VAISHALI ICAR research complex for eastern region Patna, Bihar India SITE SELECTION

Eastern IGP Eastern UP, Bihar, West Bengal, Nepal tarai region, and Bangladesh It is characterized by high potential but low productivity region.

Study Site Vaishali District (Bihar)

Vaishali Represents part of eastern IGP within India. It falls almost in the middle of eastern IGP Possess almost all the representative characteristics.

Geographical Location The District is located at 25° to 30° North latitude and 84° to 85° east longitude. The District is surrounded by River Ganga in south, Gandak in west, District Muzaffarpur in north & District Samastipur in East. The District is in semi tropical Gangetic plane. The state capital Patna is linked with famous Mahatma Gandhi Setu.

Characteristics Low Productivity - Food deficit region Rice productivity – 2.25 t/ha wheat productivity 2.12 t/ha Poor infrastructure communication roads power supply Low inputs fertilizer – 37 kg/ha pesticides – 0.04 kg/ha

Rainfall: Medium - High, 1121 mm More per capita water availability, but available water is under utilized. Irrigated area less than 40% Very few developed irrigation canal network High risk of flooding, poor drainage, water logging /stagnation About 4% area is water logged. Labour out migration is a common feature for search of livelihood.

Table 1: Basic Demographic Indicators of Vaishali District Indicators District Average annual exponential growth rate Population density (per Sq Km) Sex ratio (females per 1000 males) Percent urban Percent Scheduled caste Percent Scheduled tribe Percent of literate population age 7+ years Person Male Female Source : Census, 2001

Land Use: The land use details of the district are as below: Land use type% of total area District (Vaishali) State (Bihar) Barren and uncultivable land Land put to non- agricultural use Land under miscellaneous trees and groves Current fallow Net area sown

HEALTH DISTRICT HOSPITAL:-01 REFERRAL HOSPITAL:-02 PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE:-11 ADDITIONAL PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE:-33 HEALTH SUB CENTRE:-339 GRAMIN AUSADHALAY:-09 BLOOD BANK:- 01 AIDS CONTROL SOCIETY:- 01 TRAINED NURSES:-401 TRAINED DOCTORS:-120

ENERGY & ELECTRICITY i)LENGTH OF DISTRIBUTION OF NET WORK (a) 33 KVA LINE:-75 KM. (b) 11 KVA LINE:-1050 KM. ii)TOWNS ELECTRIFIED PERCENTAGE OF TOWN:-75 % ELECTRIFICATION VILLAGES ELECTRIFIED:-536 PERCENTAGE OF VILLAGE ELECTRIFICATION :-20%

Migration Per capita agricultural income Rs Rural poverty : % Out of the total migrants from rural Bihar 77 percent migrate with the hope of getting sufficient employment at enhanced wage rate. If we ignore the reason of better wages, and limit only to the employment as prime reason for migration, even then almost 38.7 percent migrants fall in this category. These are the migrants who more appropriately may be called as distressed migrants. Maximum migration has been towards northern and western states like Maharashtra, Punjab, Haryana, Jammu etc.

AGRICULTURE MAIN CROPS: Paddy, Maize, Wheat, Vegetables, tobacco & oil crops. CROPPING INTENSITY: 222 % AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION: Thousand MT

CROP ROTATION (I) PADDY-WHEAT (II)PADDYWHEAT- MAIZE (III)PADDY-MAIZE (IV)PADDY-WHEAT- MUNG (V)TOBACCO-MAIZE (VI)PADDY-POTATO - ONION (VII)PADDY-GRAM/MASUR/TISI

Working population No.: Main Cultivators: Agricultural labourers: Household industry workers: Other workers: Marginal Cultivators: Agricultural labourers: Household industry workers: 8968 Other workers: Non Working population:

Average expenditure per person per month in Bihar (Rs) Urban Total food Non food Total consumption expenditure Rural Total food Non food Total consumption expenditure414.62

Crop APYAPYAPY PADDY Garma Bhadai Agahani WHEAT Barley MAIZE Rabi Garma GRAM LENTIL PEA ARHAR Khesari Green Gram Potato Tobacco

Crop APYAPYAPY Turmeric Sweet potato Ginger Chilli Sunflower Castor GARLIC Onion Mustard Linseed Coriander

ANIMAL HUSBANDARY No of Vet nary Hospital:-22 No of Vet nary Sub Center:-44 (a)Plough Animals: (b)Diary Animal: (i) Cattle: (ii) Buffalos : (c)Sheep, Goats & Others: (d)Poultry:-63284

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