Airborne Maritime Surveillance MSS 6000 and the need to meet growing demands on Coast Guard and Marine Police efficiency Christer Colliander Presentation at Flygteknik 2010 Stockholm

A changing world One hundred and fifty or so coastal nations, many in rapid political, economical, social and technological development An increasing number of non-military maritime threats and challenges A majority of coastal nations do not have the means and resources to apply methodologies developed to handle military threats to tackle these non-military issues Also nations that do have advanced military resources find it both effective and efficient to introduced dedicated methodologies to handle non-military issues

Examples of non-military maritime threats and challenges Coast Guard (EEZ patrol) Immigration/Customs (border control) Natural resources (e.g. fish stock) protection Ship traffic management Smuggling and piracy prevention Search and rescue Environmental Protection/Oil pollution Ice patrol

MSS 6000, the sixth generation of the Airborne Maritime Surveillance System Swedish Space Corporation has devoted more than thirty years to develop a system designed with these threats and challenges in focus. Our recent success in terms of number of systems sold, number of systems in operation and number of inquiries indicate that the market is accepting these facts and is prepared to adopt civilian systems for civilian applications.

Experience Our systems have been installed in Sweden Norway Poland Greece China USA Portugal Canada Estonia India Malaysia…….

The MSS 6000 a comprehensive surveillance concept SLAR IR/UV ScannerSearch light DF Cameras Communication & reporting Operator console Binoculars FLIR VMS AIS Search Radar

Four illustrations of current development Technical development –Communication and operational integration –Satellite and airborne surveillance integration Examples of operational application –ATALANTA, piracy in East Africa –Gulf of Mexico and the BP experience

data link for images, reports and orders Aircraft surveillance detection of anomalies identification analysis and interpretation report EO Satellite (Envisat) Command post overview coordination decision background data Ship control sampling clean-up rescue Telcom Satellite (Inmarsat ) control rescue Pictures by courtesy of ESA, Inmarsat and the Finnish Border Guard Effectively coordinated operations

Communication and operational integration

Vietnam Marine Police Data transmission concept

Expanded communication network

Satellite and airborne surveillance integration

Pictures courtesy of EMSA If not integrated in an airborne system the Satellite imagery is only ”used” for documentation / report illustration

© ESA (European Space Agency) / EMSA 2009 Integration of satellite imagery into the airborne system’s tactical map facilitates: Initial overview for faster deployment Monitoring emanating from an initial general overview Immediate cross referencing of target data in satellite imagery to AIS and on- board sensor data

Operation ATALANTA EU NAVFOR Somalia

MSS 6000 in Somalia

A well executed mission off the coast of Somalia During four months in 2010 one of the Swedish Coast Guard’s three aircraft, the KBV 583, has participated in the EUNAVFOR Somalia (operation "Atalanta") off the east coast of Somalia The mission has been to detect, document and report suspected acts of piracy The Coast Guard aircraft has monitored a vast sector of the Indian Ocean, detecting and identifying suspected vessels During the 110 day Coast Guard deployment KBV 803 executed 89 missions with a total of 566 hours in the air. During these missions 32 mother ships and 56 smaller attack boats have been detected, leading to numerous seizures and arrests Source: Swedish Coast Guard

Small targets in a vast ocean

Gulf of Mexico 2010 A major oil spill requiring extensive surveillance and co-ordination of resources

MSS 6000 in the Gulf of Mexico One of Transport Canada’s Dash 8 aircraft transferred to Gulf of Mexico in early May Surveillance flights twice daily Decisive support to response operations

MSS 6000 equipment Recording data with the Dash 8 flying over the Gulf of Mexico Photo: CBC-TV SLAR IR/UV line scanner AIS EO/IR (FLIR) Still camera Video camera SATCOM Direction Finder

Levels of support in the Gulf operations 1. Large-scale mapping - spatial distribution of oil - shoreline impact of oil 2.Resource allocation support - shoreline impact support - dispersant application support - clean up operations support - boom operations support

Large-scale mapping Spatial distribution of oil - Near Real Time (NRT) - Post flight Mapping of strips and patches near or impacting shore

Satellite Communication System Satellite two-way data transmission system (high-speed INMARSAT) GeoTIFF images, photos, reports to command centre during flight Command centre SLAR radar image with geographic references (GeoTIFF)

MSS 6000 spill distribution Surface oil distribution detected by SLAR

Spatial distribution of oil reconstructed while aircraft in flight (SLAR GeoTIFF images sent over SATCOM)

LARGE-SCALE MAPPING – 13 MAY

SHORELINE IMPACT MAPPING Strips and Patches of Oil Mapped from SLAR Near or Impacting Shore

Current Distribution 13 June

RESOURCE ALLOCATION SUPPORT 1.SHORELINE IMPACT RESPONSE 2.DISPERSANT APPLICATION SUPPORT 3.CLEAN UP OPERATIONS SUPPORT 4. BOOM OPERATIONS SUPPORT

1. SHORELINE IMPACT RESPONSE Oil detection by SLAR GeoTIFF SLAR, photographs, co-ordinates sent directly to command centre from aircraft Resources allocated as required

2. DISPERSANT APPLICATION SUPPORT Co-ordinates downloaded to command centre for dispersant aircraft tasking

3. CLEAN UP OPERATIONS SUPPORT Coordinates of recoverable oil sent to command centre Skimmers tasked based on coordinates

4. BOOM OPERATIONS SUPPORT Boom

SUMMARY MSS 6000 data ingested into GIS database for use by USCG, EPA, BP and others Data used for day and evening briefings for planning of activities and resource allocation Large-scale overview data (map) used to brief local officials and national and local politicians Aerial surveillance data has had a large impact on the situational awareness in the area and the planning of the response operations When the Canadian assignment was concluded, a Dash 8 from the Icelandic Coast Guard, also equipped with MSS 6000, took over

Conclusions Dedicated airborne maritime surveillance systems developed for Coast Guard and Marine Police applications are at least as effective against a wide range of threats and challenges as more traditional, military systems Dedicated, civilian systems may be smaller, lighter and less power consuming Dedicated civilian systems may be operated by a smaller crew Dedicated civilian systems may therefore be installed in smaller and less expensive aircraft, or allow for more endurance, or a combination of both For most Coast Guard and Marine Police missions a dedicated, civilian airborne maritime surveillance system may therefore be more cost efficient without sacrificing effectiveness and performance

Thank you for your attention!