Nomenclature Rules!

One name for each substance, one substance for each (valid) name Nomeclature One name for each substance, one substance for each (valid) name

If it is a… The nomenclature rules depend on what type of substance. There are several systems. Ionic compounds Covalent compounds Acids

If it is a… The nomenclature rules depend on what type of substance. There are several systems. Ionic compounds—begins with a metal Covalent compounds—no metals Acids—begins with H

Ionic compounds: Formula to name Name (don’t count) the ions. MgO BaCl2 Na2SO3 NiBr3 Fe2(CrO4)3 Name the ions

Ionic compounds: Formula to name Name (don’t count) the ions. MgO magnesium oxide BaCl2 Na2SO3 NiBr3 Fe2(CrO4)3 Not “oxygen” Name the ions

Ionic compounds: Formula to name Name (don’t count) the ions. MgO magnesium oxide BaCl2 barium chloride Na2SO3 NiBr3 Fe2(CrO4)3 Not “dichloride” Name the ions

Ionic compounds: Formula to name Name (don’t count) the ions. MgO magnesium oxide BaCl2 barium chloride Na2SO3 sodium sulfite NiBr3 Fe2(CrO4)3 Look it up! Name the ions

Now, wait a minute Two comounds of bromine and nickel are possible. NiBr3 and NiBr2 You can’t call them both nickel bromide Transition element ions are written with a Roman numeral to show the charge.

Now, wait a minute NiBr3 and NiBr2 The (-) ion tells you the charge on the metal. 3 x -1=-3Nickel has a +3 charge 2 x -1=-2Nickel has a +2 charge

Ionic compounds: Formula to name Name (don’t count) the ions. MgO magnesium oxide BaCl2 barium chloride Na2SO3 sodium sulfite NiBr3 nickel (III) bromide Fe2(CrO4)3 Name the ions

Ionic compounds: Formula to name Name (don’t count) the ions. MgO magnesium oxide BaCl2 barium chloride Na2SO3 sodium sulfite NiBr3 nickel (III) bromide Fe2(CrO4)3 iron (III) chromate Name the ions

Ionic compounds: Formula to name Name (don’t count) the ions. NaBr K2O (NH4)2CO3 FeS CrI3

Ionic compounds: Formula to name Name (don’t count) the ions. NaBr sodium bromide K2O potassium oxide (NH4)2CO3 ammonium carbonate FeS iron (II) sulfide CrI3 chromium (III) iodide

Warnings Group metals (group 1 and 2 and aluminum) do not get a Roman numeral Count your charges to get the transition element charge. The Roman numeral is part of an ion’s name Watch out for Hg+2 vs Hg2+2, O-2 vs O2-2

Ionic compounds: Name to formula Balance your charges Lithium chloride calcium bromide Aluminum sulfate cobalt (II) oxide nickel (III) nitrite

Ionic compounds: Name to formula Balance your charges Lithium chloride LiCl calcium bromide CaBr2 Aluminum sulfate Al2(SO4)3 cobalt (II) oxide CoO nickel (III) nitrite Ni(NO2)3

Warnings Use () when you double or triple a polyatomic ion Balance your charges

Prefixes (Back of your chart) Mono- Di- Tri- Tetra- Penta- Hexa- Hepta- 8. Octo- 9. Nona- 10. Deca- 11. Undeca- 12. Dodeca- 13. Trisdeca- … 20. Icosa-

PS—Hydrated salts Hydrated salts are written with • x H20 They are named with (prefix)hydrate For example: Cobalt (II) chloride dihydrate = CoCl2• 2H20

Covalent compounds: Formula to name Name the atoms, in order, with prefixes (ends in –ide) N2S5 CCl4 P2O5 BF3

Covalent compounds: Formula to name Name the atoms, in order, with prefixes (ends in –ide) N2S5 dinitrogen pentasulfide CCl4 carbon tetrachloride P2O5 diphosphorus pentoxide BF3 boron trifluoride

Warnings First element is named, second one ends in “–ide” An “a” or “o” is dropped from the prefix before “–oxide” The “mono-” prefix is omitted on the first atom

Covalent compounds: Name to formula Write the atoms, prefixes become subscripts nitrogen trichloride Arsenic trioxide Bromine monochloride Xenon tetrafluoride

Covalent compounds: Name to formula Write the atoms, prefixes become subscripts nitrogen trichloride NCl3 Arsenic trioxide AsO3 Bromine monochloride BrCl Xenon tetrafluoride XeF4

