Bell Ringer Take out US and Canada blank map Turn in to top basket by door 3. Take out a sheet of paper for NOTES

THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA

LANDFORMS The United States and Canada make up about 80% of the continent of N. America Landforms range from vast plains to high mountains, plateaus, and volcanic islands.

THE EAST AND INTERIOR The Appalachian Mountains stretch from Georgia to southeastern Canada Between the Appalachians and the Rocky Mountains lie the vast interior plains. The Mississippi River drains into most of this region The Great Lakes are located north of the Ohio River. Appalachian Mountains Great Lakes

Many of the highest peaks reach 14,000 feet. THE WEST The Rocky Mountains stretch from New Mexico to Canada The Pacific Coast region is made up of two major mountain systems- Sierra Nevada Cascades Many of the highest peaks reach 14,000 feet.

THE WEST CONT. Ring of Fire- tectonically active region around the edges of the Pacific It has many active volcanoes and earthquake faults The two westernmost U.S. states are Alaska and Hawaii Hot Spot- a place where magma wells up to the surface

BODIES OF WATER Continental Divide- this crest divides North America’s major river systems into those flowing eastward and westward. East- Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio Rivers St. Lawrence connects the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean North America has more large lakes than any other continent

TCI GREAT LAKES

BELL RINGER 9/18 What is the difference between point source and non-point source pollution?

REGIONS OF THE UNITED STATES The United States is divided into 4 regions The Northeast The Midwest The South The West

THE NORTHEAST The Northeast is the smallest and most densely populated region in the U.S. Political and financial center and most industrialized region Megalopolis- a group of cities that have grown into one large, built-up area. Metropolitan Area- a city and its surrounding build-up areas New York is located in the heart of Megalopolis.

THE MIDWEST The Midwest is the country’s major farming region and a leading producer of industrial goods. Most of the region’s land is arable, or it for growing crops. Corn Belt- area that has the country’s leading corn producing states Dairy Belt- area that has the country’s leading dairy producing states

The Dairy Belt

THE SOUTH The South stretches in a great arc from Virginia to Texas These states are home to a little more than 30% of the country’s population, more than any other region In recent years, many new industries have developed in the South. Stately oak trees and large plantation homes are common in the South. This plantation house north of Baton Rouge, Louisiana, has columns and balconies typical of plantation architecture

THE WEST The West is the largest and most sparsely populated region of the U.S. About 25% of the country’s population lives in this huge area. The West includes the Great Plains, Rocky Mountains, and an intermountain region west of the Rockies The San Juan Mountains, a range in the Rockies, rise dramatically in southern Colorado. The West has long been known for its spectacular scenery and natural landscapes

TCI Urban Sprawl Read: Introduction and Section 1 and 2. Do GEOTERMS… Write the definition and use the word in a sentence. Metropolitan Area Rural Fringe Suburb Urban Core Urban Fringe Urban Sprawl

Read Section 4 Portland

Read Section 7 8 Toronto

Global Connections Why might some regions have more metropolitan areas than others?  Why are there so many cities with more than 5 million people in Asia?  What special problems might urban sprawl create for poor countries?  Wealthy regions tend to have more large cities than poor ones. That’s because most jobs in wealthy countries are found in cities. Climate, landforms, and vegetation zones also play a role. There aren’t many big cities in extremely cold or arid regions. Nor are there many urban areas in mountains or rainforests. The simple answer is this: Asia has more people than any other continent. More than 3 billion people live in Asia. Together, China and India are home to 4 out of 10 of the world’s people. Also, the economies of many Asian countries are changing. They are shifting from farming to manufacturing and trade. Such economic activity generally takes place in urban settings. As a result, metropolitan areas are growing rapidly in Asia. Poor countries often have little control over how their cities grow. People moving to a city simply build homes wherever they find space. The governments of such countries lack money to provide growing cities with basic services. These services include clean water, paved roads, electricity, sewers, medical care, and schools.

SETTLEMENT AND LAND USE The population of the U.S. is concentrated in the Northeast However more people are moving to the South and West.

Americans & Consumption consumption: the using up of goods and services. This term is also used to describe the purchase and use of goods and services by consumers. Average American spends thousands of dollars each year on personal consumption Typical for people living in Developed Countries (a wealthy country with an advanced economy). Developed countries have many industries and provide a comfortable way of life for most of their people. Developed Country = High Standard of Living Developing Countries: a poorer country with a less advanced economy. In general, developing countries are trying to increase their industries and improve life for their people.

United States Consumption 2009: US had a population of more than 300 million people.  made it the third most populated country in the world Much smaller than China and India, BUT US still consumed more. Mainly, because the US is more developed CONSUMPTION DEPENDS ON DEVELOPMENT

What is a CARTOGRAM? Used to compare numerical data about different places This map compares the population of the world’s seven regions. The more people a region has, the larger it will appear on the cartogram.

Read Section 2: The Geographic Setting Define GDP and Per Capita in your notes.

TCI Section 6 What three important factors contribute to the United States’ high GDP? How does education affect GDP in the United States? How does the American work ethic affect GDP? How do you think a country’s GDP affects its citizens’ ability to consume?

Migration to the United States emigrate: to move from a country. People who leave a country are called emigrants. immigrate: to move to a country. People who move to another country are called immigrants. migration stream: the constant flow of migrants from one country into another country. The largest migration stream into the United States today is from Mexico.

Read Ch 8, Section 2: The Geographic Setting Define PUSH and PULL factors in your notes. Provide an example of each using the terms REFUGEE and PERSECUTION. Read Ch 8, Section 4 Provide three examples of why people IMMIGRATE to the United States

How does immigration impact the US? Economic Impacts: Jobs Taxes Cultural Impacts: Neighborhoods, Food, and Holidays Diffusion (the spreading and mixing of cultures)

TCI: Canada Regions

CANADA Canada is the world’s second-largest country. Only Russia is larger. The population of Canada is approximately 34 million.

HISTORY As in the U.S., Native Americans were once found across Canada. The British organized Canada into several governmental districts called provinces. Today Canada has 10 provinces and three special territories

CULTURE About ¼ of all Canadians live in the province of Quebec. 90% of Canadians that live in this province speak French as their first language To the west, Ontario reflects British heritage much like Quebec symbolizes the French