Digestive System Chapter 38 Section 2

Types of Digestion 1)CHEMICAL DIGESTION  Digestion done using enzymes and acid; purpose is to break food into tiny microscopic building blocks, so they can be absorbed into the blood stream. 2)PHYSICAL DIGESTION  breaking food into smaller chunks—uses teeth, and stomach grinding *aka=mechanical digestion

Organs of the Alimentary Canal: (the “tube” that food passes through) 1.Digestion begins in the mouth. Back of throat is the epiglottis  tissue flap that separates the trachea from the esophagus.

Organs of the Alimentary Canal: (the “tube” that food passes through) 2.Esophagus: tube connecting the mouth and stomach

Organs of the Alimentary Canal: (the “tube” that food passes through) 3.Stomach: j shaped pouch that uses enzymes (pepsin  breaks down proteins) and acids that digest food into building blocks ***lined with mucus  a hole in mucus layer = ulcer.

Organs of the Alimentary Canal: (the “tube” that food passes through) 4.Small intestine: contains small finger-like cells called villi, which absorbs (sucks up) the small building blocks  amino acids; fatty acids & monosaccharides ***your s.i. is feet long; it’s held together by a membrane called the mesentery.

Organs of the Alimentary Canal: (the “tube” that food passes through) 5.Large intestines: absorbs water and makes/stores feces ***feces is stored in the rectum (last part of the l.i.) ***feces is expelled out of the body through the anus ***the non-functioning organ called the appendix is located at the junction of the s.i. and the l.i.

ACCESSORY ORGANS OF DIGESTION: (food does not pass through these organs) 1.Liver: makes bile to help digest fats; has 3 lobes ***largest internal body organ ***covers the stomach, pancreas, and top of the l.i. ***located below the diaphragm ***brown in color ***the liver dumps its bile into the s.i.

ACCESSORY ORGANS OF DIGESTION: (food does not pass through these organs) 2.Pancreas: the enzyme factory of the body—makes enzymes used in chemical digestion ***dumps its enzymes into the s.i.

ACCESSORY ORGANS OF DIGESTION: (food does not pass through these organs) 3.Gall Bladder: stores extra bile from the liver.

1.Salivary gland: Chemical digestion— breaks down starch using amalayse 2. Esophagus—moves food to stomach 3. Stomach: physical and chemical digestion occur 4. Pancreas: aids S.I. in chemical digestion 5. Liver: aids S.I. in chemical digestion 6. Gall bladder: stores bile 7. Large Intestines: absorbs water and stores feces in rectum 8. Appendix: no longer functional 9. Rectum/Anus: store and expels waste 10. Small Intestines: Chemical digestion and absorbs nutrients 11. Mouth: Teeth and Tongue help move food around—physical digestion