IBM Global Business Services © Copyright IBM Corporation 2010 IBM Institute for Business Value Toward transparency and stability: Building a new financial order A Future Agenda Study

IBM Institute for Business Value © Copyright IBM Corporation /5/20152 We surveyed over 2,750 industry participants and conducted secondary research to determine how firms must prepare for the future  Our analysis focused on selected financial markets industry participants 1 : - Buy side - Sell side - Processors - Others: academics, think tanks, industry associations, regulatory bodies  We surveyed 2,754 industry participants 2 : - Qualitative interviews of 185 executives and government officials - Survey of 1,493 executives and government officials - Survey of 1,076 investors - 33% Americas, 35% EMEA 3 and 32% Asia  We conducted secondary research and developed quantitative models ScopeApproach Note: 1 Buy side includes institutional and retail asset management inclusive of private banking, hedge funds and the end institutional investor (sovereign wealth funds, retirement plans, endowments & foundations) and individual investors, Sell side includes investment banking and capital markets, Processors include custodians, exchanges, ATSs and clearing firms; 2 Primary research was conducted between April 1 st, 2008 through February 22 nd, 2010, 85% of business leaders are Board or C-level, EVP or divisional head with the remainder Director, SVP or VP level; 3 EMEA is Europe, Middle East, Africa  Which forces will disrupt the industry landscape?  What will clients pay for?  How will the bases for competition change?  What steps must firms take today to win? IBM Institute for Business Value CFA Institute

IBM Institute for Business Value © Copyright IBM Corporation /5/20153 Historically firms have benefited from a lack of transparency; returns of the past are over and firms must concentrate on delivering sustainable results  Sophistication in financial engineering has outstripped our ability to handle and risk-manage it.  Together government and industry must work together to establish a financial system that balances stability with innovation.  Daily realities must deliver on brand promises by focusing on the needs of clients.  To thrive, the industry must solve its identity crisis, which will likely involve a change in business models. Summary of Findings The industry will unbundle into more specialized organizations that are better equipped to monetize client needs.

IBM Institute for Business Value © Copyright IBM Corporation /5/20154 CSDs – Main Business and Regulatory Drivers  Volumes - up, down, volatile and variable - Pressure on Exchange Infrastructures spills over, CCPs siphoning-off CSD volumes, settlement being split off from asset servicing.in Europe.  Products extensions – to strengthen and diversify revenue sources, get out of the “CSD box” (leaving natural monopoly zone?) - Demand for risk management, data services and portfolio optimization, but time-to-market factors, competition among infrastructure providers nationally and cross-border.  Cost Reduction and Efficiency - For-profit pressures - Pressure on costs, including capital reserves -Cost of innovation (often underestimated) -Critical mass and economies of scale issues  Regulatory Drivers - Systemic risks, liquidity pressure, transparency and debates on global coordination, retail investor protection and omnibus model  Competition – up and down, including clients  Customer Demand for High Service Levels - absolute reliability, extended hours, real- time support Transaction volumes are growing again But…… Costs are under constant downward pressure

IBM Institute for Business Value © Copyright IBM Corporation /5/20155 So, how can CSD’s transform to help firms deliver sustainable results  Business Drivers and Regulatory Drivers will evolve new business models  Need to enhance revenue (justify price points of services) and reduce cost of operations  Is there sufficient critical mass for the independent CSDs to grow their core business?  Stick to core business or innovate in providing new (added-value) service (e.g. fund settlement,…)  Price points vs cost of operations  Use the power of the data floating through the systems: multilateral, potentially expand into bilateral (Markit)  Vertical integration within domestic borders? Or horizontal integration via shared services utility across borders?  Consolidate and integrate horizontally (across products, markets) and vertically (along value chain) to increase economies of scale  Domestic, Cross-Border, Cross Continent consolidation vs fragmentation  Re-use common infrastructure in shared services models The industry may need to adopt new, probably federated business models (‘utility’) that will reduce cost by the same token offering more (added value for revenue) service

IBM Institute for Business Value © Copyright IBM Corporation /5/20156 CSD Business Models – how to thrive as well as survive?  Vertical  Horizontal  Outsourcing  Consolidation  Shared  Combination models  Implications for each CSD, national economies, Americas region, globalization  Constructive roles for ACSDA

IBM Institute for Business Value © Copyright IBM Corporation 2010 Contacts: Suzanne Duncan Financial Markets Industry Leader IBM Institute for Business Value Cambridge, MA USA Tel: Rosa Ziccarelli Global Client Executive, DTCC, NYSE, and FINRA IBM Corp. 590 Madison Ave. New York, NY USA Tel: Mobile: /5/20157