / possible meanings of the 10 Animal Proverbs and explain each in your best English, which could be really simple ones. You may find out their equivalent sayings in Chinese (only for some) if you like.

Part IV Translation 名词从句的翻译（ 1 ）  什么是名词从句？ 什么是名词从句？  名词从句的翻译方法列举（ see P ）： 主语从句；宾语从句  翻译练习 : collective work （ see P ）

什么是名词从句？ Language is an interesting research field. _________ ( 黑猩猩如何学习人类语言 ) is an interesting research field. Language is ________ ( 是人类可以互相分享 思想成为可能的关键 ).

什么是名词从句？ 有些课本上说人是黑猩猩进化而来的。 有些科学家坚持相信进化论 --- 高等生物由低级生物 进化而来。 简单来说，进化论是指生物由低级向高级逐渐转化 的过程。

Quiz (for Unit 3&4) Dictation (25 words): 50% 词汇 / 语法选择题：词汇为重点单词 词义辨析： PARTIII-E1 介词填空：词组 / 语法 / 固定搭配 词性变化： 主要来自 ICR 课后练习（不一定使用原句），部分来自课外 翻译（ 5 句）： 四句来自 ICR 课后练习，一句来自课文 U5-ICR-para2 。 注意句法细节和重点词汇。

Quiz (for Unit 5&6) Dictation (20 words): 40% 词汇和语法选择题 词汇：主要来自词汇表、课文内容、课后练习 both ICR&ACR 语法：平时积累。特别是虚拟、倒装、从句等 词义辨析： PARTIII-E1 介词填空：短语固定搭配为主 词性变化 主要来自 ICR 课后练习和词汇表（不一定使用原句） 翻译（ 5 句） 四句来自 ICR 课后练习，一句来自课文 U5-ICR-para2