THE HOLOCAUST

Holocaust Etymology—Word Origin From the Greek Holokaustos Holo=Whole Kaustos=Burnt Known as Shoah in Hebrew meaning catastrophe, calamity, disaster and destruction.

Holocaust Who can use this word? Some Jews prefer the term Shoah instead of Holocaust. The authorities in Israel Yad Vashem Holocaust Martyrs’ and Heros’ Remerbence Authority do use the term Holocaust in reference only to the extermination of European Jews and NOT the extermination of other Non-Jewish groups.

Holocaust Therefore, the Holocaust was a genocide meaning the deliberate murder of an ethnic, religious or cultural group. Aside from the Nazi regmine’s inexcusable, destructive, contemptuous and unjustifiable behavior toward Jews, Roma (Gypsies), Slavs, elderly, disabled and political opponents, when did it start?

Holocaust Timeline January 29, 1933—Hitler sworn in as Chancellor February 26, 1933—Arson attack on the Reichstag, German Parliament building gives Hitler the justification to suspend civil liberties of the German population. March 10, 1933—attack on Jewish owned shops March 19, 1933—The first concentration camp, Dachau is built. The first prisoners are mainly political opponents of the regime, communist and Socialists. March 23, 1933—Hitler given the power to rule by decree March 25, 1933—Boycott of Jewish owned businesses. April 6, 1933—The Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service, serves as pretext for purging the civil service of political opponents and Jews. April 12, 1933—The Prussian minister of the Interior, Hermann Goering, asks local authorities to provide statistics concerning the ’Rhineland Bastards’- black Germans who are the offspring of German women and French colonial soldiers who served in the French occupation force in Germany in the 1920s. German Jews set-up a council to represent them. April 20, 1933—Kosher tradition outlawed. April 24, 1933—A restrictive quota on the number of Jews allowed into state-run education. May 5, 1933—Students of the berlin school for Physical education demolish Magnus Hirschfield’s progressive Institute of Sexual Science May 9, 1933—Students burn books in public June 27, 1933—The Committee of Experts for Population and Racial Policy is established by the minister of the Interior Wilhelm Frick to prepare a law for the sterilization of those considered “hereditarily ill” July 13, 1933—Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Progeny July 25, 1933—Purge of Jewish Academics August 21, 1933—Establishment of the Reich Chamber of Culture by Joseph Goebbels, prevented Jews from working in broadcasting, cinema, theatre, music and the press.

Holocaust Timeline August 24, 1933—Ha’avara (Transfer) agreement allows 10,000 Jews to flee Germany and emigrate to Palestine. September 1933—First raid of ‘vagrants’ anyone who the government thought was suspicious. October 3, 1933—Joseph Goebbels decrees the removal of a non-Aryan editors from German newspapers November 23, 1933—Law against Dangerous Habitual Criminals—empowers the state to detain people with two criminal convictions for unlimited periods in ’protective custody’. On this date the law is extended to beggars, ‘vagabonds’, prostitutes, Pimps and the ‘workshy’. It will also entrap Roma and Sinti ‘Gypsies’. December 4, 1933—Physicians must report to the government those who are ‘hereditarily diseased’. March 10, 1934—The Committee of Experts for Population and Racial Policy discussed forced sterilization as a way of solving the so-called problem of the ‘Rhineland Bastards’. June 28, 1934—’The Night of the Long Knives’ against Hitler’s rivals in the SA (Sturm Abteilung) Storm Troops It is disguised as a crackdown on homosexual men. May 20, 1935—The ‘Aryan paragraph’ of the of the Armed forces Law excludes Jews and ‘non-Aryans’ from military service and prevents Jews in the German army from becoming officers. June 25, 1935 —Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Progeny allows for abortions up to 6 months into pregency. June 27, 1935—Paragraph 175 of the criminal code, is amended to any form of criminal indecency between men and behavior likely to offend public morality. August 17, 1935—Civil marriages between Aryans and non-Aryans forbidden. September 14, 1935—Nuremberg Laws passed. November 25, 1935—The Ministry of the Interior requires couples to provide testimonials of fitness to marry. March 2, 1936—Jewish families are denied child allowances July 15, 1936—600 Sinti and Roma (Gypsies) are rounded up before in Berlin before the Olympic Games and placed on wasteland at Marzahan. February 22, 1937—Heinrich Himmler orders that ‘professional people’ or habitual criminals and those who offend public decency should be taken into protective custody.

Holocaust Timeline July 15, 1937–Heinrich Himmler instructs the Central Office for the Fight Against the Gypsy Nuisance, which he set up in 1936 ‘to evaluate the finding of racial-biological research on the Sinti and Roma. July 15, 1937—Buchenwald concentration camp, near Weimar, in Germany opens.

Holocaust Nuremberg Laws --Passed in August 20, 1935 and focused on two laws: The Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor prohibited the marriage of Jews (non- Aryan) and German Reich Citizenship Laws stripped the Jews of their German citizenship. Reich citizens and nationals

Holocaust Kristalnacht Night of Broken Glass November 9 and 10, Gangs of Nazi youth roamed Jewish neighborhoods Breaking windows of Jewish businesses and homes, burning synagogues and looting. In total, 101 Synagogues were destroyed 7,500 Jewish businesses destroyed 26,000 arrested and sent to concentration camps 91 deaths.

Holocaust Kristallnacht

Holocaust Ernst von RathHerschel Grynszpan

Holocaust Einsatzgruppen (Mobile Killing Units) -Started around June 1941 during the invasion of the Soviet Union. -Murdered thousands of mentally and physically disabled at first. -Jewish men at first, then women and children. Some dug their own grave before being shot and handing over valuables. -Himmler began using carbon monoxide to kill victims to make it easier for German troops.

Holocaust

Wannsee Conference and the Final Solution January 20, 1942, Nazi party officials met in a wealthy section of Berlin at a villa by a lake known as Wannsee. The Final Solution was the code name for the deliberate, careful planned destruction of all European Jews.

Holocaust Alfred Weltzler Rudolf Vrba

Holocaust Birirkenau Huts

Holocaust Leon Greenman’s tattoo as displayed in 2004

Holocaust Liberation of Nazi Camps—Auschwitz &MediaId=174

Holocaust Liberation of Nazi Camps--Auschwitz &MediaId=238