Acids If the anion name then the acid name ends in…. is…

Acids If the anion name then the acid name ends in…. is… --ide Hydro___ic acid (hypo--) --ite Hypo___ous acid --ite ___ous acid --ate ___ic acid (per--) –ate Per ___ic acid

HClO is ___________acid Acids Formula to name HI is _________acid HBrO4 is _________acid H2CO3 is _________acid H2SO3 is ________acid HClO is ___________acid

HClO is hypochlorous acid Acids Formula to name HI is hydroiodic acid HBrO4 is perbromic acid H2CO3 is carbonic acid H2SO3 is sulfurous acid HClO is hypochlorous acid

Acids Name to formula ____is hydrocyanic acid ____ is periodic acid _____ is phosphoric acid _____ is nitrous acid ____ is hypoiodous acid

HCN is hydrocyanic acid Acids Name to formula HCN is hydrocyanic acid HIO4 is periodic acid H3PO4 is phosphoric acid HNO2 is nitrous acid HIO is hypoiodous acid

What is the name? K2S CrO3 CaSO4•2H2O Pb(C2H3O2)2 CuI2

What is the name? K2S Potassium sulfide CrO3 Chromium (VI) oxide CaSO4•2H2O Calcium sulfate dihydrate Pb(C2H3O2)2 Lead (II) acetate CuI2 Copper (II) iodide

What is the formula? Gold (I) chloride Lithium oxide Iron (II) cyanide Potassium chlorate Nickel (II) nitrate hexahydrate

What is the formula? Gold (I) chloride AuCl Lithium oxide Li2O Iron (II) cyanide Fe(CN)2 Potassium chlorate KClO3 Nickel (II) nitrate hexahydrate Ni(NO3)2•6H2O

What is the name? N2O3 P4O6 Cl2O XeF2 BrF5

What is the name? N2O3 dinitrogen trioxide P4O6 tetraphosphorus hexoxide Cl2O dichlorine monoxide XeF2 xenon difluoride BrF5 bromine pentafluoride

What is the formula? Phosphorus trihydride Dinitrogen monoxide Bromine monochloride Xenon trioxide Iodine heptafluoride

What is the formula? Phosphorus trihydride PH3 Dinitrogen monoxide N2O Bromine monochloride BrCl Xenon trioxide XeO3 Iodine heptafluoride IF7

What is the name? H3PO4 H2SO3 HClO3 H2CrO4 HCN

What is the name? H3PO4 phosphoric acid H2SO3 sulfurous acid HClO3 chloric acid H2CrO4 chromic acid HCN hydrocyanic acid

What is the formula? Hypochlorous acid Hydrobromic acid Oxalic acid Nitrous acid Perchloric acid

What is the formula? Hypochlorous acid HClO Hydrobromic acid HBr Oxalic acid H2C2O4 Nitrous acid HNO2 Perchloric acid HClO4

It’s a puzzlement What is the name? Cu2S CuS

It’s a puzzlement What is the name? Cu2S CuS Do you get it?

Cu2S CuS It’s a puzzlement What is the name? Copper (I) sulfide Copper (II) sulfide Do you get it?

Cu2S CuS It’s a puzzlement What is the name? Copper (I) sulfide Copper (II) sulfide Do you get it?

What is the formula? Oxygen gas Calcium metal Solid phosphorus Fluorine gas Argon gas

What is the formula? Oxygen gas O2 Calcium metal Ca(s) Solid phosphorus P4 Fluorine gas F2 Argon gas Ar

What is the name? Mn(s) H2 I2 S8 Br2

What is the name? Mn(s) manganese metal H2 hydrogen gas I2 solid iodine S8 solid sulfur Br2 liquid bromine

Name these compounds Common Name Chemical Formula a. Sugar of lead Pb(C2H3O2) 2 b. Blue vitrol CuSO4 c. Epsom salts MgSO4•7H2O d. Milk of magnesia Mg(OH) 2 e. Gypsum CaSO4 f. Laughing gas N2O

Write the formula Sulfur difluoride Sulfur hexafluoride Sodium dihydrogen phosphate Lithium nitride Chromium (III) carbonate Tin (II) fluoride Ammonium acetate Ammonium hydrogen sulfate Cobalt (III) nitrate Mercury (I) chloride Potassium chlorate Sodium hydride

What is the name? NaCl RbBr CsF AlI3 HI NO NF3 N2F4 N2Cl2 SiF4 H2Se HNO3 HNO2 H3PO4 H3PO3 NaHSO4 Ca(HSO3)2 Ru(NO3)3 V2O5